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    Practical For NDT (RI) : by Untung Budi

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    suka baca buku
    This document discusses non-destructive testing methods, focusing on radiographic testing. It describes different radiographic testing methods including single wall single image, double wall single image, and double wall double image. It also discusses radiographic film quality indicators like density, contrast, definition, and sensitivity. Various radiographic film techniques and exposure factors are explained. Advantages and disadvantages of radiographic testing are provided. Preparation for interpreting radiographic films is outlined.

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    Practical For NDT (RI) : by Untung Budi

    Uploaded by

    suka baca buku
    64 views17 pages
    This document discusses non-destructive testing methods, focusing on radiographic testing. It describes different radiographic testing methods including single wall single image, double wall single image, and double wall double image. It also discusses radiographic film quality indicators like density, contrast, definition, and sensitivity. Various radiographic film techniques and exposure factors are explained. Advantages and disadvantages of radiographic testing are provided. Preparation for interpreting radiographic films is outlined.

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    This document discusses non-destructive testing methods, focusing on radiographic testing. It describes different radiographic testing methods including single wall single image, double wall single image, and double wall double image. It also discusses radiographic film quality indicators like density, contrast, definition, and sensitivity. Various radiographic film techniques and exposure factors are explained. Advantages and disadvantages of radiographic testing are provided. Preparation for interpreting radiographic films is outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    64 views17 pages

    Practical For NDT (RI) : by Untung Budi

    Uploaded by

    suka baca buku
    This document discusses non-destructive testing methods, focusing on radiographic testing. It describes different radiographic testing methods including single wall single image, double wall single image, and double wall double image. It also discusses radiographic film quality indicators like density, contrast, definition, and sensitivity. Various radiographic film techniques and exposure factors are explained. Advantages and disadvantages of radiographic testing are provided. Preparation for interpreting radiographic films is outlined.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 17

    Practical for NDT

    (RI)

    By Untung Budi
    Testing of Weld

    A DT Destructive Test
    B NDT ( Non Destructive Test)
    – Visual
    – PT ( penetrant Test)
    – MPI (Magnetic Particle Test)
    – UT( Ultrasonic Test) advances call Phased Array UT
    – RT(Radiographic Test)
    RT

    – X Tray
    – Gama Ray
    – Iridium 192(75 day)
    – Caesium 137(30 year)
    – Radium 226(1600year)
    – Thuium 170+(130 day)
    – Chobal Co 60(5.3Year)
    X - Rays Gamma Rays

    Electrically generated Generated by the


    decay of unstable
    atoms
    Source

    Radiation beam Image quality indicator

    10fe16
    Radiographic film Test specimen
    Density - relates to the
    degree of darkness

    Contrast - relates to the degree of difference

    Definition - relates to the degree of sharpness

    Sensitivity - relates to the overall quality of the


    radiograph
    7FE12

    Step / Hole type IQI Wire type IQI


     Single Wall Single Image (SWSI)
    - film inside, source outside
     Single Wall Single Image (SWSI) panoramic
    - film outside, source inside (internal exposure)
     Double Wall Single Image (DWSI)
    - film outside, source outside (external exposure)
     Double Wall Double Image (DWDI)
    - film outside, source outside (elliptical exposure)
    –  As per table gamma exposure chart
    T
    T :Time exposure
    EF :Exposure Factor
    D(sfd) :Distance Source to film
    I : Curie
    Example:
    If you had a 50 curie source of IR-192 and were going to
    radiograph 2 inch steel with source to film distance 20
    inch ,what will be the exposure time that would give a
    density 2 ?
     
    T

    –  
    T
    T minutes
    Advantages
     - Permanent record
     - Little surface preparation
     - Defect identification
     - No material type limitation
     - Not so reliant upon operator skill
     -Thin materials
    *Expensive consumables
    Disadvantages
    *Bulky equipment
    *Harmful radiation
    *Defect require significant depth in relation to the radiation beam
    *Slow results
    *Very little indication of depths
    *Access to both sides required
    Preparation For Interpretation of Film
    radiographic

    – Procedure To be used is approved


    – Equipment tool to be verification / calibrated
    – Densitometer
    – Step-wedge
    – Viewer ( 30~300 cd/M2)
    – Clear Ruler ( plastic )
    – Pencil mark
    Reference BS 2600P1
    – Type film as per Procedure
    – Defect Film if any
    – Fogging
    – Process Defect( water mark, chemical Stains)
    – Scratch , finger mark crimps
    – False indications
    – IQI (Image Quality Indicator)
    – Density of radiograph
    – Identification
    Standard and Code to be Used

    – ASME V Nondestructive Examination article 2


    – ASME IX Welding, Brazing and Fusing Qualification
    – AWSD1.1 Structural Welding Code Steel
    – ASME 31.1 Power Piping 136 4.5
    – ASME 31.3 Process Piping Table 341.3.2
    – API 1104 Welding of Pipeline and Related facilities para
    9.3
    Thank You

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