Matter Mass Weight Density

Matter:
Matter is any substance or material that occupies space and has

mass. Matter can exist as a Solid, Liquid or Gas. These are
called the three states of matter. For example: Wood, Chair, Soil,
Animals etc.
Matters are of 2 types
I) Living Matter :Man, Animal etc
II) Non - Living Matter: Chair, Soil, Building etc
Energy:
Energy is the capacity of a body to do work. Both people &
machines use energy to do work. For example: Light, Heat,
Sound etc.
Mass: Mass is the amount of matter in something. it depends on
the number of atoms it contains and the size of those atoms. it is
a basic property of an object and cannot be changed by the
location, shape and speed of the object.
The SI unit for mass is the Kilogram (kg).
Gravitational field strength (G. F. S): The gravitational field

strength, g, is defined as gravitational force acting per unit mass
on an object. on earth, the gravitational field strength is 10 N/kg.
i.e a 1 kg object has a force of 10 N pulling on it due to earth.
G.F.S on the moon is 1.6 N/kg.

Weight: The weight of a body is the gravitational force with
which the earth attracts the body. The weight of a body is the
force that causes it be accelerated down word with the
acceleration of gravity (g)
Weight= Mass  Gravitational field strength

W=mg
where,
m=Mass of the object
g=Gravitational field strength
Weight is measured in Newton (the unit for force)

A 100 kg man slides down a rope at constant speed
What minimum breaking strength must the rope have?
Since the man slides down at constant speed, the rope must
support his weight.
So here
W=mg
=100  10 = 1000N
Total mass of an object is 120 kg. What will be:
I) Weight on Earth?
II) Weight on the Moon?
III) Mass on the Moon?
Here,
II) weight on moon,
Mass, m = 120 kg
Wmoon = m  gmoon
on earth gearth = 10N/kg
= 120  1.6
on moon gmoon = 1.6 N/kg
= 192N Ans
I) weight on earth,
Wearth = m  gearth
III) Mass on moon = 120 kg Ans
=120  10
=1200N Ans
Difference between Mass and Weight
Mass Weight
I) is the amount of matter in I) is the pull of gravity on the
the body body
II) has only magnitude but no II)Weight has both magnitude
direction
and direction
III)is measured in kilograms III)is measured in Newton
IV)Mass is constant IV)changes from place to
place
A rock on the moon has a mass of 0.5 kg. It is brought to the earth where the gravitationa
field is strong. On the earth the rock will have:
i) less mass & less weight ii) less mass & same weight
iii) the same mass & same weight iv) the same mass & more weight
If a person has a mass of 60 kg on the earth, how much will be
weight on the moon.
Mass, m = 60 kg g=1.6 N/kg
weight on earth,
W = m  g =60  1.6 =96N Ans
Volume: Volume is the amount of space something takes up.
Volume= length  height  width
The SI unit of volume is the cubic meter(m 3).
1 The volume of a liquid is measured in liter.

m
1m
Here Volume = 1 m  1m  1m = 1 m3
Density: The density of a substance is defined as the amount of
matter contained in a unit volume of the substance.
Density Mass p = Density
Volume
m= Mass
p m
v v = Volume
The SI unit of density is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m 3)

Density of some common substance
Substance Density Substance Density

Air 1.29 Ice 920
Pure water 1000 Aluminum 2700
Sea water 1025 lead 11000
Mercury 13600 Gold 19000
If we take same volume of water and mercury then which one is
more heavier and why?
Mercury is much heavier than water because the density of
mercury is more then the density of water.
A box 0.4 m long, 0.3 m wide and 0.1 m height, has a density of
2500 kg/m3. Calculate its mass.
V=l  w  h Here,
= 0.4  0.3  0.1 Length(l) = 0.4 m
= 0.012m3 Wide (w) = 0.3 m
We know Height(h) = 0.1 m
p m
v
Density(P)= 2500 kg/m3
m= p  v
= 2500  0.012
= 30 kg Ans
A 500 cm3 glass flask is filled with oxygen and measure. The
mass is found to be 50.72 g. By means of a vacuum pump, the
oxygen is then removed and the glass flask is again measured.
The new mass is found to be 50.00 g. Calculate the density of
oxygen.
mass of oxygen = (m1 – m2) Here,
= (50.72 – 50.00) Mass(m1) = 50.72 g
= 0.72 g Mass(m2) = 50.00
We know g
p m
v Volume(v)= 500 cm 3
= 0.72 / 500 = 0.00144 g/cm3 Ans

A block of aluminum has a volume of 2m 3 and the density of 2700
kg/m3. What is its mass?
We know
p m
v
m =p  v = 2700 kg/m3  2 m3 =5400 kgAns

Matter Mass Weight Density

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Matter:

Matter is any substance or material that occupies space and has

II) Non - Living Matter: Chair, Soil, Building etc

The SI unit for mass is the Kilogram (kg).

Gravitational field strength (G. F. S): The gravitational field

i.e a 1 kg object has a force of 10 N pulling on it due to earth.

G.F.S on the moon is 1.6 N/kg.

Weight= Mass  Gravitational field strength

Weight is measured in Newton (the unit for force)

1 The volume of a liquid is measured in liter.

The SI unit of density is kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m 3)

Substance Density Substance Density

= 0.72 / 500 = 0.00144 g/cm3 Ans

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