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Force Measurement

This document discusses various methods for measuring roundness: 1. Diameter gauges measure roundness at multiple points around the circumference but only work for elliptical or even-lobed shapes. 2. Circumferential gauges are useful for large production runs but require an accurate master gauge for each part size. 3. Rotating on centers can be unreliable due to misalignment and center imperfections. 4. V-blocks and three-point probes determine roundness by measuring rise and fall as the part rotates, with different block angles revealing lobe numbers. 5. Accurate spindles provide a calibration standard for precise roundness measurement, especially of bearings.

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Kali Das
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139 views18 pages

Force Measurement

This document discusses various methods for measuring roundness: 1. Diameter gauges measure roundness at multiple points around the circumference but only work for elliptical or even-lobed shapes. 2. Circumferential gauges are useful for large production runs but require an accurate master gauge for each part size. 3. Rotating on centers can be unreliable due to misalignment and center imperfections. 4. V-blocks and three-point probes determine roundness by measuring rise and fall as the part rotates, with different block angles revealing lobe numbers. 5. Accurate spindles provide a calibration standard for precise roundness measurement, especially of bearings.

Uploaded by

Kali Das
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNIT-IV

FORCE MEASUREMENT
ROUNDNESS MEASUREMENT

 Roundness is defined as a condition of a


surface of revolution.
 All the points of the surface are intersected
by any plane perpendicular to a common
axis in case of cylinder and cone.
Device used for Measurement of
Roundness

1. Diameter Gauge

2. Circumferential confining Gauge

3. Rotating on center

4. V- Block

5. Three-point probe

6. Accurate Spindle
1. Diameter Gauge
 The measuring plunger are located 180o a part
and the diameter is measured at several places.
 This method is suitable only when the
specimen is elliptical or it has an even
number of lobes.
 A diameter check does not necessarily
disclose the effective size or roundness.
2. Circumferential conferring Gauge
Circumferential confining Gauge
 It is useful for the inspection of Roundness in large
production.

 This method requires a separate highly accurate


master for each size part to be measured.

 The clearance between part and gauge is critical to


the reliability.

 The technique does not allow for the measurement


of the related geometric characteristics, such as
concentricity, flatness of shoulders etc.
3. Rotating on center
Rotating on center
Rotating on center
 The fig. shows is inspected for the roundness
while mounted on center.

 In this case, the reliability is dependent on many


factors as angle of centers, alignment centers,
roundness and surface condition of the centers.

 Out of straightness of the part will cause a doubling


run out effect and appear to be roundness error.
4. V- Block
V- Block
 The set up employed for assessing the circulating
error by using a v-block is shown in Fig.
 The V-Block is placed on a surface plate and the
work is to be checked is placed upon it.
 A diameter is fixed in a stand and its feeler is made
to rest against the surface of work.
 The work is rotated to measure the rise on fall of
the work piece.
V- Block
 For determining the number of lobes on the
work piece, the work piece is first tested
for 60o V-block and then for 90o V-block.
 The number of lobes is then equal to the
number of times that indicator pointer
deflects through 360o rotation of the work
piece.
Adjustable V- Block

 It can be adjusted to correct the angle to


show out of roundness is a better
choice.
5.Three-point probe
Three-point probe

 The fig. shows three probes with 120o


spacing is very useful for determining
the effective size.
 They perform similar to a V-block.

 A 60o V-block will show no error for 5 but 7


lobes magnify the error.
6.Accurate Spindle
Accurate Spindle
 Accurate spindle method is a method to provide a
definite value for the calibration of roundness
when compared to other method.
 It is more suitable for ball bearing, roller bearing
etc.
 These spindle are available in a wide range of
tolerances.
Roundness Measuring Equipment

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