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Advanced Microprocessors

The document discusses several Intel microprocessors: the 80286 introduced memory management and protected mode, the 80386 was a 32-bit processor that supported up to 4GB of memory, and the 80486 had an integrated floating point unit and pipelining to improve performance. It provides details on the features and specifications of each processor and compares them to their predecessors. Overall, it traces the evolution of Intel microprocessors from the 80286 through the 80486.

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Ayush Duseja
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92 views19 pages

Advanced Microprocessors

The document discusses several Intel microprocessors: the 80286 introduced memory management and protected mode, the 80386 was a 32-bit processor that supported up to 4GB of memory, and the 80486 had an integrated floating point unit and pipelining to improve performance. It provides details on the features and specifications of each processor and compares them to their predecessors. Overall, it traces the evolution of Intel microprocessors from the 80286 through the 80486.

Uploaded by

Ayush Duseja
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Advanced Microprocessors

80286,80386 and 80486


i3,i5 and i7
80286
 80286 is an first advanced Processor with Memory management
unit and Protection abilities
 24 bit address bus available which can address 16 Mbytes of
Physical memory
 It runs with 12.5Mhz clock frequency
 It is compatible with its predecessors like 8086 and 8088
processors
 It works in 2 operating modes like
 Address mode &
 Virtual Address mode
 Real Address mode: 80286 can address up to 1Mb of
physical memory address like 8086
 Virtual Address mode:it can address up to 16 Mb of
physical memory address space and 1 Gb of virtual
memory address space
 In real address mode, the 80286 is object code
compatible with 8086.
 In protected virtual address mode, it is source code
compatible with 8086
Comparison between 8086 and 80286
 8086  80286
 Intel 8086 was developed in 1978  Intel 80286 was developed 1983
 It has almost 3000 different  More instructions available
instruction for programming compared to 8086
 Peripheral ICs are not available on  Peripheral ICs are available on
board Board
 Operating frequencies are between  Operating frequencies are between
5 to 10MHz 8 to 12.5MHz
 No memory management capability  80286 has memory management
 20 bit address line, which can capability that maps 2^30 (1GB)
access 2^20=1MB memory virtual memory
 8086 operates in Real addressing
 Operates in Real mode and
mode protection mode
 808286 is high speed processor
 Slow performance compared with compared with 8086. almost 6 times
80286 .
 Push , pop and push immediately
 Push and pop instructions are used instructions are availabe
to store in stack memory
Features of 80386
 It is an 32 bit processor that supports 8,16 and 32-bit operands.
 It has 32 bit registers , 32 bit internal and external bus and 32 bit
address bus
 Due to 32 bit address bus, it can address up to 4 GB of physical
memory
 It can support total virtual memory space almost 64 terra byte
 It is available in 275 K transistors
 Its operating clock speed is 16 Mhz to 33Mhz
 This processor has memory management unit with a segmentation
unit and paging unit
 It operates in Real, Protected and virtual mode
 Its 80386 instructions set is upward compatible with all its
predecessors
 80386 processor supports intel 80387 numeric data processor.
Comparison between 80286 and 80386
80286 80386
 Intel 80286 was developed in  Intel 80386 was developed in
1983 and it is advanced 1985 and it is advanced
version of 80186 version of 80286
 16 bit processor  32 bit processor
 275K transistor in 132 pin IC
 134K transistor in a 68 pin IC
 32 bit data and 32 bit address
 24 bit address lines , 16 MB
lines , 4GB of physical
of physical memory can be address it can support
accessed  Supports numeric processors
 80286 support numeric  It is having 16 byte prefetch
processors queue
 8 byte prefetch queue
Features of 80486
 It has complete 32 bit architecture
 It is available in 25 Mhz, 33Mhz, 50Mhz and 100Mhz clock
frequency versions
 More pipe lining has been introduced to improve the performance
 Floating point unit is integrated with 80486 processor and hence the
delay in communication between CPU and FPU has been eliminated
 For fast execution of complex instructions, 80486 has 5 stage
pipelining 2- decoding and 3 for execution
 Clock doubling and clock tripling technology is incorporated in faster
versions of intel 80486 cpu
 Power management mode is standard feature of 80486

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