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PHP Arrays: Dr. Charles Severance

This document provides an overview of PHP arrays, covering key features like integer indices, associative arrays, dumping arrays, building arrays, looping through arrays, array functions, and using arrays with URL parameters.

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30 views

PHP Arrays: Dr. Charles Severance

This document provides an overview of PHP arrays, covering key features like integer indices, associative arrays, dumping arrays, building arrays, looping through arrays, array functions, and using arrays with URL parameters.

Uploaded by

VINOD D
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PHP Arrays

Dr. Charles Severance


www.wa4e.com

http://www.wa4e.com/code/arrays
http://www.wa4e.com/code/arrays.zip
PHP Arrays Rock!
• Better than Python Dictionaries
• Better than Java Hash Maps
• PHP Arrays have all the benefits of Python Dictionaries but
they can also maintain the order of the items in the array

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array
Associative Arrays
Can be key => value or simply indexed by numbers
Ignore two-dimensional arrays for now...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associative_array
Integer Indices
<?php
$stuff = array("Hi", "There");
echo $stuff[1], "\n";
?>

There
Key / Value
<?php
$stuff = array("name" => "Chuck",
"course" => "WA4E");
echo $stuff["course"], "\n";
?>

WA4E
Dumping an Array
The function print_r() shows PHP data - it is good for debugging.

<?php
$stuff = array("name" => "Chuck",
"course" => "WA4E");
echo("<pre>\n");
print_r($something);
echo("\n</pre>\n"); Array(
?> [name] => Chuck
[course] => WA4E
)
var_dump vs. print_r
<?php
$stuff = array("name" => "Chuck",
"course" => "SI664");
var_dump($stuff);
?>
array(2) {
["name"]=>
string(5) "Chuck"
["course"]=>
string(5) "SI664"
}
var_dump() and false
<?php
$thing = FALSE;
echo("One\n");
print_r($thing);
echo("Two\n"); One
var_dump($thing); Two
?> bool(false)

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/3406171/php-var-dump-vs-print-r
Building Up an Array
You can allocate a new item in the array and append a value
at the same time using empty square braces [ ] on the right
hand side of an assignment statement.

$va = array(); Array(


$va[] = "Hello"; [0] => Hello
$va[] = "World"; [1] => World
print_r($va); )
Building Up an Array
You can also add new items in an array using a key.

$za = array(); Array(


$za["name"] = "Chuck"; [name] => Chuck
$za["course"] = "WA4E"; [course] => WA4E
print_r($za); )
Looping Through an Array
<?php
$stuff = array("name" => "Chuck",
"course" => "SI664");
foreach($stuff as $k => $v ) {
echo "Key=",$k," Val=",$v,"\n";
}
?>
Key=name Val=Chuck
Key=course Val=SI664
Looping Through an Array
<?php
$stuff = array("Chuck","SI664");
foreach($stuff as $k => $v ) {
echo "Key=",$k," Val=",$v,"\n";
}
?>

Key=0 Val=Chuck
Key=1 Val=SI664
Counted Loop Through an Array
<?php
$stuff = array("Chuck","SI664");
for($i=0; $i < count($stuff); $i++) {
echo "I=",$i," Val=",$stuff[$i],"\n";
}
?>

I=0 Val=Chuck
I=1 Val=SI664
Arrays of $products = array(
'paper' => array(
'copier' => "Copier & Multipurpose",

Arrays 'inkjet' => "Inkjet Printer",


'laser' => "Laser Printer",
'photo' => "Photographic Paper"),
'pens' => array(
The elements of an array 'ball' => "Ball Point",
'hilite' => "Highlighters",
can be many things other 'marker' => "Markers"),
than a string or integer. 'misc' => array(
'tape' => "Sticky Tape",
You can even have objects 'glue' => "Adhesives",
or other arrays. 'clips' => "Paperclips")
);

echo $products["pens"]["marker"];

Markers
Array Functions
Array Functions
array_key_exists($key, $ar) - Returns TRUE if key is set in the array
isset($ar['key']) - Returns TRUE if key is set in the array
count($ar) - How many elements in an array
is_array($ar) - Returns TRUE if a variable is an array
sort($ar) - Sorts the array values (loses key)
ksort($ar) - Sorts the array by key
asort($ar) - Sorts array by value, keeping key association
shuffle($ar) - Shuffles the array into random order
$za = array();
Course exists
$za["name"] = "Chuck"; name is set
$za["course"] = "WA4E"; addr is not set
if (array_key_exists('course',$za) ) {
echo("Course exists\n");
} else {
echo("Course does not exist\n");
}

echo isset($za['name']) ? "name is set\n" : "name is not set\n";


echo isset($za['addr']) ? "addr is set\n" : "addr is not set\n";
<?php
$za = array(); Null
$za["name"] = "Chuck";
$za["course"] = "WA4E"; Coalesce
// PHP >= 7.0.0 only
$name = $za['name'] ?? 'not found';
$addr = $za['addr'] ?? 'not found'; Name=Chuck
Addr=not found
echo("Name=$name\n");
echo("Addr=$addr\n");

// PHP < 7.0.0 equivalent


$name = isset($za['name']) ? $za['name'] : 'not found';
$za = array(); Count: 2
$za["name"] = "Chuck"; $za Is an array
$za["course"] = "WA4E";
print "Count: " . count($za) . "\n";
if ( is_array($za) ) {
echo '$za Is an array' . "\n";
} else {
echo '$za Is not an array' . "\n";
}
Array(
$za = array(); [name] => Chuck
$za["name"] = "Chuck"; [course] => WA4E
$za["course"] = "WA4E"; [topic] => PHP
$za["topic"] = "PHP"; )
print_r($za); Array(
sort($za); [0] => Chuck
print_r($za); [1] => PHP
[2] => WA4E
)
Array(
[name] => Chuck
$za = array(); [course] => WA4E
$za["name"] = "Chuck"; [topic] => PHP
$za["course"] = "WA4E"; )
$za["topic"] = "PHP";
Array(
print_r($za); [course] => WA4E
ksort($za); [name] => Chuck
print_r($za); [topic] => PHP
asort($za); )
print_r($za);
Array(
[name] => Chuck
[topic] => PHP
[course] => WA4E
)
Exploding Arrays
$inp = "This is a sentence with seven words";
$temp = explode(' ', $inp);
print_r($temp);
Array(
[0] => This
[1] => is
[2] => a
[3] => sentence
[4] => with
[5] => seven
[6] => words
)
Arrays and URL Parameters
Time Browser Web Server Database Server
D
Apache
O static MySql
Parse
M Request
files

Parse
Response $_GET
PHP php
code

ind.php
JavaScrip
t

RRC/HTTP SQL
http://www.wa4e.com/code/arrays/get-01.php?x=2&y=4
Summary
This is a sprint through some of the unique
language features of PHP Arrays.
Acknowledgements / Contributions
These slides are Copyright 2010- Charles R. Severance Continue new Contributors and Translators here
(www.dr-chuck.com) as part of www.wa4e.com and made
available under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.
Please maintain this last slide in all copies of the document to
comply with the attribution requirements of the license. If you
make a change, feel free to add your name and organization
to the list of contributors on this page as you republish the
materials.

Initial Development: Charles Severance, University of


Michigan School of Information

Insert new Contributors and Translators here including names


and dates

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