COVID 19
Dr June Kakshapati Karki
Self Protection measures for everyone
Regularly and thoroughly clean your hands with an alcohol-
based hand rub or wash them with soap and water.
Maintain at least (2 arms length) 6 feet distance between
yourself and anyone who is coughing or sneezing.
Why? When someone coughs or sneezes they spray small liquid
droplets from their nose or mouth which may contain virus. If
you are too close, you can breathe in the droplets, including the
COVID-19 virus if the person coughing has the disease.
Avoid touching eyes, nose and mouth.
Why?
Hands touch many surfaces and can pick up viruses.
Once contaminated, hands can transfer the virus to your eyes,
nose or mouth. From there, the virus can enter your body and
can make you sick.
Make sure you, and the people
around you, follow good
respiratory hygiene.
This means covering your mouth
and nose with your bent elbow
or tissue when you cough or
sneeze. Then dispose of the
used tissue immediately.
Droplets spread virus.
If you feel unwell
Stay home if you feel unwell.
If you have a fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek medical
attention and call in advance. Follow the directions of your local
health authority.
Calling in advance will allow your health care provider to quickly
direct you to the right health facility.
This will also protect you and help prevent spread of viruses and
other infections.
Keep up to date on the latest COVID-19 hotspots (cities or
local areas where COVID-19 is spreading widely).
If possible, avoid traveling to places – especially if you are an
older person or have diabetes, heart or lung disease.
Why?
You have a higher chance of catching COVID-19 in one of
these areas.
Protection measures for persons who are in
or have recently visited (past 14 days) areas
where COVID-19 is spreading
Follow the guidance (Protection measures for everyone)
Self-isolate by staying at home if you begin to feel unwell,
even with mild symptoms such as headache, low grade fever
(37.3 C or above) and slight runny nose, until you recover.
If it is essential for you to have someone bring you supplies or
to go out, e.g. to buy food, then wear a mask to avoid
infecting other people.
If you develop fever, cough and difficulty breathing, seek
medical advice promptly as this may be due to a respiratory
infection or other serious condition.
Call in advance and tell your provider of any recent travel or
contact with travellers.
How do you self-isolate in a shared home ?
Well-ventilated room with a window to the outside that can be
opened, separate from other people in your home. Keep the
door closed.
Regular cleaning will be required.
If a separate bathroom is not available, make a rotation
bathroom roster for washing or bathing, with the isolated
person using the facilities last, before thoroughly cleaning the
bathroom themselves.
Ensure the isolated person uses separate towels from other
household members, both for drying themselves after bathing or
showering and for hand hygiene purposes.
To share a kitchen with others, and if possible, avoid using it while
others are present. If this is not possible then wear a facemask.
Take your meals back to your room to eat.
Wash dishes by hand using detergent and warm water and dry them
thoroughly, using a separate towel.
Wear a facemask if advised to
You should wear the mask when you are in the same room
with other people and when you visit a healthcare provider.
If you cannot wear a facemask, the people who live with you
should wear one while they are in the same room with you.
Cover your coughs and sneezes
Follow respiratory hygiene
Use disposable tissues to wipe away any mucus or phlegm
after you sneeze or cough.
Dispose of tissues into a plastic waste bag, and immediately
wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds
rinse and dry thoroughly.
Carers should wash their hands as well as helping the person
they are caring for following coughing or sneezing
Wash your hands
Wash your hands or assist the person you are caring for in
washing their hands.
This should be done often and thoroughly with soap and
water, for at least 20 seconds, rinse and dry thoroughly.
The same applies to those caring for anyone that is being
tested for COVID-19.
Avoid touching your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed
hands.
Avoid sharing house hold items
Do not share dishes, drinking glasses, cups, eating utensils,
towels, bedding or other items with other people in your home
when you have used them.
After using these items, wash them thoroughly with soap and
water.
Laundry, bedding and towels should be placed in a plastic bag
and washed separately.
If this is not possible and you need to wash the laundry see
below for further advice on handling laundry.
Do not have visitors in your home
Only those who live in your home should be allowed to stay.
Do not invite or allow visitors to enter.
If you think there is an essential need for someone to visit,
then discuss it with your designated medical contact first.
If it is urgent to speak to someone who is not a member of
your household, do this over the phone.
If you have pets in the household
Try to keep away from your pets. If this is unavoidable, wash
your hands before and after contact.
Laundry
If you need to wash the laundry at home before the results are available,
then wash all laundry at the highest temperature compatible for the
fabric using laundry detergent. This should be above 60 degrees C. If
possible tumble dry and iron using the highest setting compatible with
the fabric./ Sun dry
Wear disposable gloves and a plastic apron when handling soiled
materials if possible and clean all surfaces and the area around the
washing machine.
Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after handling dirty
laundry
Waste
All waste that has been in contact with the individual,
including used tissues, and masks if used, should be put in a
plastic rubbish bag and tied when full. The plastic bag should
then be placed in a second bin bag and tied.
Do not dispose of it or put it out for collection until you know
that patient does not have novel corona virus.
Monitor your symptoms
Seek prompt medical attention if your illness is worsening, for
example, if you have difficulty breathing, or if the person you are
caring for symptoms are worsening.
If it’s not an emergency, you should call your designated medical
contact point using the number that has been provided to you.
If it is an emergency and you need to call an ambulance, inform
the call handler or operator that you are being tested for COVID-
19
Contact points
Nobel hospital
EDCD – Dr. Lamsal 9851234229
Lila Bikram Thapa 9851147369
Civil Hospital (Hub)
Quarantine for COVID-19
The quarantine of persons is the restriction of activities of or
the separation of persons who are not ill but who may be
exposed to an infectious agent or disease, with the objective
of monitoring their symptoms and ensuring the early
detection of cases.
Quarantine is different from isolation, which is the separation
of ill or infected persons from others to prevent the spread of
infection or contamination.
Early recognition and control
Any person in quarantine who develops febrile illness or
respiratory symptoms at any point during the quarantine period
should be treated and managed as a suspected case of COVID-
19.
Standard precautions apply to all persons who are quarantined
and to quarantine personnel :
Perform hand hygiene frequently, particularly after contact
with respiratory secretions, before eating, and after using the
toilet.
Hand hygiene includes either cleaning hands with soap and
water or with an alcohol-based hand rub.
Alcohol-based hand rubs are preferred if hands are not visibly
dirty; hands should be washed with soap and water when they
are visibly dirty.
Respiratory hygiene follow
Immediately disposing of the used tissue in a wastebasket
with a lid and then performing hand hygiene.
Refrain from touching the eyes, nose and mouth.
Simple ways to prevent the spread of COVID-19 in your workplace
Make sure your workplaces are clean and hygienic
– Surfaces (e.g. desks and tables) and objects (e.g. telephones,
keyboards) need to be wiped with disinfectant regularly
Promote regular and thorough hand-washing by employees
and patients .
– Put sanitizing hand rub dispensers in prominent places
around the workplace. Make sure these dispensers are
regularly refilled
Display posters promoting hand-washing
– Make sure that staff, and patients have access to places
where they can wash their hands with soap and water
Promote good respiratory hygiene in the workplace
– Display posters promoting respiratory hygiene.
– Ensure that face masks or paper tissues are available at
your workplaces, for those who develop a runny nose or
cough at work, along with closed bins for hygienically
disposing of them
Aware others that if COVID-19 starts spreading in your
community anyone with even a mild cough or low-grade fever
(37.3 C or more) needs to stay at home.
They should also stay home (or work from home) if they have
had to take simple medications, such as
paracetamol/acetaminophen, ibuprofen or aspirin, which may
mask symptoms of infection
Keep promoting the message that people need to stay at
home even if they have only mild symptoms of COVID-19
– Display posters with this message in your workplaces.
Combine this with other communication channels commonly
used in your organization or business
– Make clear to employees that they will be able to count this
time off as sick leave
