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Primary or Fundamental Data Types: - Int - Float - Double - Char - Void

The document discusses different primary or fundamental data types in C programming including integer (int), floating point (float and double), character (char), and void. It provides details on the size and range of these data types for a 16-bit machine. It also explains qualifiers like long, short, signed, and unsigned that can modify the basic data types and alter their size or sign. Finally, it covers the void data type and how variables must be declared before use, stating the name and type.

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Maruf Ahmed
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35 views13 pages

Primary or Fundamental Data Types: - Int - Float - Double - Char - Void

The document discusses different primary or fundamental data types in C programming including integer (int), floating point (float and double), character (char), and void. It provides details on the size and range of these data types for a 16-bit machine. It also explains qualifiers like long, short, signed, and unsigned that can modify the basic data types and alter their size or sign. Finally, it covers the void data type and how variables must be declared before use, stating the name and type.

Uploaded by

Maruf Ahmed
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Primary or Fundamental data types

All C compilers support five fundamental data types:


• int - integer: a whole number.
• float - floating point value: a number with a fractional
part.
• double - a double-precision floating point value.
• char - a single character.
• void - valueless special purpose type which we will
examine closely in later sections.
Size and Range of Data types on a 16-bit machine
Primary or Fundamental data types
• Integers are whole numbers that can have both positive
and negative values but no decimal values. Example: 0, -5,
10
• In C programming, keyword int is used for declaring integer
variable.
• Floating type variables can hold real numbers such as: 2.34,
-9.382, 5.0 etc.
• You can declare a floating point variable in C by using either
float or double keyword.
Difference among float, double and long double
void data type

• The void type has no values.


• This is usually used to specify the type of functions.
• The type of a function is said to be void when it does not
return any value to the calling function.
• Examples: void main (), void main (void)
character data type

• A single character can be defined as a character (char) type


data.
• Characters are usually stored in 8 bits (one byte) of internal
storage.
• The qualifier signed or unsigned may be explicitly applied
to char.
• unsigned char have values between 0 to 255
• signed char have values from -128 to 127
C Qualifiers: Size Qualifiers

• Size qualifiers alters the size of a basic type.


• There are two size qualifiers, long and short.
• For example: long double i;
• The size of double is 8 bytes. However, when long keyword
is used, that variable becomes 10 bytes.
• There is another keyword short which can be used if the
programmer previously know the value of a variable will
always be a small number.
C Qualifiers: Sign qualifiers
• Integers and floating point variables can hold both negative
and positive values.
• However, if a variable needs to hold positive value only,
unsigned data types are used.
• There is another qualifier signed which can hold both negative
and positive only. However, it is not necessary to define
variable signed since a variable is signed by default.
• An integer variable of 4 bytes can hold data from
-231 to 231-1. However, if the variable is defined as
unsigned, it can hold data from 0 to 232-1.
character data type
Declaration of Variables
• After designing suitable variable names, we must declare
them to the compiler.
• Declaration does two things:
• It tells the compiler what the variable name is.
• It specifies what type of data the variable will hold.
• The declaration of variables must be done before they are
used in the program.
Declaration of Variables
Declaration of Variables
Declaration of Variables

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