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    Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented By: Amanda Wilkins

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    Scientists were able to reverse some autism symptoms in mice by blocking a protein called SHANK3. Blocking this protein restored normal behaviors and connections between brain cells in areas related to social behaviors. This finding could potentially lead to new treatments for autism in humans.

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    Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented By: Amanda Wilkins

    Uploaded by

    ieda
    112 views16 pages
    Scientists were able to reverse some autism symptoms in mice by blocking a protein called SHANK3. Blocking this protein restored normal behaviors and connections between brain cells in areas related to social behaviors. This finding could potentially lead to new treatments for autism in humans.

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    asd

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    Scientists were able to reverse some autism symptoms in mice by blocking a protein called SHANK3. Blocking this protein restored normal behaviors and connections between brain cells in areas related to social behaviors. This finding could potentially lead to new treatments for autism in humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    112 views16 pages

    Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) Presented By: Amanda Wilkins

    Uploaded by

    ieda
    Scientists were able to reverse some autism symptoms in mice by blocking a protein called SHANK3. Blocking this protein restored normal behaviors and connections between brain cells in areas related to social behaviors. This finding could potentially lead to new treatments for autism in humans.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    At a glance
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    The key takeaways are that autism spectrum disorders are neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by difficulties with social skills, repetitive behaviors, and communication. The prevalence of autism has been increasing and it affects more boys than girls.

    The main types of autism spectrum disorders discussed are classic autism, Rett syndrome, pervasive developmental disorder - not otherwise specified (PDD-NOS), Asperger's syndrome, and childhood disintegrative disorder.

    Common signs and symptoms of autism discussed include difficulties with social interactions, communication challenges, repetitive behaviors and restricted interests, sensory issues, and regression of skills between ages 1-3 years old.

    Scientists Reverse Autism Symptoms in Mice.

    SciTechDaily. November 22, 2013. Image available at:


    http://scitechdaily.com/scientists-reverse-autism-
    symptoms-in-mice/

    Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD)


    Presented by: Amanda Wilkins
    Overview
     Autism Impact Activity
     Demographics
     Types of Disorders
     Etiology & Pathophysiology
     Signs & Symptoms
     Diagnosis & Lab Values
     Nutritional Status
     Treatments
     Nutrition Care Process
    Activity Time
     What does it feel like to be autistic?
     Sensory Overload

    1. Jiron M, Harris MJ, Kinder M. Interacting with Autism. Health Research


    and Quality. Available at: http://vimeo.com/52193530.
    Demographics
     1 in 68 children;
    ◦ 1 in 42 boys
    ◦ 1 in 189 girls

     Five times more common in boys

     $60,000 cost for a family per year

     All racial, ethnic, and socioeconomic groups; Caucasians are


    highest

     About 50% of children have at least average intellectual ability

     25% with ASD are non-verbal


    2. Baio, J. Prevalence of Autism Spectrum Disorder Among Children Aged 8 Years – Autism and
    Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network, 11 Sites, United States, 2010. Center for
    Disease Control and Prevention. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report. Available at:
    www.cdc.gov/mmwr/preview/mmwrhtml/ss6302a1.htm?s_cid=ss6302a1_w. Accessed on
    March 20, 2013.
    Types of ASD
     Classic Autism

     Rett Syndrome

     Pervasive Developmental Disorder – Not


    Otherwise Specified (PDD-NOS)

     Asperger’s Syndrome

     Childhood Disintegrative Disorder


    3. Autism Spectrum Disorders. American Psychiatric Publishing Association. 2013. Available at:
    http://www.dsm5.org/Documents/Autism%20Spectrum%20Disorder%20Fact%20Sheet.pdf. Accessed on March 20,
    2014.
    4. Boyse K. Autism, Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) and Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD). University
    of Michigan Health System. Available at: http://www.med.umich.edu/yourchild/topics/autism.htm#ad.
    5. Autism Fact Sheet. National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Available at:
    http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm#243573082
    Why did they switch?
     “John's early history was totally normal. By age 2 he was
    speaking in sentences, and he made frequent eye contact
    with his parents, and his older brother. At age 3 1/2 he
    became extremely anxious, frequently awaking at night
    terrified. During the day he would cry inconsolably for long
    periods of time, often repeating the phrase, “it hurts, it
    hurts, make it go away”. After a month, his parents describe
    a steep decline in his communication skills. He began to flap
    his hands, to soil himself, and had no interest in social
    interaction. Extensive medical examinations were conducted
    at 2 pediatric hospitals, failing to reveal anything that might
    explain the regression. At follow-up at age 12 he still was
    not speaking, apart from an occasional single word, and had
    been placed in a school for the severely disabled.”

    6. Autism Program at Yale. Yale School of Medicine. August 02, 2011. Available at:
    http://medicine.yale.edu/childstudy/autism/information/cdd.aspx.
    Etiology
     Genetic
     DNA changes
     Vaccines
     Brain Connections and growth
     Immune System
     Environmental factors
     Serotonin levels
    7. Autism FAQ. Autism Speaks. Available at: www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/faq.
    5. Autism Fact Sheet. National Institue of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Available at: http://
    www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm.
    8. About Autism. Autism Society. Available at: http://www.autism-society.org/about-autism/causes.
    9. Gotts S, Matin A. Social Brain Circuits Disrupted in Autism. National Institute of Mental Health. July 19,
    2012. Available at: http://
    www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2012/social-brain-circuits-disrupted-in-autism.shtml. Accessed on
    March 10, 2014.
    10. Casanova MF, El-Baz AS, and Suri JS. 2013. Imaging the brain in autism. New York, NY: Springer. Available
    at: http://link.springer.com.ezproxy.memphis.edu/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4614-6843-1_2/fulltext.html.
    11. Coleman, M. (2005). The neurology of autism. New York: Oxford University Press
    Available at:
    http://web.a.ebscohost.com.ezproxy.memphis.edu/ehost/ebookviewer/ebook/bmxlYmtfXzE0MzM0NV9fQU41?
    sid=5a071554-54d6-4b53-a187-917104eb9a05@sessionmgr4003&vid=1&ppid=pp_79&format=EB&nobk=y
    ASD vs. Healthy Brain

    9. Gotts S, Matin A. Social Brain Circuits Disrupted in Autism. National Institute


    of Mental Health. July 19, 2012. Available at:
    http://www.nimh.nih.gov/news/science-news/2012/social-brain-circuits-
    disrupted-in-autism.shtml.
    Anatomy & Physiology

    12. Treatment for Autism. Brain Performance Center. 2012. Available at:
    http://www.thebrainperformancecenter.com/conditions-and-symptoms/autism-
    spectrum/.
    Signs & Symptoms
     Communication
    ◦ Delayed response to name
    ◦ Babbles then stops talking

     Social Behavior
    ◦ Lonely
    ◦ Misses social cues

     Repetitive Behaviors
     Other Physical and
    Medical Conditions
    13. Associated Medical Conditions. Autism Speaks. Available at: www.autismspeaks.org/what-
    autism/symptoms..
    5. Autism Fact Sheet. National Institue of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. Available at:
    http://www.ninds.nih.gov/disorders/autism/detail_autism.htm .
    14. DSM-5 Autism Spectrum Disorder Guidelines & Criteria Examples. Available at:
    http://depts.washington.edu/dbpeds/Screening%20Tools/DSM-5(ASD.Guidelines)Feb2013.pdf.
    Autism Spectrum Disorder. Dream Health. Image available at:
    http://www.dreamresearchgroup.com/2014/02/autism-spectrum-disorder.html.
    Diagnosis
     Modified Checklist of Autism in Toddlers

     No confirmed medical test

     Multidisciplinary team

     Genetic testing

     Sleep difficulties testing

     Hearing and Vision 15. How is Autism Diagnosed? Autism Speaks. 2014. Available at:
    http://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism/diagnosis.
    16. About Autism Diagnosis. Autism Society. 2013. Available at: http://www.autism-
    society.org/about-autism/diagnosis/.
    17. Tongerloo M, Bor H, Lagro-Janssen A. Detecting Autism Spectrum Disorders in the General
    Practitioner'S Practice. Journal Of Autism & Developmental Disorders [serial online]. August
    2012;42(8):1531-1538. Available from: OmniFile Full Text Mega (H.W. Wilson), Ipswich, MA.
    Accessed March 2, 2014
    18. Bridgemohan C, Hanson E, and Spence S. Autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). Boston
    Children’s Hospital. Available at:http://www.childrenshospital.org/health-
    topics/conditions/autism-spectrum-disorders.
    Lab Values
    ASD Control

    Urinary Protein 103.2 mcg/mL 64.5 mcg/mL

    Urinary Sulfites 107 nmol/mL 2.1 nmol/mL

    Urinary Sulfates 6,819 nmol/mL 3,030 nmol/mL

    Cysteine (s-amino Can be lacking Normal


    acid)
    Vitamins – B Lower Normal

    Omega-3 FAs Lower Normal

    19.Biochemical and Nutrient Issues. Academy of Nutrition and Dieitetics Nutrition


    Care Manual. 2014. Available at: http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org/content.cfm?
    ncm_content_id=110027&highlight=autism
    Treatments
     Early Intervention

     Medications
    ◦ Antipsychotic
    ◦ Antidepressant
    ◦ Stimulant

     Behavior and Communication Approaches

     Dietary Approaches

     Complementary and Alternative Medicine


    20. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Treatment. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
    ◦ Parents Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/treatment.html.
    21. A Parent’s Guide to Autism Spectrum Disorders. National Institute of Mental Health.
    Available at: http://www.nimh.nih.gov/health/publications/a-parents-guide-to-autism-
    spectrum-disorder/index.shtml.
    22. Rokuskie P., Ignasiak M, and Vega V. The Parent’s Perspectives on Autism Spectrum
    Disorders. ReachMD. 2014. Available at: http://www.reachmd.com/xmsegment.aspx?
    sid=6812&&17&utm_source=ReachMD+Distribution&utm_campaign=bb423552db-
    ReachMD_Newsletter_09_09_2013&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_9f0d11fa3d-
    bb423552db-13524921.
    Nutritional Treatment
     Thinner Bones

     GI discomfort

     Adding vitamins and minerals

     Gluten-Free or Casein-Free diets

     Most often combined Gluten and Diary Free


    23. Winburn E, Charlton J, McConachie H, et. al. Parents’ and Child Health Professionals’
    Attitudes Towards Dietary Interventions for Children with Autism Spectrum Disorders. J Autism
    diets Dev Disorders. September 9, 2013. 44:747–757. DOI 10.1007/s10803-013-1922-8.
    19. Biochemical and Nutrient Issues. Academy of Nutrition and Dieitetics Nutrition Care Manual.
    2014. Available at: http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org/content.cfm?
    ncm_content_id=110027&highlight=autism.
    24. Nutritional Therapy. Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human
    Development. January 16, 2014. Available at:
    http://www.nichd.nih.gov/health/topics/autism/conditioninfo/Pages/nutritional-therapy.aspx
    Nutrition Care Process
     Each child is unique

     Use a multidisciplinary team

     Look for addition genetic disorders

     Try a gluten-free, caesin-free diet for nutritional


    support

     Make the child as comfortable as possible


    throughout the process
    25. Goldstein, S., & Naglieri, J. A. (2013). Interventions for autism spectrum disorders:
    Translating science into practice. New York, NY: Springer.
    http://www.nutritioncaremanual.org/content.cfm?ncm_content_id=110027&highlight
    =autism
    Thank You!

    http://www.williamsburgfamilies.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/03/autism-hands.png

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