Topic 1 ACMV

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM: Principles of Air Conditioning
OUTSIDE INSIDE OUTSIDE

Moving air in ducted ventilation systems to include a

number of physical and scientific processes which enhance
Objective :
the air quality
• to provide
and maintain
internal air
conditions at
a pre-
determined
state
internal air
temperature:
19 - 23⁰c
relative humidity
:
40 -60%.
OUTSIDE INSIDE OUTSIDE

Heat released to
Heat removed from condenser Heat removed from space
the environment
Air
Condenser Evaporator/ conditioned
AHU space
Refrigerant cycle Air cycle

Hot LIQUID Cold LIQUID

HIGH Pressure LOW Pressure
Condenser
Condenser Evaporator
Evaporator
Expansion valve
Refrigerant Cycle
Condenser
Condenser Evaporator
Evaporator
• Remove heat Warm air to Cool air to

outside room
from the Compressor
evaporator/AHU
to condenser
and finally to the Hot VAPOR Warm VAPOR
environment. HIGH Pressure LOW Pressure
• Refrigerant as
medium.
Air conditioned space

Inlet Outlet
Evaporator
Evaporator Space
Space
/AHU
/AHU
Recirculating
Supply
Air Cycle
• Supply cooled/fresh
air to space
• Replace/recirculating
the air
Fresh air inlet Used air exhaust

Refrigerant Cycle
AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM: Types of Air Conditioning
Unitary system Plant System

Unitary system Packaged system Plant System

Unitary System
Self-contained (single)
package
• suitable for relatively

small rooms,e.g.
shops, restaurants
and classrooms.
• May be free standing

or attached to the
structure.
Window Unit
or
Single
package wall
opening unit
Unitary System
• suitable for relatively

small rooms,e.g.
shops, restaurants
and classrooms.
• May be free standing

or attached to the
structure.
Portable air conditioner

or
Single duct package unit
Unitary System
Split (double) system
• Two separate units.

• Interior unit: fan,
filter, evaporator and
expansion valve
• Exterior unit:
condenser, fan and
compressor for
external location.
• Link by refrigeration
pipework.
• Advantage- one
external unit can
serve several interior
units.
Unitary System
Split (double) package

expansion valve
• Exterior unit:
condenser, fan and
compressor for
external location.
pipework.
• Advantage- one
external unit can
units.
Unitary System

expansion valve
• Exterior unit:
condenser, fan and
compressor for
external location.
pipework.
• Advantage- one
external unit can
units.
Unitary System

expansion valve
• Exterior unit:
condenser, fan and
compressor for
external location.
pipework.
• Advantage- one
external unit can
units.
Packaged System
• Packaged units -most
of the mechanical
equipment is
assembled at the
factory.
• low installation,
operating and
maintenance costs.
Packaged System
Self-contained
(single) package
system
Single package central

air conditioners are
most commonly used
in industrial
applications.
All of the components

are mounted into one
"package" which is
typically mounted on
the roof
of a building although
occasionally on a wall.
Packaged System
package system
Single package central

air conditioners are
most commonly used
in industrial
applications.
All of the components

are mounted into one
"package" which is
typically mounted on
the roof
of a building although
occasionally on a wall.
Packaged System
Air cooled package
system
• the condenser of the

refrigeration system is
cooled by the
atmospheric air.
• outdoor unit :the

compressor,
condenser and in
some cases the
expansion valve.
• Cooling/indoor unit:
expansion valve,
evaporator, the air
handling blower and
the filter are located
on the floor or
hanged to the ceiling.
Packaged System
Air cooled package
system
• the condenser of the

refrigeration system is
cooled by the
atmospheric air.
• outdoor unit :the

compressor,
condenser and in
some cases the
expansion valve.
• Cooling/indoor unit:
expansion valve,
evaporator, the air
handling blower and
the filter are located
on the floor or
hanged to the ceiling.
Packaged System
Water cooled package
system
Packaged System
Water cooled package
system
• the condenser is
cooled by the water.
• water has to be
supplied continuously
in these systems to
maintain functioning
of the air
conditioning system.

Topic 1 ACMV

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Topic 1 ACMV

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AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM

AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM: Principles of Air Conditioning

OUTSIDE INSIDE OUTSIDE

Moving air in ducted ventilation systems to include a

OUTSIDE INSIDE OUTSIDE

Refrigerant cycle Air cycle

Hot LIQUID Cold LIQUID

• Remove heat Warm air to Cool air to

Air conditioned space

Fresh air inlet Used air exhaust

Unitary system Plant System

Unitary system Packaged system Plant System

• suitable for relatively

• May be free standing

• suitable for relatively

• May be free standing

Portable air conditioner

• Two separate units.

• Two separate units.

• Two separate units.

• Two separate units.

Single package central

All of the components

Single package central

All of the components

• the condenser of the

• outdoor unit :the

• the condenser of the

• outdoor unit :the

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