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Current Limiting Reactor Allocation in Distribution Networks in Presence of Distributed Generation

The document discusses using current limiting reactors (CLRs) to reduce fault currents introduced by distributed generation connected to distribution networks. CLRs are cheaper and easier to install than fault current limiters. The paper investigates the impact of CLRs on reducing fault current levels and determining their optimal locations in networks. Simulation results on an IEEE 13 bus test feeder show CLRs effectively reduce fault currents when optimally placed. Placement is determined using three different methods to minimize current.

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151 views15 pages

Current Limiting Reactor Allocation in Distribution Networks in Presence of Distributed Generation

The document discusses using current limiting reactors (CLRs) to reduce fault currents introduced by distributed generation connected to distribution networks. CLRs are cheaper and easier to install than fault current limiters. The paper investigates the impact of CLRs on reducing fault current levels and determining their optimal locations in networks. Simulation results on an IEEE 13 bus test feeder show CLRs effectively reduce fault currents when optimally placed. Placement is determined using three different methods to minimize current.

Uploaded by

arsalanhamid
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Current Limiting Reactor Allocation In

Distribution
Networks in Presence of Distributed
Generation
IEEE Section-Research
Connection of distributed generators to the distribution network
increases the fault current level. Increase in fault current
disturbs the operation of existing protection system and circuit
breakers. As a result, it is important to reduce the short circuit
current. Practically, the fault current reduction
techniques are performed by using current limiting reactor
(CLR) and fault current limiter (FCL). CLR is cheaper and
easier to install in the distribution network. In this paper impact
of CLR on reduction of fault current and its optimum location is
investigated. The results show the effectiveness of CLR in
reduction of fault current.
INTRODUCTION
Distributed Generation (DG) is defined as an electric power source connected directly to the
distribution network of a power system.
Advantages of DG
• Emergency backup
• Peak shaving
• Reduce voltage sag
• Increase reliability
• Reduce the investment costs
Interconnection of DG(Issues)

Change in voltage profile


System loss
System harmonics
Feed the short circuit current
What happened when DG Feed the
short circuit current?
• sympathetic tripping of feeders
• Nuisance tripping of generation units
• Exceeding the interruption capacity of circuit breaker
• Reduction in the sensitivity of protection devices
• Change in fault level
• Unintentional islanding
• Automatic reclosing problems
• Ferro resonance
Solution
One of the best and easiest solutions is to reduce the short circuit
current that is fed by DG. Practically, the fault current can be limited by
using current limiting reactor (CLR) or fault current limiter (FCL).
application of FCL to minimize the fault current is studied. It is shown
that FCL has an appropriate effect on reduction of impact of DG on
protection system. However, considering the complexity of distribution
network and high cost of the FCL it is not practical and economical to
use FCL in small distribution networks. In these situations the use of
CLR is preferable. CLR has lower cost and complexity than FCL and is
almost maintenance free.
In this paper
Modified IEEE 13 bus test feeder is used to study the impact of the CLR on the
interconnection of DG to the 3 different buses of distribution network. 3 DG units with
appropriate ratings are connected to this network and effect of location of CLR is
studied. Three different methods are used to find the optimal location of CLR.
CURRENT LIMITING
REACTOR (CLR)
CLR is a series-connected reactance that changes the system
impedance. It reduces the short circuit current and thus reduces
the stress on the equipments. In addition, CLR is connected
between the neutral of the transformers and generators to limit
the earth current and sometimes it is used to balance load sharing
between parallel circuits
CLR Categories
CLRs can
be divided in two categories:
• Air core reactor
• Dry type reactor
In comparison to the dry type reactors, air core reactors have advantages of no
saturation under fault condition and low losses and long life time. Reactance of the
CLR is calculated in order to reduce the existing fault current level of the system to
the desired level.
CLR has many advantages including perfect mechanical
strength to withstand high short circuit force, limited
temperature rise that increases its lifetime and make it almost
maintenance free. However, it increases system loss and causes
voltage drop. Losses in CLR consist of the 1) resistance and
eddy current loss in the winding due to the load current, 2)
losses caused by circulating current in parallel and 3) stray
losses caused by magnetic flux in other metallic parts of the
reactor
Practical Application
Short Circuit Result
Placement Formula
CLR Implementation
After CLR-Short Circuit Results

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