TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
EFFORTS BY-
HRITHIK
ISHANK
MOHIT
SHIVANGI
SREEJITH
UTSAV
What is Transactional Analysis ?
At its simplest level, Transactional Analysis is the method for studying interaction between
individuals.
It involves the identification of three ego states which are:
PARENT
CHILD
ADULT
PARENT
The parent represents a massive collection of recordings in the brain of external events
experienced or perceived in the early stages of our lives.
Examples:
“Never talk to strangers”
“Always chew with your mouth closed”
“Look both ways before you cross the street”
CHILD
The Child represents our internal reactions and feelings to external events.
Examples-
“When I saw the monster’s face, I felt really scared”
“The clown at the birthday party was really funny!”
ADULT
The Adult allows the person to evaluate and validate Child and Parental data. Adult data grows out of the
person’s ability to see what is different than what he or she observed (Parent) or felt (Child).
ExampleS-
“Wow. It really is true that electrical switches should be operated with dry hands” said Sheetal as she saw
her brother get an electrical shock when he switched on the fan using wet fingers.
In this example, Sheetal’s Adult reached the conclusion that data in her Parent was valid. Her Parent had
been taught “always operate electrical switches with dry hands, otherwise you could get an electrical
shock.” And with her analysis of her brother’s experience, her Adult concluded that this was indeed correct.
PAC
Modern Transactional Analysis Theory
CONTAMINATION
Parent Contamination
Beliefs are taken as Facts.
Formulation of Prejudice.
EXAMPLES:
“World is a bad place.”
“People cannot be
trusted.”
Child Contamination
Formulation of Delusions.
EXAMPLE-
"I can't spell“
"There's something wrong
with me“
"All spiders are dangerous“.
Double Contamination
(Parent and Child)
It occurs when a person replays
a parental slogan, agrees to it
with a child belief, and mistakes
both of these for realities.
EXAMPLE-
Parent: "Real men don’t
feel."
Child: "I feel sad."
Resulting in: "I'm not a real
man, there's something wrong
with me."
The
Descriptive
Model
STROKES
Stroke is a unit of recognition, when one-person
recognises another person either verbally or non verbally.
There are two types of strokes: Positive and Negative.
Stroke Filter-When someone gets a stroke that doesn’t fit
in with their stroke quotient, he or she is likely to ignore it
or belittle it.
POSITIVE STROKE VS NEGATIVE
STROKE
POSITIVE STROKE NEGATIVE STROKE
If you are walking in front of your If that same neighbor frowns at you
house and you see your neighbor, and say nothing.
you will likely smile and say “Hi.”
Negative Stroke can be further
Your neighbor will likely say
distinguished into:-
“hello” back.
Negative unconditional: “I don’t like
Positive Stroke can be further
you”
distinguished into:-
Negative conditional: “ I don’t like you
Positive unconditional: “I like you” when you are sarcastic”
Positive conditional: “I like you Negative stroke is much better than no
when you smile” stroke.
LIFE POSITIONS
Life positions are basic beliefs about self and others,
which are used to justify decisions and behaviour.
Life position is like a set of glasses through which we see
the world.
If we end up with gray tinted glasses the whole world will
look gray to us. If they are clear, we can see ourselves and
the world as things are, good and bad, but mostly all sorts
of colors and shapes.
THE OK CORRAL
I am not okay, you are okay I am okay, you are okay
(Therefore the best I can do is to get (Therefore you and me can get on
away from others or hide myself) with being open with each other)
DEPRESSIVE POSITION GOOD LIFE POSITION
I am not okay, you are not okay I am okay, you are not okay
(Therefore there is no hope. I can
never be ok nor could you give me (Therefore I best get rid of you to
what I need) be ok)
FUTILE POSITION
PARANOID POSITION
GAMES
Game is a series of duplex transactions where we say one thing and mean
another.
Games are a way in which we can get strokes without risking intimacy and
confirm our beliefs (mostly wrongly held ones) about life. It usually ends up
reinforcing negative belief we have about ourselves.
Example:Bob is complaining that he hates his job. This hooks Mary’s need to
make everything right for people and she begins to suggest things that Bob could
do to solve his problem. After a good while and several attempts with Bob
turning down every suggestion Mary comes up with, Bob tells Mary that she is
not helping at all. Mary feels confused and feels a familiar feeling that she is
inadequate. Bob also have the familiar feeling of disappointment that no one can
help him with his problems. Thus the game is complete and although both want
intimacy, neither has achieved it.
How Games can be stopped
Games can’t be won by engaging. In fact, games can’t be won full stop, they
can only be defused
Stay aware of how you’re feeling, stay curious of how the other person is
feeling.
Don’t take responsibility for something that you’re not responsible for
The person is not looking for a real solution. One can react with sympathy, but
no advice.
THANK YOU
