LESSON 1

Introduction to Information
and Communication
Technologies
• The state of ICT technologies
• Online systems, functions, and platforms
At the end of this lesson, the students should be able to:

1. improve their knowledge on how ICT affects their

everyday lives and the state of our nation;

2. compare and contrast the differences between online

platforms, sites, and content;

3. understand the features of Web 2.0;

4. understand the future of the World Wide Web through

Web 3.0; and

5. learn the different trends in ICT and use them to their

advantage.
1. How many times have you
checked your phone this morning?
2. How many status updates have you
posted in Facebook or Twitter today?
3. Did you use the Internet for an hour
after you woke up this morning?

4. Do you follow a celebrity via his/ her

social media account?
 Information and Communication
Technologies
Information and Communication Technology
(ICT) deals with the use of different
communication technologies such as mobile
phones, telephone, Internet, etc. to locate, save,
send and edit information.
 WEB 1.0:
When the World Wide Web was invented,
most web pages were static. Static (also
known as flat page or stationary page) in
the sense that the page is “as is” and
cannot be manipulated by the user. The
content is also the same for all users. This
is referred to as Web 1.0.

World Wide Web was invented by Tim

Berners- Lee
WHAT IS A STATIC WEBSITE?
Any site that has fixed/ stagnant content usually/
written in html code.

1. Every page will have the code written

separately, just as you see it on the web.
2. Every page has to be saved separately on the
server.
3. Changes have to made manually every time
you need coding knowledge to make any and
all changes.
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF STATIC WEBSITES
Advantages (Pros) Disadvantages (Cons)

- Easy to develop - Requires web development

- Cheap to develop expertise to update site
- Cheap to host - Changes and updates are
very time consuming.
- Site not as useful for the
user.
- Content can get stagnant
- OUT OF DATE  YOU
ARE A DINOSAUR
 WEB 2.0: DYNAMIC WEB PAGES

Web 2.0 is the evolution of Web 1.0

by adding dynamic web pages—the user
is able to see a website differently than
others. Examples of Web 2.0 include
social networking sites, blogs, wikis,
video sharing sites, hosted services, and
web applications.
WHAT IS A DYNAMIC WEBSITE?
A site whose construction is controlled by an
application server processed by server-side
script.

1. Pages of the website are not coded and

saved separately.
2. The design/ template (look and feel) is save
separately.
3. Corresponding content are saved separately.
4. The pages are dynamically populated every
time.
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
OF DYNAMIC WEBSITES
Advantages (Pros) Disadvantages (Cons)

- Much more functional - More expensive to develop.

website. - Slower to develop.
- Much easier to update. - Hosting costs a little more
- Much Easier to add new (This might not be true
content/ pages. now, because of great
- New content brings people shared web hosting plans
back to the site and helps these days.)
in the search engines.
- Can work as a system to
allow staff or users to
collaborate.
 Web 2.0 allows users to interact with the
page: instead of just reading a page, the user
may be able to comment or create a user
account. Web 2.0 also allows users to use
web browsers instead of just using their
operating system. Browsers can now be used
for their user interface, application software
(or web applications), and even for file
storage.
 Most websites
that we visit today
are Web 2.0.
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
1. Folksonomy. It allows users to categorize and
classify/arrange information using freely chosen
keywords (e.g., tagging). Popular social networking
sites such as Twitter, Instagram, Facebook, etc. use
tags that start with the pound sign (#). This is also
referred to as hashtag.

2. Rich User Experience. Content is dynamic and is

responsive to user’s input. An example would be a
website that shows local content. In the case of social
networking sites, when logged on, your account is
used to modify what you see in their website.
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
3. Long Tail. Services are offered on demand rather than
on a one-time purchase. In certain cases, time-based
pricing is better than file-size-based pricing or vice
versa. This is synonymous to subscribing to a data plan
that charges you for the amount of time you spent in the
Internet, or a data plan that charges you for the amount
of bandwidth you used.

4. User Participation. The owner of the website is not the

only one who is able to put content. Others are able to
place a content of their own by means of comment,
reviews, and evaluation. Some websites allow readers
to comment on an article, participate in a poll, or review
a specific product (e.g., Amazon.com, online stores).
 FEATURES OF WEB 2.0
5. Software as a Service. Users will subscribe to a software
only when needed rather than purchasing them. This is a
cheaper option if you do not always need to use a software.
For instance, Google Docs is a free web-based application
that allows the user to create and edit word processing and
spreadsheet documents online. When you need a software,
like a Word Processor, you can purchase it for a one-time
huge amount and install it in your computer and it is yours
forever. Software as a service allows you to “rent” a
software for a minimal fee.

6. Mass Participation. It is a diverse information sharing

through universal web access. Since most users can use
the Internet, Web 2.0’s content is based on people from
various cultures.
 WEB 3.0 AND THE
SEMANTIC WEB
The Semantic Web is a movement led by
the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C).

The W3C standard encourages web

developers to include semantic content
in their web pages.

Tim Berners- Lee (Inventor of the World

Wide Web)
 According to the W3C, “The
Semantic Web provides a common
framework that allows data to be shared
and reused across application,
enterprise, and community boundaries.”

The aim of Web 3.0 is to have

machines (or servers) understand the
user’s preferences to be able to
deliver web content specifically
targeting the user.
 Several problems of Web 3.0
1. Compatibility
HTML files and current web browsers could not support Web
3.0.
2. Security
The user’s security is also in question since the machine is
saving his or her preferences.
3. Vastness
The World Wide Web already contains billions of web pages.
4. Vagueness
Certain words are imprecise. The words “old” and “small”
would depend on the user.
5. Logic
Since machines use logic, there are certain limitations for a
computer to be able to predict what the user is referring to at a
given time.
 TRENDS IN ICT
1. Convergence
Technological convergence is the synergy of
technological advancements to work on a similar
goal or task.

2. Social Media
Social media is a website, application, or online
channels that enable web users to create, co-
create, discuss, modify, and exchange user-
generated content.
 SIX TYPES OF SOCIAL MEDIA:
a. Social Networks. These are sites that allow you to connect with other people
with the same interests or background. (Facebook and Google +)

b. Bookmarking Sites. These are sites that allow you to store and manage links
to various websites and resources. (Stumbleupon and Pinterest)

c. Social News. These are sites that allow users to post their own news items or
links to other news sources. (reddit and Digg)

d. Media Sharing. These are sites that allow you to upload and share media
content like images, music, and video. (Youtube, Instagram, Flicker)

e. Microblogging. These are sites that focus on short updates from the user.
(Twitter and Plurk)

f. Blogs and Forums. These websites allow users to post their content.
(Wordpress, Tumblr)
 EXAMPLES OF BLOGGING
SITES
• WordPress.org – Best for Self-Hosted Blogs. ...
• WordPress.com – Best for Free Blogs. ...
• Wix.com – Best for Small Websites. ...
• Joomla.com. ...
• Medium.com. ...
• Ghost.org. ...
• Squarespace.com. ...
• Weebly.com.
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
BLOGS AND VLOG?
BLOG- Short for Web log. Making content
online by means of writing. (articles, poems,
post, etc.) and eventually they uploaded it in
the blog sites.
- Written Articles

VLOG- Video log. It is use when you are

making video logs and uploaded to video
sites.
3. Mobile Technologies
The popularity of smartphones and tablets
has taken a major rise over the years. This is
largely because of the devices’ capability to
do tasks that were originally found in personal
computers.
KINDS OF OPERATING SYSTEMS:

a. iOS
b. Android
c. Blackberry OS
d. Windows Phone OS
e. Symbian
f. WebOS
g. Windows Mobile
4. Assistive Media
Assistive media is a nonprofit service
designed to help people who have visual
and reading impairments. A database of
audio recordings is used to read to the user.
Web 1.0 Static websites without
interactivity
Web 2.0 Websites that contain
dynamic content
Web 3.0 A concept of the World
Wide Web that is
designed to cater to
the individual user.
 Static Refers to web pages
that are the same
regardless of user.
Dynamic Refers to the web pages
that are affected by user
input or preference.

Folksonomy Allows users to categorize

and classify/ arrange
information.
 Hashtag Used to “categorize”
posts in website.

Convergence The synergy of

technological
advancements to work
on a similar goal or task.
Social Media Websites, applications, or
online channels that
enable users to create,
discuss, modify and
exchange user- generated
content.