Scribd
Upload
54 views8 pages

The 8051 Microcontroller: Introduction To Microcontrollers

The document discusses the 8051 microcontroller. It begins with a block diagram showing the main components of a microcomputer system including the CPU, RAM, ROM, and buses. It then discusses the fetching and execution of instructions by the CPU. It also explains the different levels of software between the user and hardware, including BIOS, operating systems, and application software. Finally, it provides an example of implementing NAND logic using an 8051 microcontroller and discusses the tradeoffs in speed compared to dedicated TTL circuits.

Uploaded by

Pradeep Singla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
54 views8 pages

The 8051 Microcontroller: Introduction To Microcontrollers

The document discusses the 8051 microcontroller. It begins with a block diagram showing the main components of a microcomputer system including the CPU, RAM, ROM, and buses. It then discusses the fetching and execution of instructions by the CPU. It also explains the different levels of software between the user and hardware, including BIOS, operating systems, and application software. Finally, it provides an example of implementing NAND logic using an 8051 microcontroller and discusses the tradeoffs in speed compared to dedicated TTL circuits.

Uploaded by

Pradeep Singla
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

The 8051 Microcontroller

Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION TO
MICROCONTROLLERS
Block diagram of a microcomputer system
(CPU, RAM, ROM, A‑BUS, D-BUS, C‑BUS) 2/8
• CPU: performs all operations on data
• Fetching instructions and executing instructions
• ALU, IR, PC 3/8
Fetching an instruction involves several steps :
• The contents of the PC are placed on the Address Bus
• A READ control signal is activated
• The instruction opcode are read from RAM and placed on the Data Bus
• The opcode is latched into the CPU’s internal IR
• The PC is increment to prepare for the next fetch from memory
4/8
• Levels of software
between the user and the
hardware
• At the lowest level BIOS
(Basic Input/Output
System on the IBM PC)
• The operating system:
collection of programs,
provides mechanism to
access, manage and
effectively utilize the
computer’s resources
• Application software
should provides users to
finish their jobs, with little
or no knowledge of the
operating system

5/8
• The difference between the microcontrollers and microprocessors
• As well as the CPU microcontrollers include RAM, ROM, a serial
interface, a parallel interface, timer and interrupt scheduling
circuitry - all within the same IC
6/8
• Implementation of the NAND
operation using an 8051
microcontroller
• One tradeoff is speed

• The 8051 assembly language


program for this logic
operation
• On an 8051 microcontroller
the 3 input NAND function is
realized
• The propagation delay from
an input transition to the
correct output level is quite
long, in comparison to the
equivalent TTL circuit
• The delay is from 3-17
microsecond for 8051
operation using a 12 MHz
crystal
• The propagation delay is
about 10 nanoseconds
7/8
• The software must
perform the operations
shown in the flowchart
• The logic gate
example illustrates
that the
microcontrollers can
implement logic
operations

8/8

You might also like