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This Is Rapid and Allows The Evolution From Novice To Expert. New Shortcuts As Needed

The document discusses various techniques for navigating menus and entering data through menus. It covers providing keyboard shortcuts to speed up menu navigation for experienced users. It also discusses form fill-in as the standard interface for complex data entry and search tasks on the web. Novel menu designs are presented that combine menus and direct manipulation, such as pie menus, control menus, marking menus, and flow menus. The document also covers audio menus and menus designed for small displays.

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Arun Rangrej
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39 views23 pages

This Is Rapid and Allows The Evolution From Novice To Expert. New Shortcuts As Needed

The document discusses various techniques for navigating menus and entering data through menus. It covers providing keyboard shortcuts to speed up menu navigation for experienced users. It also discusses form fill-in as the standard interface for complex data entry and search tasks on the web. Novel menu designs are presented that combine menus and direct manipulation, such as pie menus, control menus, marking menus, and flow menus. The document also covers audio menus and menus designed for small displays.

Uploaded by

Arun Rangrej
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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6.6.

Fast Movement Through Menus


 A standard way to permit frequent menu users to speed through the options is to
provide keyboard shortcuts. This is rapid and allows the evolution from novice to
expert.
 Shortcut should be indicated next to the menu item label so that user can learn
new shortcuts as needed.
 Eg : Alt-V View, Alt –O Outline view
In web browsers, bookmarks provide a way for users to take shortcuts to
destinations that they have visited previously.
 When items of a lower-level menu need to be used multiple times in a row,
tear off menus can be useful to keep the list of options visible on the screen.
-A pop-up menu that you can move around the screen like a window. Regular pop-up
menus are attached to the menu selection that caused them to pop up-
appearance of a dotted line at the top of the menu.

1
6.7. Data Entry With Menus : Form Fillin , Dialog Boxes and
Alternatives
• When many fields of data are necessary, the appropriate style
is form-fillin.

• This became the standard interface for specifying complex


searches and doing data entry on the World wide Web.

• This is attractive because the full component of information is


visible.

• eg : airline-ticket booking and purchasing.


6.7. Data Entry With Menus : Form Fillin , Dialog Boxes and
Alternatives
6.7. Data Entry With Menus : Form Fillin , Dialog Boxes and Alternatives

• Form Fillin
– Software tools simplify the design, helps to ensure consistency, ease
maintenance and speed up the implementation.

– Box 6.2. Form fill-in design guidelines (pg: 251)

Elements of form-fillin:
 Meaningful title : Identify the topic and avoid computer terminology .
 Comprehensible instructions : be brief, if more information is needed, make
a set of help screens available to the novice user.
Eg: instruction “ you should type the address” can be replaced with
“Address”.
 Logical grouping and sequencing of fields : Related fields should be adjacent
and should be aligned with blank spaces. Eg: city followed by state followed
by zip code.
6.7. Data Entry With Menus : Form Fillin , Dialog Boxes and Alternatives

 Visually appealing layout of the form : Alignment creates a feeling of order


and comprehensibility . Few fields can be right justified so that it allows the
frequent user to concentrate on the fields and to ignore the labels.
 Familiar field labels : common terms should be used. Eg: “Home
address”/”Domicile” .
 Consistent terminology and abbreviations: prepare a list of terms and
acceptable abbreviations and use the list diligently.
 Visible space and boundaries for data entry fields,
 Convenient cursor movement,
 Error correction for individual characters and entire fields,
– Error prevention,
– Error messages for unacceptable values, Immediate feedback,
– Optional fields clearly marked,
– Explanatory messages for fields
– Completion signal.
• [ 14 – guidelines]
6.7.2. Format-Specific Fields
Columns of information require special treatment for data entry and
for display.
 Alphabetic fields are customarily left justified on entry and on
display.
 Numeric field are left justified on entry but then become right
justified on display. Avoid entry and leftmost zeros in numeric fields.
 Special attention should be given to these fields :

 Telephone Numbers : offer a form to indicate the subfields


 Telephone :( _ _ _ ) _ _ _ - _ _ _ _
 Special cases such as addition of extensions and for international
numbers should also be handled efficiently.
6.7.2. Format-Specific Fields
 Social security numbers : The pattern for US SSN should appear on
the screen as
Social security number : _ _ _ - _ _ - _ _ _ _

If the user has typed first three digits , the cursor should jump to the
leftmost position of the two-digit field.

 Times : Even though the 24-hr clock is convenient, many people


prefer A.M. or P.M. designations. The form might appear as
_ _ : _ _ _ _ (09: 45 A.M. Or P.M.)
 Seconds may or may not be included as per the need.
6.7.2. Format-Specific Fields
• Dates : Different formats for dates are appropriate for different tasks
and European rules differ from American rules.
Date : _ _ / _ _ / _ _ _ _ (MM/DD/YYYY)

Providing a pop-up graphical calendar will reduce the number of errors.

Dollar amounts(or other currency) : The currency sign should appear


on the screen, so users enter only the amount.
eg : $ _ _ _ _ . 00

Other Considerations : multi-screen forms, mixed menus and forms,


relationship to paper forms, handling of special cases, and integration
of word processor to allow comments to be entered.
6.7.3. Dialog Boxes
• In modern GUIs, many tasks are interrupted to request users to select options or
perform limited data entry. The solution is to provide a dialog box.

• Eg : Open, Save Find, Print and Font.

• combines menu-selection and form-fillin issues with concerns about consistency


• Clustering of related items within a box or
separation by horizontal and vertical rules helps users to understand the contents
• Dialog boxes are often shaped and sized to fit each situation but distinctive sizes
may be used to signal errors, confirmations, or components of the application

• Dialog box also involves the relationship of the box with the current contents of the
screen. It should not get overlapped and should not create visual disruption.
Data Entry with Menus: Form Fill-in, Dialog
Boxes, and Alternatives
• Dialog Boxes
– Combination of menu and form fill-in techniques.
– Internal layout guidelines:
• Meaningful title, consistent style
• Top-left to bottom-right sequencing
• Clustering and emphasis
• Consistent layouts (margins, grid, white space, lines, boxes)
• Consistent terminology, fonts, capitalization, justification
• Standard buttons (OK, Cancel)
• Error prevention by direct manipulation

6-10
Data Entry with Menus: Form Fill-in, Dialog
Boxes, and Alternatives
• Dialog Boxes (cont.)
– External Relationship
• Smooth appearance and disappearance
• Distinguishable but small boundary
• Size small enough to reduce overlap problems
• Display close to appropriate items
• No overlap of required items
• Easy to make disappear
• Clear how to complete/cancel

6-11
6.7.3. Dialog Boxes
Data Entry with Menus: Form Fill-in, Dialog
Boxes, and Alternatives
• Novel design combining menus and direct manipulation
– Pie menus (example here)
– Control menus
– Marking menus
– Flow menus
– Toolglass

6-13
Pie- Menu

14
Flow- Menu
6.7.4. Novel designs combining menus and direct manipulation
• Menu selection can be combined with direct manipulation.
• Pie-menus allows the users to specify both the size and style of font
in one gesture.
• Control menus : when the pointing device reaches a specified
threshold, the command is issued and direct manipulation can
proceed immediately.
6.7.4. Novel designs combining menus and direct manipulation

• Marking-menus : Allows direct manipulation and show that


the release of the pointing device can be used as command-
selection mechanism.
6.7.4. Novel designs combining menus and direct manipulation
• FlowMenu : it return to the central rest area after the menu
selection to trigger the direct manipulation needed.

• Multiple selections and direct manipulations can be chained


together allowing complex menu selections and data entry. They are
well adapted to wall displays.
6.7.4. Novel designs combining menus and direct manipulation

 Toolglass :
 Uses two-handed operation to combine menu selection and
data entry.

 Users move their nondominant hand to manipulate a


translucent tool palette while their dominant hand selects
commands and performs direct manipulation tasks.

 Useful for medium-sized displays.

 Fig: zoom an object using flow menu


Tool glass Menu
Audio Menus and Menus for
Small Displays
• Menu systems in small displays and situations where hands
and eyes are busy are a challenge.

• Audio menus
– Verbal prompts and option descriptions
– Input is normally verbal or keypad
– Not persistent, like a visual display, so memorization is
required.
– Request users can avoid listening to options

6-20
Audio Menus and Menus for
Small Displays (cont.)
• Menu for small displays
– E.g., entertainment, communication services
– Learnability is a key issue
– Hardware buttons
• Navigation, select
– Expect interactions
– Tap interface
– GPS and radio frequency identification provides same
automatic input

6-21
Audio Menus and Menus for
Small Displays (cont.)

Telephone menus use soft keys to present context-dependent menu items.


The convention used here is to consistently place selections on the left side and back
Or
exit options on the right side.
Hard buttons control the connect and disconnect
functions.
Dedicated buttons facilitate scrolling through lists. The current position in
the list is indicated on the right side of the screen.
6-22
Audio Menus and Menus for
Small Displays (cont.)

Zumobi's user
interface. The
interface platform
supports a
zoomable Web-
browsing
experience on
mobile devices.  

The Zumobi interface (http://www.zumobi.com) on a mobile phone starts with


four “tiles” using a two-level zoom interaction to see the tile details (left side).
The user can specify which tiles are in their “zoomspace”. Then, when they
become more familiar with the interface, they can add up to a total of 16 tiles
using a three-level zoom interaction to smoothly go between overview, “zone”
view, and detail view (right side). The application accommodates thumb use on
touchscreens, numeric key pads for zone-based zooming, 4-way D-Pads, and even
thumb-roller controllers.
6-23

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