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LAN (Local Area Network)

A local area network (LAN) connects computers and devices in a small geographic area like a home, office, or small group of buildings. A LAN uses hardware like network interface cards, servers, hubs, switches, routers, and access points. It also requires software like operating systems and applications. LANs allow for high-speed data transfer between connected devices and make file sharing, printing, and communication over the network possible. Examples of LAN standards include Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, and wireless networks. LANs are commonly used to share resources and connect devices within an organization.

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62 views13 pages

LAN (Local Area Network)

A local area network (LAN) connects computers and devices in a small geographic area like a home, office, or small group of buildings. A LAN uses hardware like network interface cards, servers, hubs, switches, routers, and access points. It also requires software like operating systems and applications. LANs allow for high-speed data transfer between connected devices and make file sharing, printing, and communication over the network possible. Examples of LAN standards include Ethernet, Token Ring, FDDI, and wireless networks. LANs are commonly used to share resources and connect devices within an organization.

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Aastha Kohli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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09/20/2020

LAN
(LOCAL AREA NETWORK)
09/20/2020

INTRODUCTION

• A local-area network (LAN) is a computer network that spans a relatively small area.
Most often, a LAN is confined to a single room, building or group of buildings, however,
one LAN can be connected to other LANs over any distance via telephone lines and radio
waves.
09/20/2020

FEATURE’S OF LAN

• Networking limited to a small geographical area (less than 1km radius)


• High speed data transfer.
• Data error rate is very less since data is transferred to limited distance.
• Managing local area networks is easy as only a single technology and symmetrical
topology is used.
• Only limited number of computers can be connected in a LAN network.
• Types of data supported is tailored to the application
09/20/2020

COMPONENTS OF LAN

• The hardware which is connected to form the LAN.


• The software (or programs) which is accessed through the LAN.
• The users, who create, work with and manage the various files.
09/20/2020

HARDWARE COMPONENTS

Networking Interface Card (NICs):


A network interface card (NIC) is a circuit board or card that is installed in a computer so that it can
be connected to a network. Each networked device contains a Network Interface Card. The NIC
may be a separate board installed into a computer’s slot, or it may be built into the motherboard.

Server:
A network server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other
(client) computers over a local network or the Internet. A server may be three types:
• File Server: A file server is a computer that stores files, is attached to a network, and provides
shared access of those files to multiple workstation computers.
09/20/2020

• Print Server: A print server is a device that connects printers to client computers over a
network. It accepts print request from the computers and sends the jobs to the appropriate
printers over the LAN.
• Communication Server: A communication server is a computer system designed to
handle a wide range of communications-based applications.
Station:
• A station is a computer that is connected with a server computer over the LAN, and
communicate with other devices connected with it.
09/20/2020

HUB:
• A common connection point for devices in a network. Hubs are commonly used to connect
segments of a LAN. A hub contains multiple ports. When a packet arrives atone port, it is
copied to the other ports so that all segments of the LAN can see all-packets.
Switch:
• A switch is like a hub in that it is a central point for connecting network cables; however, a
switch is able to receive a packet and transmit it to only the destination computer.
Router:
• Routers make the connection to the Internet for LANs. They use a configuration table to
decide where packets should go.
09/20/2020

Access point:
• A hardware device or a computer’s software that acts as a communication hub for users of a
wireless device to connect to a wired LAN.
Power Supply:
• Both wired and wireless networks need a power supply. A wireless network uses the current
to generate radio waves. A cabled network sends data interpreted as an electronic pulse
Connector:
• A network connector refers to any device that used to connect many LAN connection with
the hardware of the computer.
09/20/2020

LAN SOFTWARE

• The operating system of each attached server: The server operating system is considered
to be the brains of the network:
• The operating system of each attached station: All PCs require an operating system to
function.
• Applications software accessed by LAN users: Applications software is those software,
which are used to perform a specific task. The most common business applications are word
processing, spreadsheet analysis and database management.
• Groupware: A second type of application software has been introduced for the LAN
environment— groupware. Groupware refers to programs that help people work together
collectively while located remotely from each other.
09/20/2020

MAINTENANCE OF LAN

• The users: A user is defined as a person who makes use of the network resources.
• Network Administrator: The network administrator is the individual responsible for
maintaining the LAN. It is essential that the administrator have a good understanding of
how the network is put together and how it functions.
09/20/2020

USES OF LAN

• LANs transfer data at much faster rates than telephone line connections, but are limited in
the number of computers they can support and the distances they can transfer data. LANs
can connect to other LANs over telephone lines, satellites or radio waves, creating what's
known as a wide-area network (WAN).
09/20/2020

LAN STANDARD

• Distributed data interface networks


A Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI) is an optical fiber-based local area network (LAN) that uses the American National
Standards Institute (ANSI) 3T9.5 standard for a media access control (MAC) protocol of token ring.
• Ethernet networks
Ethernet is one type of local area network (LAN) topology that the i5/OS operating system supports. i5/OS Ethernet provides support
for the Digital Equipment Corporation, Intel Corporation, and Xerox standard (Ethernet Version 2) and the IEEE 802.3 standard.
• Token-ring networks
A token-ring network is a local area network (LAN) topology that sends data in one direction throughout a specified number of
locations by using a token.
• Wireless networks
The more mobile your employees are, the more you should consider a wireless network. The portable transaction computers (PTCs)
make the direct connection between the office and offsite locations possible.
09/20/2020

Aravali College of Engineering And Management


Jasana, Tigoan Road, Neharpar, Faridabad, Delhi NCR
Toll Free Number : 91- 8527538785
Website : www.acem.edu.in

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