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LESSON 3 - Greatest Common Factor and Least Common Multiples

The next time they will exercise together will be 24 days from today.

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Rae Ann Ines
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336 views30 pages

LESSON 3 - Greatest Common Factor and Least Common Multiples

The next time they will exercise together will be 24 days from today.

Uploaded by

Rae Ann Ines
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Greatest Common Factor and

Least Common Multiples

GCF and LCM


GCF
How would you find the
GCF of 60 and 96?
Methods to find GCF
There are actually 3 ways. You can
use
• prime factorization,
• birthday cake method/ladder or list
method or
• write out all the factors for each
number.
List Method
GCF 60 and 96

60 -1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 10, 12, 15, 20, 30, 60

96 – 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 16, 24, 32, 48, 96


Prime factorization method. Circle all the primes
the 2 numbers have in common and multiply one
set of them to get your GCF.
96
60

2 48
2 30

2 24
2 15

2 12
3 5
2 6

2 x 2 x 3 = 12
2 3
Birthday Cake or Ladder Method
1

1 2 2

2 2
GCF
2 4
2 4 2 X 2 X 3 = 12
2 8
3 12
2 16

5 60
2 32

3 96
Multiple
A number that is the product of a given
number and a whole number

• Example:
Least Common Multiple (LCM)

The least number other than zero,


that is a multiple of two or more
given numbers
Example List Method:
– multiples of 6: 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36
– multiples of 9: 9, 18, 27, 36, 45, 54
– The LCM of 6 and 9 is 18.
Least Common Multiple (LCM)

There are 3 ways to find the LCM.


• list the multiples of the numbers
• multiply the numbers times each other and
divide by the GCF.
• You can use the Indian Method/Ladder
Method (you must divide by prime numbers
only).

Find the LCM of 12 and 18


LIST METHOD
• Multiples of 12 are…

12,24,36,48,60,72,….

• Multiples of 18 are…

18,36,54,72,90,108,…

The smallest multiple the 2 numbers


have in common is the least common
multiple.
Prime factorization. Write down the number they have
in common only once, then write down the leftover
numbers. Multiply them all together.

12 18

4 2 9
3

3 3
2 2

Numbers in common are 2 and 3


Leftover numbers are 2 and 3
2 x 3 x 2 x 3 = 36
DIVIDE BY GCF METHOD
Find LCM of 12 and 18
1st Find GCF – list all factors or use your
favorite method.
12 – 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12
18 – 1, 2, 3, 6, 9, 18
2nd Multiply 12 x 18 = 216
3rd Divide 216 ÷ 6 = 36
Find the LCM of 35, 420 and
245
420 245

10 42 5 49
35

2 5 7 7
6 7

5 7
3 2

Numbers they have in common: 5 and 7


Leftover numbers: 2, 3, 2, 7
Multiply them all together: 5 x 7 x 2 x 3 x 2 x 7 = 2,940
How do you solve real world problems using the
Greatest Common Factor or Least Common
Multiple?

Pierce swims every fourth day and Joshua swims


every third day. If they both swim on the first of
the month, on what date will they both swim
together again?
In this lesson you will learn when to
use the GCF and LCM to find
solutions by looking at real world
problems.
A Common Misunderstanding

Misreading the problem.

Misinterpreting the solution.


Core Lesson

Close Read the Problem

Pierce swims every fourth day and Joshua swims


every third day. If they both swim on the first of
the month, on what date will they both swim
together again?
Organize Information
Core Lesson

Swims every Multiples

Pierce 4 days {4, 8, 12, 16, 20…}


Joshua 3 days
{3, 6, 9, 12, 15…}

The LCM of 4 and 3 is 12.


answer statement:
The next time Pierce and Joshua swim together will be on
the 12th day of the month.
Core Lesson Close Read the Problem

Nhya has 16 girls and 12 boys in his class. He helps


his teacher by making groups which have the same
combination of girls and boys. What is the largest
number of groups that can be made without leaving
anyone out?
Organize Information
Core Lesson

Class Factors

girls 16 { 1, 2, 4, 8, 16}
boys 12
{ 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 12}

The GCF of 16 and 12 is 4.


answer statement:
The largest amount of groups with the same
combination of girls and boys would be 4.
GCF Example: Applying what we
have learned…
• Samantha has two pieces of cloth. One piece
is 72 inches wide and the other piece is 90
inches wide. She wants to cut both pieces into
strips of equal width that are as wide as
possible. How wide should she cut the strips?
Samantha has two pieces of cloth. One piece is 72
inches wide and the other piece is 90 inches wide. She
wants to cut both pieces into strips of equal width that
are as wide as possible. How wide should she cut the
strips?

• K: The pieces of cloth are 72 and 90


inches wide.
• W: How wide should she cut the strips
so that they are the largest possible
equal lengths.
Samantha has two pieces of cloth. One piece is 72
inches wide and the other piece is 90 inches wide. She
wants to cut both pieces into strips of equal width that
are as wide as possible. How wide should she cut the
strips?

• L: This problem can be solved using


Greatest Common Factor because we
are cutting or “dividing” the strips of
cloth into smaller pieces (factor) of 72
and 90.
• Find the GCF of 72 and 90
GCF Word Problem Solution

2 l 72 2 l 90
2 l 36 3 l 45
2 l 18 3 l 15
3l9 5l5
3l3 1
1

72 = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 x 3
90 = 2 x 3 x 3 x 5

GCF = 2 x 3 x 3 = 18
Samantha should cut each piece to be 18 inches wide
If it is an LCM Problem
• What is the question asking us?
• Do we have an event that is or will be
repeating over and over?
• Will we have to purchase or get multiple items
in order to have enough?
• Are we trying to figure out when something
will happen again at the same time?
LCM Example: Applying what we
have learned…
• Ben exercises every 12 days and Isabel every 8
days. Ben and Isabel both exercised today.
How many days will it be until they exercise
together again?
Ben exercises every 12 days and Isabel every 8
days. Ben and Isabel both exercised today. How
many days will it be until they exercise together
again?

• K: Ben exercises every 12 days and


Isabel every 8 days and they both
exercised today.
• W: How many days is it until they will
both exercise on the same day again.
Ben exercises every 12 days and Isabel every 8
days. Ben and Isabel both exercised today. How
many days will it be until they exercise together
again?

• L: This problem can be solved using


Least Common Multiple. We are trying
to figure out when will be the next
time they are exercising together.

• Find the LCM of 12 and 8.


LCM Word Problem Solution

2 l 12 2l8
2l6 2l4
3l3 2l2

1 1
12 = 2 x 2 x 3
8=2x2x2
LCM = 2 x 2 x 2 x 3 = 24

Ben and Isabel would exercise on the same day every 24 days.

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