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Introduction To Computer: Department of Computer & Software Technology by Kiramat Rahman

The document introduces the basic components and functions of a computer system. It describes how computers perform five basic operations: input, storage, processing, output, and control. It then explains the roles of the main components - the input and output units, storage units, and central processing unit. The input unit receives data and instructions, the storage unit holds data and instructions during processing, and the output unit displays the results. The CPU controls all other units and performs arithmetic and logical operations. Finally, it defines a computer system as comprising logically related elements that work together under control to achieve a goal.

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68 views16 pages

Introduction To Computer: Department of Computer & Software Technology by Kiramat Rahman

The document introduces the basic components and functions of a computer system. It describes how computers perform five basic operations: input, storage, processing, output, and control. It then explains the roles of the main components - the input and output units, storage units, and central processing unit. The input unit receives data and instructions, the storage unit holds data and instructions during processing, and the output unit displays the results. The CPU controls all other units and performs arithmetic and logical operations. Finally, it defines a computer system as comprising logically related elements that work together under control to achieve a goal.

Uploaded by

dangerman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Computer

Department of Computer & Software Technology


By
Kiramat Rahman

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 1
Out line
 Basic operation performed by all computer
 Basic organization of Computer System
 Input Unit and its function
 Output Unit and its function
 Storage Unit and its function
 Types of storage used in computer system

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 2
Basic Function Performed by
Computer
 All Computer system perform the following five basic
operation for converting raw input data into useful
information and presentation it to user.

1. Inputting: Process of entering data and instructions


into a computer system.

2. Storing: Saving data and instructions to make them


readily available for initial or additional processing as
and when required.

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 3
3. Processing:
 Performing arithmetic operations
 ( add, subtract, multiply, divide, etc.), or
 logical operations ( comparisons like equal

to, less than, greater than, etc.) on data


 to convert them into useful information.

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 4
4. Outputting:
 Process of producing useful information or

results for a user, such as printed report or


visual display.
5. Controlling:
 Directing the manner and sequence in which

the above operations are performed.

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 5
Basic organization of Computer System

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 6
Input Unit
In computer an input unit is any piece of
computer hardware equipment that provide
data and instruction to the computer system.
 Input unit takes or reads data or instruction

from the outside world in human


understandable format and converts it into
computer understandable form and send it to
computer system

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 7
Input Unit Cont…..

 Keyboads
 Pointing Device(mouse, light pen, joysticks,

pointing sticks)
 Composite devices (Game controller,

Gamepad or joypad)
 Imaging and video input devices (canner, web

cam, digital camera, bar code reader)


 Audio input devices( microphone, MIDI

keyboard or other digital musical instrument)

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 8
Output Unit
 It accepts the results produced by the
computer, which are in coded form and
hence, cannot be easily understood by us.
 It convert these coded results to human

accept (readable) form


 It supplies the converted results to outside

world

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 9
Storage Unit
 Data and instruction required for
processing(received from input devices)
 Intermediate results of processing
 Final results of processing, before they are

released to an output device.

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 10
Two Types of Storage
Primary Storage
 Used to hold running program instructions
 Used to hold data, intermediate results, and

results of ongoing processing of jobs


 Fast in operation
 Small capacity
 Expensive
 Volatile(looses data on power dissipation)

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 11
Secondary storage
 Used to hold stored program instructions
 Used to hold data and information of stored

jobs
 Slower than primary storage
 Large capacity
 Lot cheaper that primary storage
 Retains data even without power

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 12
Central Processing Unit
 Its brain of Computer
 Arithmetic Logic unit + Control Unit = CPU
 Its is responsible for controlling the operation

of all other units of a computer system


 ALU
 Arithmetic Logic Unit of a computer system is

the place where the actual executions of


instructions takes place during processing
operation

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 13
CPU cont….
 Control Unit
 Control unit of a computer system manages

and coordinates the operation of all other


components of the computer system.

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 14
The System Concept
 A system has following three characteristics
1. A system has more than one element
2. All elements of a system are logically related
3. All elements of a system are controlled in a
manner to achieve the system goal
A computer is a system as it comprises of
integrated components (input unit, output unit,
storage unit, and CPU) that work together to
perform the steps called for in the executing
program

Department of Computer &


Software Technology 10/15/2020 15
Q&A
Department of Computer &
Software Technology 10/15/2020 16

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