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Lecture 5.2

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29 views19 pages

Lecture 5.2

Uploaded by

muhammad izzul
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CHAPTER 5

CHAPTER HAZARD
4: IDENTIFICATION
Hazard Reduction and Control
HAZARD IDENTIFICATION

By: MUHAMMAD IMRAN ISMAIL


PENSYARAH, FAK. KEJ. KIMIA
1 Lecture 5.2
CONTENT OF CHAPTER 5

Hazard identification
Suggested reading:
 Definition Chapter 6.1 :Page 238
LECTURE 5.1

 Type of hazards

 Toxic hazard, fire hazard and explosion hazard


LECTURE 5.2
 Hazard reduction and control
Outlines of Presentation

• Hazard reduction and


control
• Example of control
measures
Learning Outcomes

The student should be able to:


• Describe methods of hazard reduction and control.
Hazard reduction and control

5
HAZARD REDUCTION AND CONTROL

A threefold strategy to prevent/limit potential


damage from fire & explosion
 Prevent flammable mixture
 Prevent initiation of fire/explosion
 Minimize the damage after a fire/explosion
Principle of Risk Control

 Prioritise the control measures at the source, not the worker


 Prioritise the elimination of hazards, not the reduction of exposure
 Controls should be as low as practicable, especially in cases where
there is no data on the permissible exposure limit
 Use of personal protective equipment (PPE) as a last resort

copyright@NIOSH 2005 7
Éxercise: Boiler Accident

8
DISCUSSION FOR HAZARD CONTROL

BOILER

9
Examples of Hierarchy of Risk Controls

10
HIERARCHY OF RISK CONTROLS

Elimination
Substitution
Isolation
Reduced exposure through
 Engineering controls

 Safe work practices and procedures


 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
11
METHOD OF CONTROLS

1.Hazard Elimination
Prohibition of use

 Prohibition of the use of benzene as a grease remover or use of


crosidolite in asbestos production process
Employment of other methods

 Benzene as grease remover is eliminated by using physical controls


such as the use of ultrasonic technology
12
METHOD OF CONTROLS (CON’T)

2. Substitution
Substituting the hazard with a less hazardous material/process

 n-hexane is toxic to the nervous system and may be substituted


with a water-based cleaning agent as a grease remover
 Sand is substituted with glass beads in the blasting and abrasive
process

13
METHOD OF CONTROLS (CON’T)

3.Isolation
Distance
Distance the hazard from the
workers
Cover/Guard
Cover the hazard
Place guarding to prevent unwanted
entry/access to hazard
14
METHOD OF CONTROLS (CON’T)

4. Engineering Measures
Chemical
Ventilation, wet process
Noise
Noise absorption, soundproofing, damping,
isolating vibration
Heat stress
Automation, local temperature control
15
METHOD OF CONTROLS (CON’T)

5. Admin. Control (Work Practices and Procedures)


Chemical
Safe operating Procedures (SOP), limiting duration
of exposure
Noise
Shift work, scheduling of heavy machinery
operations
Heat stress
Hourly rests in cooler temperatures, increasing
water intake, acclimatisation
16
METHOD OF CONTROLS (CON’T)

6. Personal Protective Equipment


Chemical Noise Heat stress
 Face shield  Ear muffs  Face Shield
 Goggle  Ear plugs  Ventilated protective
 Respirators / face masks clothing
 Disposable
 Apron  Apron
 Reusable
 Gloves  Heat resistant gloves
 Protective clothing  Protective shoes
 Protective shoes

17
Other Control Measures

 Information, orders and training


 Exposure monitoring
 Health surveillance
 First aid and emergency facilities
 Warning signage

18
[email protected]
Ext: 8542

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