46910: PhD Course in advanced finite

element simulations using Abaqus

Topic 1a intro: Modelling and viewing in Abaqus/CAE

Lars P. Mikkelsen
Composite and Material Mechanics
DTU Wind Energy

http://www.pmik.dk/risoe
Up running with Abaqus
• Abaqus student version:
– A full version but can only be used on small <1000 node model
– Most exercises in the course can be solved using the student
version
– Not possible to make user-defined material/element models and
extract scripting (but possible to run scripts).
– Use the link to achieve the student edition:
http://www.3ds.com/products/simulia/academics/simulia-learning-
community/

• Will be given access to full Abaqus version through an Abaqus terminal

solution later in the course

2 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Learning objectives :

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Reports

• Master-students is allowed to hand-in as a group on max. 2 students.

• PhD-students must hand-in as individual reports
• Four out of the five reports must be completed on a passing level in
order to pass the course

Report should be self-explaining (including the questions which are

answered) and give enough information making it possible to reproduce
the results. The legend and numbers on the graphs should be readable.
The report can be written e.g. as PowerPoint file as it make it easier to
include figures explaining the model and results. The reports should be
submitted as a pdf-file.
4 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Submission procedure of the 5 reports
• Submit to the peergrade.io system
– Deadline Saturday evening after finishing the topic Thursday
• Make peer review of 3 other reports based on the Rubric
– Deadline Wednesday at 12:00
– Only asked to do peer review if you have submitted the report
– Only see the peer review of your report if you are making peer review
of the other reports
• I may come with some general comments on the reports Thursday and
you can also ask some specific questions to the report during the
Thursday lecture: preferable during the lunch-break (12:30-13) before
the lecture or at the end of the lecture from 16-17.
• Correct your report with respect to the peer review and submit it to the
Campusnet page Friday evening.
• You will then get an approval grade if the quality is on a passing level. If
it is not on a passing level. Please come and arrange a re-submission of
an improved version of the report.

5 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Report 1: Introduction to Abaqus/CAE
• The topic 1 Introduction to Abaqus/CAE will be taught
– Thursday the 1st of February
– Thursday the 8th of February
• The submission to the peergrade.io should be done
– Saturday the 10th of February at 23:59
– Sunday the 11th of February at 23:59
• The peer review should be done
– Start Monday the 12th of February at 8:00
– Deadline: Wednesday the 14th of February at 12:00
• General feedback and possibility for individual questions
– Thursday the 15th of February at 12:30-13:00 and after 16:00
• Submission of the report to campusnet
– Friday the 16th of February at 23:55
• Pass/non-pass judgement from me based on the content of the report

6 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Problems investigated
• Topic 1: Abaqus intro CA E – The
e Ab aqus and
– Workshop: Build up 3-D to u s
cantilever beam
tu re s
Learn o f i rst lec
UI Tw
– Exercise: Building up a: cantilever beam using 3D, 3D shell, 2D plane stress, 2D
G
beam elements. t1
repor

• Topic 2: Material models:

– Exercise: Elastic, Non-linear elastic, Elastic-plastic, Visco-elastic, Anisotropic elastic

• Topic 3: Build up a 2-D plane stress model

– Exercise: Scripting d u se and
e
r en t detail ork
e w
o in to diff rt way to s ed on
G sm a b a
o k
• Topic 4: Composite i nto layup, r es earch of structures
buckling
lo a k ing m ent
m el e
when and
• Topic 5: Crack-tip
r cia l finitegrowth simulations
crack
e
comm e's
ar
softw
Show preliminary course schedule
https://cn.inside.dtu.dk/cnnet/calendar/default.aspx?elementId=563459
7 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Finite element definitions
• Pre-processing, solver, Post-processing

• Implicit or Explicit finite element modeling

• Total or Updated Lagrange formulations

• Isoparametric elements
– Full og reduced integrations
– Locking and hour-glass deformation

• Beam, shell and structural elements

• Small or large strain analysis (nlgeom off/on)

8 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
 Pre-processing, solver, Post-processing
• Pre-processing: Abaqus CAE (CAE license tokens)
– Defining and build up the model (saved in .cae and .jnl file and abaqus.rpy)
– Generate a job-name -> generate an .inp-file
– Can be replayed/modified using a python script in the CAE or command:
abaqus cae noGUI=PYTHONSCRIPTpre.py

• Solver: Abaqus analysis license tokens

– Solve the problem defined in the .inp-file
– Information about the solving process can be found in the .dat, .msg and .sta
file
– The analysis can be performed using the submit in CAE or the command:
abaqus job=JOBNAME.inp cpus=12 interactive

• Post-processing: Abaqus Viewer (CAE license tokens)

– Open the output database .odb
– Can be replayed/modified in a python script in the CAE, Viewer or command:
abaqus viewer noGUI=PYTHONSCRIPTpost.py

9 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Implicit or Explicit finite element modeling
• Implicit (Static) • Explicit (Dynamic)
– Static analysis: the solution is – Dynamic analysis: solve stress
in equilibrium waves using F=ma
– Implicit: Build up a stiffness – Explicit: Solve the problem
matrix and solve the whole element-by-element using sum
system of forces -> acceleration of
– The model breaks down when element/node
rigid body movements is – Maximum stable time
possible/the stiffness matrix is increment given by the time a
singular stress wave (speed of sound)
– Viscos damping, Riks is traveling over the smallest
methods ... for stabilization of element
the problem – Viscos damping in order to
– Quasistatic: include d’Alembert dampened stress waves
forces in ordder to mimic – Quasi-dynamic analysis: Using
dynamic effects. the mass as a stabilization
parameter in order to get a
static solution. Mass scaling

10 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Abaqus/Standard -> Abaqus/Explicit

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Small or large strain/rotation analysis
• In Abaqus given by the NLGEOM option in the step definition

• A linear problem requires only one increment. The solution will scale with
the load level.

• Including non-linear effects more prone to stability problems

12 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Introduction to Abaqus/CAE
Pre-processing
- “Getting Started with Abaqus: Interactive Edition”
• Creating part (2D or 3D)
– Sketch (or import) the geometry of a part
• Material definition
– Select e.g. a linear elastic material
• Define a section with a material
• Assign the section to a part
• Assembling parts to a model
• Configure the analysis
– Initial and step-1 (analysis type)
– Boundary condition and load (e.g. by using predefined sets)
– Define output: history and field (size of output and output variable)
• Mesh the model on part or assembly level (independent/dependent)
– 1) mesh-control, 2) seed, 3) element-type, 4) meshing part
• Create and submit analysis job

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 Make a sketch
Creating a parts

”Import Part” from CAD etc.

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 From CT- or surface scan

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 From CAD drawing

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 Units in Abaqus

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Materiale definition

Topic 2:
Will focus on this

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 Create section Assign section to part

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 Assembly model

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 Configure step

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Define sets Boundary Note the step
for the BC

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 Note the step
for load or prescribed
displacements
Load

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 Set for extracting
reaction force

Define output

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 Mesh the model (part or instance)

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 Create job, submit and monitor

Use same name in

order to link the output
files with the model

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 Post-processing …

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 Modify the contour plot

Make numbers
readable

Make numbers easy

to compare

28 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
Tips and tricks
• Copy model before add new features
• Job-name = Model-name
• Keep related files in one folder e.g. by use the “start in” setup or open by
click on cae-file in folder eventually by making an empty file with the
cae-extension.
• After running the job, check the .dat, .msg, and .sta file or use monitor
in job menu.
• Use screen dump and saving e.g. in PowerPoint for later reference
• Save x-y plot as rpt-files for later comparison plotting
• Use macros or scripting for repeating sequences.

29 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
 Additional softwares

Notepad++: Good freeware program for editing files under windows

Anaconda Python (or other Python versions):

- Jupyter notebook user-interface
- Spyder as GUI

Extra help

Simulia: https://swym.3ds.com/#community:73/home
Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/groups/2244871379/
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/groups?home=&gid=3164622
….

30 DTU Wind Energy, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018
 Tutorials
• Exercise: Creating a simple model in Abaqus/CAE
– “Getting Started with Abaqus: Interactive Edition” in “Appendix B:
Creating and Analyzing a Simple Model in Abaqus/CAE”
• http://abaqus.software.polimi.it/v6.14/books/gsa/default.htm?startat=ap02.html
• PDF-version of documentation (Campusnet: AbqW1a-...)

• Homework: Viewing results

– “Getting Started with Abaqus: Interactive Edition” in “Appendix D:
Viewing the Output from Your Analysis”
• http://abaqus.software.polimi.it/v6.14/books/gsa/default.htm?startat=ap04.html
• PDF-version of documentation (Campusnet: AbqW1b-...)
– Getting model files for the workshop
• Command: “abaqus fetch job=viewer_tutorial” or
• Extract “viewer_tutorial.odb” from the samples.zip file included in
the abaqus installation: C:\SIMULIA\Abaqus\6.13-3\samples\job_archive

• Supplementary: Creating a more complex model in Abaqus/CAE

– “Appendix C: Using Additional Techniques to Create and Analyze a Model
in Abaqus/CAE”
• http://abaqus.software.polimi.it/v6.14/books/gsa/default.htm?startat=ap03.html
• PDF-version of documentation (Campusnet: AbqW1c-...)
31 DTU Danchip, Technical University of Denmark Topic 1a, Intro to Abaqus/CAE Spring 2018