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Frequency Control in A Power System

The document discusses frequency control in power systems. It defines frequency control as maintaining stability by balancing load and power supply. The frequency must remain within ±2.5Hz or turbines and equipment can be damaged. Generators are regulated by speed governors to constantly balance load and generation. Various methods like flat, parallel and tie-line control are used to maintain a constant frequency across interconnected power systems.

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Geva Garrado
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744 views10 pages

Frequency Control in A Power System

The document discusses frequency control in power systems. It defines frequency control as maintaining stability by balancing load and power supply. The frequency must remain within ±2.5Hz or turbines and equipment can be damaged. Generators are regulated by speed governors to constantly balance load and generation. Various methods like flat, parallel and tie-line control are used to maintain a constant frequency across interconnected power systems.

Uploaded by

Geva Garrado
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FREQUENCY

CONTROL IN A A boring report.

POWER SYSTEM
DEFINITION

Frequency control is a process to maintain stability in the power system.


• load > supplying power, the frequency in the system will drop
• load < supplying power, the frequency in the system will increase

• If not maintained within the acceptable margin (±2.5Hz), the turbines will be damaged
immediately and then the protective and control equipment in the system will consequently
damage the power grid failure
SPEED GOVERNOR
A governor, aka speed limiter or controller, is
a device used to measure and regulate the
speed of a machine

Can be used in the fields of:


• Aircraft
• Small engines
• Turbine controls
• Electrical generator
WHY SHOULD THE FREQUENCY BE
CONSTANT?
• keeps the balance between generation and absorption of real power and thus makes the
operation of power station in parallel satisfactory

• change in supply frequency causes variations in speed of motors of consumers

•  affects the performance of electric motors


WHY SHOULD THE FREQUENCY BE
CONSTANT?
• extensive use of synchronous clocks
establishes a strong requirement for
maintaining supply frequency constant in order
to have correct timing from such clocks

Load and frequency control of interconnected


generators introduces problems which are
relatively simple in a system having one or two
generating stations but are more difficult and
complex in large interconnected systems with
many stations scattered over a wide area.
HOW ITS MAINTAINED CONSTANT
1. Flat Frequency Control
• The frequency of the system is maintained constant by regulating only one station A and without
any regulation of station B
• The generation at station A is changed to maintain a balance between generation and load on the
system if the load change

2. Parallel Frequency Control


• both stations A and B would be regulated simultaneously to maintain frequency constant
• the load swings are shared by both stations A and B and therefore, the swings on each station and
on the line would be reduced
HOW ITS MAINTAINED CONSTANT
3. Flat Tie-Line Control
• The increase in load of an area is met by increasing the generation in that area and thus power
flow in the tie-line is kept constant irrespective of load demands

4. Tie-Line Load Bias Control


• A modification of (1) and (3) in that the system is allowed to follow its normal regulating
characteristic directed toward holding normal frequency
• All power systems assist in regulating frequency and tie-line power flow regardless of where
from the frequency variation originates
AUTOMATIC LOAD-FREQUENCY
CONTROL (ALFC)

• Regulates the power flow between different areas while holding frequency constant

• Divides the load between the generators and control the tie line interchange schedules

• Only maintains control during small and slow changes in load and frequency
THE END.
(not really b/c this is very heavy in computation but I didn’t include those)
SOURCES
• https://www.chegg.com/homework-help/definitions/frequency-control-4

• http://www.engineeringenotes.com/electrical-engineering/power-system/load-frequency-cont
rol-in-power-system-electrical-engineering/29823

• https://www.researchgate.net/figure/Block-diagram-of-Automatic-load-frequency-control-A
LFC_fig3_332393990

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