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Introduction To Information Technology P1

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84 views37 pages

Introduction To Information Technology P1

Uploaded by

percival fernandez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Percival A.

Fernandez
Being computer savvy means knowing
what computers can do and what they
can’t, knowing how they can benefit
,you and how they can harm you
knowing when you can solve computer
problems and when you have to call for
.help
By William/Sawyer
 What is Information?
Information is any knowledge that comes to
our attention. That could be voice, image,
text and video
 What is data?

Data is information when dealing with the


machine
 InformationTechnologies are
systems of hardware and/or
software that capture, process,
exchange, store and/or present
information using electrical,
magnetic and/or electromagnetic
energy.
 Information technology (IT) is a general term
that describes any technology that helps to
produce, manipulate, store, communicate,
and/or disseminate information
 IT merges computing with high-speed
communications links carrying data, sound,
and video.
 Examples
 Telephones
 Televisions
 Appliances
 Various handheld devices
 Computer Technology
 Programmable, multiuse machine that
accepts data—raw facts and figures—and
processes, or manipulates, it into
information we can use
 Communication Technology
 Also called telecommunications
technology , consists of electromagnetic
devices and systems for communicating
over long distances
 How is information technology being used
in education?
 E-mail
 Course Management Sofwtares
 Distance Learning
 Avatars
 Howare computers being used in health
and medicine?
 Telemedicine
 Robots
 How will computers affect my financial
matters?
 Virtual Money
 Micro-Credits
 Micro-Payments
 How will my leisure activities be affected
by information technology?
 Satellite Television
 Online Television
 In
what ways are computers changing
government and politics?
 Connection with Voters
 Tabdeeli Razakar
 Electronic Polling
 Three Step Balloting
 Online Public Complaints
 How could I use computers to advance my
career?
 Hotel Management
 Law and Enforcement
 Hospital Management
 Entertainment
 Education
 Small and Medium Size Enterprises
 Large Industries
 Personal Communication
◦ Conversations (phone, cell)
◦ Messaging (E-mail, SMS)
◦ Video Coms
 Entertainment
◦ Web surfing
◦ Downloading video and audio files
◦ Interactive gaming
 Day-to-Day living
◦ Buying airline tecket
◦ Ordering books
◦ Electronic banking/ stock market
 Internal Communication
◦ Computer network
◦ Corporate website
◦ Video teleconferencing
◦ Messaging (SMS, email)
 Electronic Commerce
◦ Call Centres
◦ Electronic transactions
◦ Online sales
 Business operations
◦ Factory operation systems
◦ Databases
 Information Security Jobs
◦ Address information security
 IT Analyst

◦ Translate business requirement into technical


specification
 Network Administration

◦ Configure and operate computer network


 Management Consulting

◦ Provide consulting for government and


organizations
 Database Administration
◦ Managing corporate database
 Computer Forensics Expert

◦ Extracts computer evidence for


detecting/preventing /prosecuting crimes
 IT Sales:

◦ people on frontline to sell products


 Software development:

◦ develop software solutions


Computers are divided into five different
:categories
Super Computers
 high-capacity machines with thousands of
processors that can perform more than several
trillion calculations per
second
Mainframes
 Water- or air-cooled computers that cost
$5,000–$5 million and vary in size from small, to
medium, to large, depending on their use
Work Stations
 Expensive, powerful personal computers
usually used for complex scientific, mathematical,
and engineering calculations and for computer-
aided design and computer-aided manufacturing
Microcomputers
 Also called personal computers ( PCs ), which
cost $500 to over $5,000, can fit next to a desk or
on a desktop or can be carried around
Microcontrollers
 Also called embedded computers , are the tiny,
specialized microprocessors installed in ―”smart”
appliances and automobiles
A server , or network server , is a central computer that
holds collections of data (databases) and programs for
connecting or supplying services to PCs, workstations,
.and other devices, which are called clients
.These clients are linked by a wired or wireless network -
The entire network is called a client/server network -
?What is the purpose of computer
The purpose of a computer is to process data into
information
Data consists of the raw facts and figures that -
are processed into information
Information is data that has been summarized -
or otherwise manipulated for use in decision
making
Hardware and Software
Hardware consists of all the machinery and -
equipment in a computer system
Software , or programs , consists of all the -
electronic instructions that tell the computer how to
perform a task
Input Hardware
, A keyboard is an input device that converts letters
numbers, and other characters into electrical signals
readable by the processor
 A mouse is a non-keyboard input device (“pointing
device‖) that is used to manipulate objects viewed on
the computer display screen
Processing and Memory Hardware
 System Case and Power Supply
 Processor chip (CPU, for central processing unit) is a
tiny piece of silicon that contains millions of miniature
electronic circuits
 Memory Chip also known as RAM (random access
memory) chips , represent primary storage, or temporary
storage
Processing and Memory Hardware
 Motherboard is the main circuit board in the computer
 Expansion slots —for expanding the PC’s capabilities—
which give you places to plug in additional circuit boards
Storage Hardware
 A hard-disk drive is a storage device that stores billions
of characters of data on a non-removable disk platter
 CD (compact-disk) drive , or its more recent variant, a
DVD (digital video-disk) drive , is a storage device that
uses laser technology to read data from optical disks
Storage Hardware
Storage
Hardware
Output Hardware
 Video card converts the processor’s output information
into a video signal that can be sent through a cable to the
monitor
 Sound card , which enhances the computer’s sound
generating capabilities by allowing sound to be output
through speakers
Output Hardware
 Monitor is the display device that takes the electrical
signals from the video card and forms an image using
points of colored light on the screen
 Speakers are the devices that play sounds transmitted
as electrical signals from the sound card
 Printer , an output device that produces text and
graphics on paper
: References
Intro. To Information Technology. Ch. Bilal Ahmad Khan .1
Intro. to Information Technology. Ambarnawi .2

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