ISO 5459

IS 10721

• Specified Datums
• Datum Systems
• Datum Targets

1
ISO-5459
 Degrees of freedom:

There are 6 degrees of freedom: 3 translations and 3 rotations

2
ISO-5459
 ISOSTATISM

A PLANE

Y A plane eliminates 3 degrees of freedom:

Z Translation along Z,
Rotations around X, Y

What remains:
Rotation around Z
Translations along X & Y
X

3
ISO-5459
 ISOSTATISM

TWO PLANES
A PLANE + TWO STOPS

The 2 systems eliminate 5 degrees of freedom

What remains: One translation along Y

Y 2 stops Y
Z
Z

X X

4
ISO-5459
 ISOSTATISM

THREE PLANES
ONE PLANE + THREE STOPS

The 2 systems eliminate 6 degree of freedom

There are no remaining degrees of freedom

Y 3 stops Y
Z
Z

X X

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ISO-5459
 ISOSTATISM

Particular case of parts of revolution:

There are only 5 degrees of freedom to be eliminated:
3 translations and 2 rotations

Z
Y

Possible rotation
around Y axis

6
ISO-5459
 The sizing references must cancel the 6
free degrees in order to obtain only one
checking position

This is the only solution to be sure that

any inspector get the same result

7
ISO-5459
 How to indicate datum:

The datum is specified in a frame

E
A letter identifies the datum

E
A triangle connects the frame to the
surface to be designated.
The triangle can be black or white

8
ISO-5459
 How to indicate datum:

Datum plane simulated by a 3D

Datum plane simulated by a A
A machine.
working surface (marble)
Does not match reality or the
standard (ISO5459)
N.B. The plane can be offset by the 1/2
surface evenness to become closer to the
Standard

9
ISO-5459
 References: Accuracy
Surfaces are never perfect !

So, how to choose the Datum plane ??

Case of concave surfaces:

Three points of contact

Plane
part

datum A

A
N.B. The part does not tip over

10
ISO-5459
 References: Accuracy
Plane
Case of convex surfaces:

Part
A
nce A2

?
RéfRéférence
Ré
érdatum f reAn
éAx
ence
A1

In this case, there are a vast number of possibilities for

positioning the datum on the part
Which to choose ??

11
ISO-5459
 Case of convex surfaces:

d1
Part d2

RéfRéférence
f éAnnce A2
reAn
dn
R é
érDatum
ence
A1

The datum to be chosen is the one with the smallest

distance d, giving the smallest fault.

12
ISO-5459
 Case of convex surfaces:

Part
d
Référence
datum A A

This method is applicable whatever the type of surface:

Plane, cylindrical, spherical ...

13
ISO-5459
 How to indicate and simulate datum
Contacting  Planes
Plane surface
tangential to surfaces

Simulated datum
«Median» plane

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ISO-5459
 How to indicate and simulate datum

cylindrical Surface
Real Cylinder Contacting
Cylinder

E Real axis Simulated

of cylinder datum
axis

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ISO-5459
 Indication of references and simulations
Just to summerise

C
B

A is the right-hand B is the median plane C is the axis of the

surface of the part of the part
cylinder

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ISO-5459
 Multiple Datums

To use when it is necessary to have two separate surfaces

as reference
The possibilities are numerous and varied
Exemple: plane surface

G - H
G
H

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ISO-5459
 Multiple Datums

Example: cylindrical surface

A-B A B

d must be as small as possible

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ISO-5459
 Multiple Datum

Exemple: two holes

K L

What does K-L mean ? K- L is the plane which rests

on the 2 axes K & L !….

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ISO-5459
 Systems of reference and simulations

Fictitious square
Multiple References

Secondary reference
B = 2nd support !….

Primary Reference
= 1st support !….
A

What does the reference

system A B mean ? A
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ISO-5459
 Systems of reference and simulations

Multiple References Fictitious square

Primary Reference
B = 1st support !….

Secondary reference
= 2nd support !….
A

What does the reference

system B A mean ?

21
ISO-5459
 Use of Datum Targets

The specification of an entire surface as a reference element may causes

variations or even impossibilities. In such cases, it may be necessary to
use Datum Targets

Plane resting on
3 supports

= 3 datum targets

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ISO-5459
 How to indicate Datum Targets

Symbol to use:

A circle, divided by an
horizontal line
In the lower area:
A1
Designation of the Datum
In the upper area:
Shape of the support point

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ISO-5459
 Datum Targets
Various possibilities

Nil =
Point or line A1

Point Line
5
Dimensions =
Area A1
Area part
Indication of the Designation
type of support of the datum

Note : the point, the line, the area must be identified

and sized on the drawing
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ISO-5459
 Datum Targets
Example of Datum Target:
A = A1 + A2 + A3

A1

A2 A

A3

The partial references A1+ A2+A3 define the specified

reference A
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ISO-5459
 Datum Targets
This notation can be used when the reference is made of
two out of line surfaces

A1 A2
A3

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ISO-5459
 Datum Targets
This notation can be used when the reference is made of
two out of line surfaces

A1 A2 A
A3
Complete dimensionning
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ISO-5459