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    Fatigue

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    AvinashRai
    Fatigue is the damage accumulated through repeated cyclic loading and unloading. It is influenced by factors like the type and amplitude of stress, surface finish, material properties, and environment. Fatigue life is reduced by higher stress amplitudes and mean stresses. The Goodman diagram and S-N curves show how mean stress and stress amplitude affect fatigue life. Miner's rule allows estimation of fatigue damage from variable amplitude loading based on the number of cycles at each stress range. Fatigue tests involve cyclic loading of specimens in tension, compression, bending or other patterns to determine fatigue properties.

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    Fatigue

    Uploaded by

    AvinashRai
    90 views10 pages
    Fatigue is the damage accumulated through repeated cyclic loading and unloading. It is influenced by factors like the type and amplitude of stress, surface finish, material properties, and environment. Fatigue life is reduced by higher stress amplitudes and mean stresses. The Goodman diagram and S-N curves show how mean stress and stress amplitude affect fatigue life. Miner's rule allows estimation of fatigue damage from variable amplitude loading based on the number of cycles at each stress range. Fatigue tests involve cyclic loading of specimens in tension, compression, bending or other patterns to determine fatigue properties.

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    Fatigue is the damage accumulated through repeated cyclic loading and unloading. It is influenced by factors like the type and amplitude of stress, surface finish, material properties, and environment. Fatigue life is reduced by higher stress amplitudes and mean stresses. The Goodman diagram and S-N curves show how mean stress and stress amplitude affect fatigue life. Miner's rule allows estimation of fatigue damage from variable amplitude loading based on the number of cycles at each stress range. Fatigue tests involve cyclic loading of specimens in tension, compression, bending or other patterns to determine fatigue properties.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    90 views10 pages

    Fatigue

    Uploaded by

    AvinashRai
    Fatigue is the damage accumulated through repeated cyclic loading and unloading. It is influenced by factors like the type and amplitude of stress, surface finish, material properties, and environment. Fatigue life is reduced by higher stress amplitudes and mean stresses. The Goodman diagram and S-N curves show how mean stress and stress amplitude affect fatigue life. Miner's rule allows estimation of fatigue damage from variable amplitude loading based on the number of cycles at each stress range. Fatigue tests involve cyclic loading of specimens in tension, compression, bending or other patterns to determine fatigue properties.

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    Fatigue

    Definition: Damage accumulated through the


    application of repeated stress cycles

    Variable amplitude loadings cause different


    levels of fatigue

    Fatigue is cumulative through the life of an


    engineering element
    Factors Affecting Fatigue Life
    Loading Conditions
     Type of stress
     Stress amplitude, mean value
    Condition of Specimen/Structural Member
     Stress concentrations
     Surface finish
    Material
     Thermal history (e.g. grain size in metals)
    Environmental conditions
     Temperature
     Corrosion effects
    Loading Characteristics
    Effect of Mean Stresses

    ult
    a a
    m>0
    m=0

    No mean stress Mean Stresses


    reduce the stress
    range
    Stress Amplitude vs. Mean
    Goodman Relationship: lower the mean
    stresses, the greater the allowable
    stress amplitude for the same life.

    a a m
     1
    f  f u

    u m
    Example: Goodman Diagram
    If f=u/2, m=u/2,
    What is the max and min  that can be applied?

    a

    u/2f min= u/4 max= 3u/4

    u/4f

    u m
    u/2m
    Stress vs. Number of Cycles
    S-N Diagram

    Lower mean stress


    Miner’s Rule
    Damage from variable loadings is related to the life
    consumed by number of cycles at each particular
    STRESS RANGE. The summation of life consumed at
    each stress range must be less than 1 to avoid
    failure.

    where: ni/Nfi  1
    ni = number of repetitions applied at i
    Nfi = number of repetitions to cause failure at a stress
    range, i
    (ni < Nfi)
    Example problem - Miner’s Rule
    Stress Range, No. Applied No. Cycles to
    i (ksi) Cycles, Ni Failure,Nfi

    3 900 10,000
    5 50 500

    Ni/Nfi = 900/10,000 + 50/500 


    = 0.09 + 0.10
    = 0.19 5
    0.19 < 1.0  OK 3
    Used 19% of fatigue life,
    81% remains Log N
    500 10,000
    Fatigue tests
    1. Beam Fatigue 2. Tension- Compression

    V
    3. Others

    M Loading Patterns:
    1. Reverse stresses, + to -
    M 2. Alternate zero to some maximum
    2c
    3. Alternate above some base value
    max = Mc/I

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