CH 1 SCC
CH 1 SCC
(SCC)
Introduction
Self-compacting concrete was first developed in 1988 in Japan
Self-compacting concrete (SCC) = concrete that does not require
vibration for placing and compaction
Flow under own weight, completely fill formwork and achieving full
compaction, even with congested reinforcement.
Hardened concrete is dense, homogeneous and has the same
engineering properties and durability as normal vibrated concrete.
Segregation resistance
Introduction
Characteristics
Rapid rate of concrete placement
Fast construction
Ease of flow around congested reinforcement
High level of homogeneity
Minimal voids and uniform concrete strength
High level of finish and durability
Introduction
Improves the environment No vibrating equipment
Reduce exposure of workers to noise and vibration
Improved construction practice and performance
Health and safety benefits
Used for precast concrete and civil engineering construction
Introduction
Fresh SCC Properties
Filling ability
Ability to flow and fill all space in formwork under own weight
Flow
Ease of flow of fresh concrete without formwork or steel
reinforcement
Fresh SCC Properties
Robust
Capacity of concrete to retain fresh properties when small
variations in materials occur
Viscosity
Resistance to flow once flow started
Related to (T500 -- Slump-flow test or time in V-funnel test)
Fresh SCC Properties
Fresh SCC Tests
Slump-flow and T500
V-Funnel Flow Time
L-box
Fresh SCC Properties
Slump-flow and T500
Slump flow measure Flow rate of SCC without obstructions
Based on the slump test indication of the filling ability of SCC
The T500 time measure Viscosity of SCC
Fresh SCC Properties
Slump-flow and T500
The fresh concrete is poured into cone of slump test.
The cone withdraw upwards, the time is recorded until concrete flow to
500 mm diameter T500 time ( < 5 sec)
Largest diameter of flow and diameter at right angle measured
Mean = slump-flow ( > 550 mm)
SF1 (550 – 650) Plain or light reinforced (house slab, tunnel lining)
SF2 (660 -- 750) Normal applications (walls, columns, beams)
SF3 (760 -- 850) Heavy (Congested) reinforcement
Fresh SCC Properties
Fresh SCC Properties
V-Funnel Flow Time test
Measure Viscosity and filling ability of SCC
Coarse aggregate
Coarse aggregates conforming to ASTM are used for SCC.
Lightweight aggregate may migrate to the surface if paste viscosity is low and
may cause segregation
Dmax usually 12 – 20 mm depending on the reinforcement spacing
Rounded aggregate No blocking and more flow reduce friction
Angular aggregate May cause blocking and less flow
Constituent Materials
Fine Aggregate / Sands
The influence of fine aggregates on fresh properties of SCC is greater
than that of coarse aggregate.
Particles less than 0.125 mm include the fines content of the paste
High paste in SCC reduce the friction between CA
Constituent Materials
Admixtures
Superplasticisers or high range water reducer is essential in SCC
Viscosity modifying admixtures (VMA) reduce segregation
Other admixtures
Air entrained, Accelerating and Retarding
may be used in the same way as in NC.
Constituent Materials
Superplasticiser / High range water reducer admixture
Cause water reduction and fluid
Maintain dispersing effect during time required for transport
The required consistence retention depend on the application
Precast concrete require shorter retention time than concrete that has
to be transported to and placed on site.
Constituent Materials
Viscosity modifying admixtures (VMA)
Modify cohesion of SCC without change fluid
Minimize effect of small variations in aggregate
(proportion, moisture content, fines content or grain size distribution)
Make SCC more robust and less sensitive to small variation in
proportions and condition of aggregate
Constituent Materials
Air entrained admixtures
Improve freeze-thaw durability
Improve the finishing of flat slabs
Air entrained useful for Low powder content
Lower strength of SCC.
Constituent Materials
Fibers
Both metallic and polymer fibers may be used in SCC
May reduce flow and passing ability
Trials for optimum type, length and quantity.
Laitance
Placing and Finishing
Before placing SCC
Check reinforcement and formwork
Formwork free of water or debris
Release speed of SCC into formwork according to
steel reinforcement, concrete consistency and potential for air entrap
Fast vertical casting rate may not allow air to rise to the surface and
escape, causing increased air voids trapped in concrete and blowholes
on the surface.
Casting continuous without interruption maintain flow and reduce
surface marks and color variation
Placing and Finishing
SCC with slow rate of flow (high T500 or V-funnel time) may show
tendency to thixotropy
Stiff at rest Flow with stirring
Thixotropy may avoided by keeping concrete agitated on route to site
before placing.
Placing should be without interruptions
keep casting front moving at all times
Once placing finished, thixotropy can advantage
Stop leakage at joints and formwork
Placing and Finishing
Free fall of concrete during placing cause
Segregation and increase entrapped air
Pumping = most common method of placing SCC
New pump should be primed (prepare) with cement mortar
The first part of SCC (100 – 150 litres) should run through the pump
and recycled back into the truck
This lubricate the pump lines, while residual coarse aggregate is
remixed into the bulk of the SCC
Placing and Finishing
Self-compacting concrete is well suited to pumping through a valve
from bottom of formwork provided good segregation resistance
This method give smooth and clean concrete surface and used for:
Casting walls, columns, tunnel linings, strengthening existing concrete
Placing and Finishing
Pumping from bottom of formwork through a valve give best surface
finish for any vertical element
It take less air into concrete and allow faster casting rate than pumping
from top
The hopper and pump line must be kept completely full of concrete to
ensure no air trapped at bottom.
Restarting after stop lead to increase pressure on formwork
Placing and Finishing
After pumping from bottom, the valve closed and locked. Excess
concrete removed after removing the formwork but special equipment
needed to get smooth surface
Placing and Finishing
Pumping from top
Casting start at lowest part of the form, and at place where the
pumping hose can be located near the bottom of the form.
When depth built up, the hose submerged into the concrete.
End of pump hose maintained below concrete surface, so air never
allowed into hose