Scribd
Upload
230 views15 pages

Advanced Fluid Mechanics Class Project

When fluid flow detaches from a surface and forms eddies and vortices, it is known as flow separation. Flow separation occurs due to an adverse pressure gradient where pressure increases along the flow direction. Prandtl showed that in a boundary layer, the adverse pressure gradient causes excessive momentum loss near the wall, preventing the flow from moving downstream smoothly. Flow separation can happen in wings at high angles of attack, in diffusers, around automobiles, and in wind turbines. It reduces lift and increases drag on airfoils. Remedial actions include changing the shape to reduce separation, adding surface roughness, or using active methods like suction, blowing, or electromagnetic forces to suppress separation.

Uploaded by

fara255
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
230 views15 pages

Advanced Fluid Mechanics Class Project

When fluid flow detaches from a surface and forms eddies and vortices, it is known as flow separation. Flow separation occurs due to an adverse pressure gradient where pressure increases along the flow direction. Prandtl showed that in a boundary layer, the adverse pressure gradient causes excessive momentum loss near the wall, preventing the flow from moving downstream smoothly. Flow separation can happen in wings at high angles of attack, in diffusers, around automobiles, and in wind turbines. It reduces lift and increases drag on airfoils. Remedial actions include changing the shape to reduce separation, adding surface roughness, or using active methods like suction, blowing, or electromagnetic forces to suppress separation.

Uploaded by

fara255
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 15

FLOW SEPARATION

Gathered by: FARAJOLLAH FARAHNAK JAHROMI

Supervisor: Dr. ALIZADE


ADVANCED FLUID MECHANICS CLASS
PROJECT
?WHAT IS FLOW SEPARATION

When the fluid flow becomes detached from the


surface of the object , and instead take the form
.of eddies and vortices called flow separation occurred
:Hint
However It make lot of problems in application , it could
.be helpful in several cases
?WHY FLOW SEPARATION OCCUR

PRANDTL shows the separation caused by excessive


momentum loss near the wall in a boundary layer trying
to move downstream against increasing pressure which
is called adverse pressure gradient

IN AN OTHER WORD NEGATIVE PRESSURE


GRADIENT AS FLOW MOVE DOWNSTREAM IS
DESIRE CONDITION WHICH NO FLOW
SEPARATION OCCUR
?WHY FLOW SEPARATION OCCUR

PRANDTL derivation: first use momentum and mass-


conservation formula for two dimensions

:Assumptions
PRANDTL’S DERIVATION
PRANDTL show applying these assumptions to second equation of-
:momentum relations result

So P ≈P(x)
:Using BERNOULLIES EQUATION

Momentum along wall


PRANDYL’S DERIVATION
:at the wall , where u & v Are zero we obtain-

or

Thus in an adverse gradient the second derivative of velocity is


positive at the wall , yet it must be negative at the outer layer to
.merge smoothly with the mainstream flow
It follows that the second derivative must pass through zero
.somewhere , in between at the point of inflection
?WHER DOES IT HAPPEN

In wings of airplanes at high angle of attack -


in play balls-
diffusers-
automobiles-
wind turbines-
…
LIFT FORCE GENERATION IN AIRFOIL

Airfoil expose to wind at low angle of attack -


FLOW SEPARATION AT HIGH ANGLE OF ATTACK

stall phenomena-
Substantially decrease lift force and increase drag -
force
REMEDIAL ACTION

passive method-
)… & example : shape ,surface roughness(
active method-
suction
blowing
Using electromagnetic force
…
REMEDIAL ACTION
dimples on golf ball cause flow separation suppressed-
it is because of turbulent boundary layer formation
REMEDIAL ACTION
:generic blowing actuator
The actuator used to control separation consists microjets blowing
continuously normal to the wall. they are located close to the
.separation points

.It substantially suppress flow separation

in a particular experiment the angle of attack with separation occur in


changed 2 degree
REMEDIAL ACTION

This is tested by PIV in wind tunnel


REFERENCES

a first course in fluid mechanics , sabersky h.ralf,1989

fluid mechanics , frank m. white , 1988 by mcgraw-hill , inc


THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION
WITH BEST REGARDS

You might also like