Sesión 7

“Describing places and

neighborhoods”

Presentado por:
Paula Andrea Giraldo Gutierrez
Natalia Ximena Montoya Fernandez
Ingrid Vanessa Velez Ruiz

Universidad del Valle- sede Buga

Inglés con Fines Generales y Académicos
 Countable nouns

Countable nouns are for things we can count using

numbers. They have a singular and a plural form. The
singular form can use the determiner "a" or "an". If you want
to ask about the quantity of a countable noun, you ask "How
many?" combined with the plural countable noun.

Singular Plural
One dog Two dogs
One Horse Two horses

• She has three dogs

• I own a house
• I would like two books please
• How many friends do you have?
 Uncountable nouns

Uncountable nouns are those that cannot be counted and

therefore have no plural. In this group includes all materials,
materials and abstract materials.

To express a quantity of an uncountable noun, use a word

or expression like some, a lot of, much, a bit of, a great deal
of , or else use an exact measurement.
If you want to ask about the quantity of an uncountable
noun, you ask "How much?"

• There has been a lot of research into the causes

of this disease
• He did not have much sugar left
• How much rice do you want?
• Can you give me some information about
uncountable nouns?
 Countable and
uncountable nouns

Some nouns are countable in other languages but

uncountable in English. They must follow the rules for
uncountable nouns.

Incontable: I have some flour in the cupboard.

Contable: The recipe calls for two cups of flour.
Incontable: I have some flour in the cupboard.
Contable: The recipe calls for two cups of flour.
 Asking about quantities
When we want to know the quantity or amount of
something, we ask questions starting with How
much and How many.

How much is used with uncountable nouns.

HOW MUCH + UNCOUNTABLE NOUN

If the verb To Be is used with an uncountable noun,

it is in singular form (= IS or WAS etc.)

Examples
How much time do we have to finish the test?
How much money did you spend?
How much sugar would you like in your coffee?
How much paper will I need?
How much milk is in the fridge?
How much traffic was there on the way to work?
How many is used when we want to know the
quantity of something.

It is only used with plural countable nouns.

HOW MANY + PLURAL NOUN

Examples
How many days are there in January?
How many people work in your company?
How many cousins do you have?
How many books did you buy?
How many countries are there in the world?
How many students are in the class right now?
How many chairs are there in this room?
How many pieces of chocolate would you like?
 Practice
How many brothers and sisters do you have?
1. __________
How much money do you earn?
2. __________

How many
3. __________ people are there at the party?
How much
4. __________ is breakfast? It`s included

How many
5. __________ languages do you speak?

How much
6. __________ time do we have to get to school?

How many
7. __________ children has she got?

8. __________
How much types of cheese are there in France?
 There is/are
Singular

These words are used daily to explain there is Plural

something or that there is something
somewhere.

“There is” is used with countable singular

nouns and uncountable nouns.

“There are” is used with plural countable

nouns.

“There is” and “there are” are formed with

the present tense of the verb "to be" in its
affirmative form. Plural
Singular
 STRUCTURE EXAMPLES

Singular There is There is a chair in my room.

AFFIRMATIVE
Plural There are There are a lot of birds in the sky.

Singular There isn't There isn't a lift.

NEGATIVE
Plural There aren't There aren't dinosaurs in the world.

Is there a place where I can leave my

Singular Is there...?
luggage? Yes, there is.
INTERROGATIVE
Are there any shops open today? No,
Plural Are there...?
there aren't.
 Practice
There is There is
1. __________ a book on the chair ( There is/ There are) There are
Are there two beds in your bedroom? (Are there / Is there)
2. __________

There isn`t
3. __________ a book about computers in the library. ( There isn`t / There aren`t)

There are
4. __________ two rabbits in the picture . ( There is / There are)

Are there
5. __________ twenty cigarettes in a packet? (Are there / Is there)

There aren´t
6. __________ twenty children in the class. (There aren´t / Aren´t there)

There are
7. __________ three dogs in the garden. (There are / Are There)

8. __________
Is there an Internet café in the town? ( There isn´t / Is there)
 Use of would
Would is an auxiliary verb, which by itself does not have a complete meaning: it
needs another verb to make sense in a sentence. For example, I would like can
be translated as “Me gustaría": “like” gives the main sense and “would” gives the
meaning.

However, it can be applied to almost any verb when the Spanish verb ends with
one of the endings “ría, rías, ríamos, ríais or rían. (There are only a couple of
exceptions – “podría and debería”

(+) SUBJ + WOULD / `D + VERB IN INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO

(-) SUBJ + WOULD NOT / WOULDN´T + VERB IN INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO

(?) WOULD / WOULDN`T + SUBJ + VERB IN INFINITIVE WITHOUT TO…?

 Rules

They are followed by an infinitive verb, usually without to

(exceptions are be able to, need to, have to and ought to).

They are invariable, that is, they do not add -s in the third person
singular.

They also cannot be used in the past or future (for example, "you
woulded" is incorrect).

They don’t have infinitive, compound and progressive tenses.

They don’t need to add the auxiliary (do or does) for the
interrogative and negative forms. Example: Would you like to
come?

Can be used in its contracted form, Example: I’d buy that pink bag
 USES OF
WOULD
USE OF WOULD TRANSLATED EXAMPLE
Auxiliary verb in the “ría, rías, ríamos, ríais I would marry him if I loved him /
conditional or rían Me casaría con él si lo quisiera.
For courteous requests in Querría, quisiera o le Would he have another cup of tea? /
interrogative sentences gustaría ¿Le gustaría tomar otra taza de té?

To express habits or Solía She would go to the school at eight o'clock. /

customs in the past Solía ir al colegio a las 8

However, to refer to past Solía She used to live in New York / Solía vivir en Nueva York.
situations (not commonly I used to have a red Porsche / Solía tener un Porsche rojo.
occurring events) 'used to'
is used instead of 'would'.

To express willingness to Querer She would not tell me the truth. /

do something in the past No quería decirme la verdad.
To express assumption or Podría He would be my father. /
prediction. Podría ser mi padre.
 Practice
1. ¿ Te gustaría aprender italiano?
a. Would you
you like
liketo
tolearn
learnItalian?
Italian?
b. Do you like learning Italian?

2. Ellos vendían en coche pero está estropeado.

a. They wouldn´t
wouldn´t come
comeby
bycar
carbut
butititisisbroken.
broken.
b. They would come by car but it is broken.

3. No le digas nada a él. No me gustaría que se enfadara.

a. Don´t telltell
Don´t anything toto
anything him. I wouldn´t
him. I wouldn´tlike
likethat
thathe
hegets
getsangry.
angry.
b. Don´t tell anything to him. I won´t that he gets angry

4. ¿Bailarías conmigo?
a. Will you dance with me?
b. Would
Wouldyouyoudance
dancewith
withme?
me?

5. Comprarías el vestido negro o el verde?

c. Would you buying the black dress or the green one?
d. Would
b. Would you
you buy
buy the
the black
black dressororthe
dress thegreen
greenone?
one?
 Prepositions of place
The prepositions of place are those that express the
exact position in which an element is (person,
object, animal, etc.).

How are prepositions of place used?

The prepositions of place are always placed

between the verb and the element that expresses
the place where someone or something is found.

SUBJ + VERB + PREPOSITION OF PLACE + COMPL

On In Next to Between

Around Behind In front of

Above Below Under By/ beside

Over Among Opposite Across

 Examples

The keys are in the The girl is in front of the The balloon is above the
handbag. sheep. table.

The kid is on the whale. The boy is behind the The table is below the
curtains. lamp.
 Practice

The dog is behind__ me My car is between_ those The bank is across __ the
because it's shy. two trees. street from the saloon.

My sister is in the hospital. Martin is sitting on the They are in the

table. cinema.
 Quantifiers / some-any
The literal meaning of both determinants is the same. Sometimes it can be
translated by “alguno / a”, “algunos / as” and generally we use it when we
don't need to determine exactly the amount of what we are referring to.

ANY / SOME + NOUN

Some

1. Is used in affirmative sentences, with both countable and uncountable nouns

Examples
Some of my friends are married.
I still have some fruit in the fridge.
Some paintings are extremely expensive.
I just know the name of some of them.
2. To offer something to someone in interrogative
sentences, without specifying the quantity.

Examples
Do you need some space for your books?
Do you need some sugar for your cake?
Can I help you with some of this questions?

3. For interrogative sentences in which we ask

permission, for education, if we can borrow, eat or drink
something.

Examples
Can I have some beer?
Is it ok if I cook some vegetables?
Can I buy some candy?
Could you please give me some time to think?
 An
1. y but with another meaning
Is used in affirmative sentences like some

Example with the difference

You can choose any of those books.
You can choose some those books.

2. In negative sentences, to express that there are no or none of what we are referring to

Examples
I don’t have* any questions about the book. It was terrible.
I’m sorry, but you don’t have* any possibilities. Your level is too low.

3. In interrogative sentences, but in this case, with a negative sense. For

example, to ask, if we have something / any of our that we are referring to

Examples
Don’t you have any umbrella?
Is there any spare box I can use?
 Practice
some
1. You spilled ________ milk. / Derramaste un poco de leche

2. There aren´t _______

any apples left / No quedan manzanas

any
3. Do you have ______ toys for little boys? /
¿Tiene juguetes para niños pequeños?
some cake, please. / Quisiera un poco de torta, porfavor
4. I would like ______

any money / No tengo dinero

5. I don`t have _____

6. Some people are coming for dinner tonight / Algunas personas

______
vendrán a cenar esta noche
any friends in this town / No tiene amigos en este
7. She doesn´t have _____
pueblo.
some new clothes. / Quiere ropa nueva
8. She wants ______
 How to describe places and
neigborhoods

1. Its necessary to know adjectives to describe places.

Crowded Big
Lonely Small
Tourist Giant
Far Tiny
Close Contemporary
Beautiful Enchanted
Calm Haunted
Peaceful Ugly
Magical Strange
Breathtaking Mysterious
Charming Wide
Famous Narrow
Intriguing Modern
Fabulous Ancient
Fascinating Fun
 2. you need to know how to say places in English

School Church Zoo

Post office Cathedral Square
Hospital Landmark Park
Art gallery Aquarium
Bank
Monument Amusement
Fire station City park
Supermarket Town Concert hall
Department store Capital Circus
Restaurant Village Travel agency
Hotel Port Coffee shop
Museum Metropolis Gym
Library Locality Stadium
Movie teather Bus stop College
Bus station University
Factory
Taxi stop Academy
Police department Laundromat
Subway
City hall/ town hall station Auto repair
Prision Train station shop
Mall Airport Parking lot
 Examples
1. The city where I live is very dangerous /
La ciudad donde vivo es peligrosa.

2. The hospital is near the gas station /

El Hospital esta cerca de la estación de bus

3. There are small hotels in the center of the town /

Hay pequeños hoteles en el centro de la ciudad

4. The church is very big and beautiful /

La iglesia es muy grande y hermosa

5. The supermarket is between the library and the Train station /

El supermercado esta entre la Biblioteca y la Estación del tren
Examples
 Practice
True or False. Correct the false statements.
 
a)     There are twenty trees in the Picture. False / There are eleven trees in the picture
b)     There are eleven houses in the neighbourhood. False / There are eight houses in the neighbourhood
c)      Hermosa´s house is between Saffy´s and Nike´s house. True
d)     Lisa´s house is next to Pat´s house. False / Lisa`s house is next to Anita`s house
e)     The School is behind the Café. True

 Answer these questions:

 
There are eight houses in the neighbourhood
a)     How many houses are there?
b)     How many pets are there? There are five pets in the neighbourhood
c)      How many pink houses are there? There are three pink houses in the neighbourhood
d)     Is there any yellow house? There is a yellow house in the neighbourhood
e)     Are there any plants? There are ten plants in the neighbourhood
f)       Is there a Bank? There is a bank in the neighbourhood
g)     Is there a Hospital? There isn`t a hospital in the neighbourhood
Thanks for
your
attention