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    ME-311 Machine Design - Lecture 6

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Zun Nooren Bangash
    This document summarizes a lecture on machine design related to screws, fasteners, and connections. It discusses thread standards and definitions, power screws, threaded stresses, bolted joints, torque requirements, and the selection and design of nuts, bolts, and other threaded components. Key points include formulas for calculating stresses in screws based on thread parameters, requirements for pre-load and fatigue strength in bolted joints, and guidelines for proper washer usage and tightening of threaded fasteners.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    ME-311 Machine Design - Lecture 6

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Zun Nooren Bangash
    29 views17 pages
    This document summarizes a lecture on machine design related to screws, fasteners, and connections. It discusses thread standards and definitions, power screws, threaded stresses, bolted joints, torque requirements, and the selection and design of nuts, bolts, and other threaded components. Key points include formulas for calculating stresses in screws based on thread parameters, requirements for pre-load and fatigue strength in bolted joints, and guidelines for proper washer usage and tightening of threaded fasteners.

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    This document summarizes a lecture on machine design related to screws, fasteners, and connections. It discusses thread standards and definitions, power screws, threaded stresses, bolted joints, torque requirements, and the selection and design of nuts, bolts, and other threaded components. Key points include formulas for calculating stresses in screws based on thread parameters, requirements for pre-load and fatigue strength in bolted joints, and guidelines for proper washer usage and tightening of threaded fasteners.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    29 views17 pages

    ME-311 Machine Design - Lecture 6

    Uploaded by

    Muhammad Zun Nooren Bangash
    This document summarizes a lecture on machine design related to screws, fasteners, and connections. It discusses thread standards and definitions, power screws, threaded stresses, bolted joints, torque requirements, and the selection and design of nuts, bolts, and other threaded components. Key points include formulas for calculating stresses in screws based on thread parameters, requirements for pre-load and fatigue strength in bolted joints, and guidelines for proper washer usage and tightening of threaded fasteners.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    NUST School of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering

    ME-311 Machine Design


    Lecture 6

    Instructor: Dr. Samiur Rahman Shah


    Screws, keys and non-permanent fasteners:
    Design of Screws, Fasteners, and Connections
    Thread Standards & definitions
    Power Screws
    Thread Stresses
    Threaded Fasteners
    Bolted Joints In Tension & Compression
    Torque requirements
    Strength Specifications
    Selection of the Nut
    Bolt Pre-Load & Fatigue Strength
    Page 2
    Screws, Keys and Couplings, Screws:
    Gasket Joints
    Bolt & Riveted Joints in  Shear
    Centroid of Bolt/ Rivet Groups
    Eccentric Loading of Bolt & Rivet Joints
    Keys, Pins & Retainers.

    Page 3
    • Power screws - continued
    For power applications, a thrust collar is incorporated
    In figure b, the force is shown to be concentrated around the
    collar diameter dc
    If fc is the friction coefficient on the collar, then
    Ff c d c
    Tc 
    2
    For large collars, the
    torque should be
    calculated similar to
    clutches

    Page 4
    • Thread stresses
    Nominal body stress in power screws can be related to the
    thread parameters as follows
    Shear stress in general is expressed as
    T r
    
    Ip
    Ip = polar second moment of area
    Nominal shear stress in screw body
    16T
     3
    d r

    Page 5
    Axial stress due to load on screw body is
    F 4F
      2 Symbol Quantity
    A d r Sy Yield Strength
    For a short column k Radius of gyration
    C Column end-condition
    F  Sy l  1
       S y    l Length of column
     A  crit  2 k  CE
    The bearing stress for the threads of
    a power screw is
    F 2F
    B  
    d m nt p 2 d m nt p
    nt is the number of engaged threads

    Page 6
    Bending stress at the thread root is found from
    I  d r nt  p 2
    2
     Fp
      d r nt p 2 M
    c 6 24 4
    so
    M Fp 24 F 6F
    b   
    I c 4 d r nt p 2 d r nt p
    The transverse shear stress τ at the center of the root due to
    load F is
    3V 3 F 3F
      
    2 A 2 d r nt p 2 d r nt p

    Page 7
    From the coordinate system noted in the diagram, we have
    the orthogonal stresses and shear stress components as
    shown
    6F  xy  0
    x 
    d r nt p
    16T
    y 0  yz  3
    d r
    4F
    z    zx  0
    d r
    2

    The maximum-strain-energy hypothesis predicts that failure by yielding


    occurs when the total strain energy in a unit volume reaches or exceeds
    the strain energy in the same volume corresponding to the yield strength
    in tension or compression

     
    1
    2
     2 2 2 2 2

     1    2    3   6 xy   yz   zx 
    2 12

    Page 8
    Screw-thread form is complicated from an analysis standpoint
    At comes from experimentation
    A power screw in compression is shortened
    The engaging nut is lengthened
    The engaged threads cannot share the load equally
    Some experiments show that the first thread shares 0.38 of
    the load, the second 0.25, the third 0.18 and the seventh is
    free from load
    Substituting 0.38F for F and nt = 1 will give the maximum
    stress in a thread-nut combination

    Page 9
    Page 10
    Page 11
    • Coefficients of friction and safe working pressures

    Page 12
    • Threaded fasteners
    Stresses concentrated at the
    fillet, at the start of the threads,
    and the thread-root fillets
    The thread length of metric
    bolts, where D is the nominal
    diameter in mm is given at right
    Ideally, only one or two threads
    should surpass the nut
    Washers should always be used
    to avoid stress concentrations
    due to burrs

    Page 13
    • Threaded fasteners
    Washers should always be used to avoid stress concentrations
    due to burrs
    Rounded face should contact bolt head
    Washers may be used under the nut too
    Clamping load elongates the bolt
    This elongation ensures a pre-load
    Bolt should be held stationary so that no torsional loads be
    imposed on the bolt body
    During tightening of nuts, generally the first thread yields,
    work hardens, and then spreads load over three threads
    Nuts should not be reused
    Page 14
    Page 15
    Page 16
    Thank you

    Page 17

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