Scribd
Upload
459 views27 pages

Lesson 5 How Society Is Organized - Student's

This document discusses how society is organized through social groups. It defines key types of social groups like primary groups consisting of family and friends that provide significant emotional support. Secondary groups are larger and focus on shared goals and tasks, like schools and workplaces, with more formal roles. In-groups and out-groups influence people's sense of identity and belonging. Formal organizations are deliberately structured to achieve goals, while informal groups exist within them. Reference groups and social networks also impact people socially and provide resources. Understanding social organization and different group types provides insight into human relationships and society.

Uploaded by

Ahyessa Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
459 views27 pages

Lesson 5 How Society Is Organized - Student's

This document discusses how society is organized through social groups. It defines key types of social groups like primary groups consisting of family and friends that provide significant emotional support. Secondary groups are larger and focus on shared goals and tasks, like schools and workplaces, with more formal roles. In-groups and out-groups influence people's sense of identity and belonging. Formal organizations are deliberately structured to achieve goals, while informal groups exist within them. Reference groups and social networks also impact people socially and provide resources. Understanding social organization and different group types provides insight into human relationships and society.

Uploaded by

Ahyessa Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 27

HOW SOCIETY IS

ORGANIZED
OBJECTIVES

• traces kinship, ties and social networks


• described the organized nature of social life and rules
governing behaviour
• compare different social forms of social organization
according to their manifest and latent functions
HOW SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED

• A group is where people have the chance to interact with other


people and think of themselves as belonging together.
• The group exists as long as individuals are interested in
belonging to it.
• Each society is made up of smaller groups and associations that
are built on social class, personal interest, or common goals.
What is a social group?
• consists of two or more persons
who are in social interaction, who
are guided by similar norms,
values and expectations, and who
maintain a stable pattern of
relations over a period of time
HOW SOCIETY IS ORGANIZED

Muzafer Sherif, a well known social psychologist, proposed to define a social group as a
number of individuals interacting with each other with respect to:
1.Common motives and goals
2.An accepted division of labor, i.e. roles
3.Established status (social rank, dominance) relationships
4.Accepted norms and values with reference to matters relevant to the group
5.Development of accepted sanctions if and when norms were respected or violated
GROUPS WITHIN SOCIETY: PRIMARY

• According to Charles Horton Cooley, a primary group is a small social group whose
members share personal and lasting relationships.
• Members of the primary group spend a great deal of time together, engage in a wide range
of activities and leisure time together, and feel that they know one another well.
• The primary group plays a significant role in an individual’s development.
• Relationships formed in primary groups are often long-lasting and goals in themselves.
• They are also often psychologically comforting to the individuals involved and provide a
source of support.
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE GROUPS

1.Motivational base shared


by individuals
- social needs,
interests, noble
activities, problems
- common hobbies,
common cause to
fight for
2. Size of the group
- As the group size increases, the type of
interaction is affected.
- Ex. Interactions in a family differ from
those in a university. Family relations
are generally personal while those in a
university are formal.
3. Type of group goals
- the structural patterns of social
groups are affected by its goals
- the parts of the organization are
assumed to have been formed in
order to attain group goals
4. Kind of group cohesion
- group cohesion refers to the degree to
which members of a group are able to
function and interact towards the pursuit of
their goals
- group cohesion depends on the extent to
which the individuals’ needs & interests are
satisfied
Social Structure
- refers to the patterned social
relationships and interrelationship
of the parts guided by the norms,
expectations, and values of the
social unit’s members
Social Function
• Refers to the results of action that
occur in relation to a particular
structure, including the results of
activities by individuals occupying
particular statuses
Ex. Expected family
function – security and
protection to family
members, etc.
TYPES OF SOCIAL GROUPS
A. PRIMARY GROUPS

• Family
Families spend a significant amount of time
together, allowing the members to support,
comfort and encourage one another. Families are
connected for a lifetime and are significant to
each member’s personal growth.
PRIMARY GROUPS

• Friends – They often spend a lot of time


experiencing different adventures
together, chatting about personal stories
and simply enjoying each others’
company.
B. SECONDARY GROUPS
• Secondary groups are large clusters of people who have a mutually shared purpose, often
aiming to complete tasks.
• They are much less likely to be an influence to an individual’s identity. It sometimes
involves weak emotional and interpersonal ties compared to the primary group.
• People in secondary groups interact on a less personal level than in a primary group, and
their relationships are temporary.
• These are established to perform functions, people’s roles are more interchangeable compared
to the primary group.
• These are groups in which one exchanges explicit commodities, such as labor for wages,
services for payments, etc.
SECONDARY GROUPS

• School/Class – A classroom consists of students and a teacher, in


which the teacher is in charge of creating a structure and
environment that help the students learn. There is much less of
being emotional with each other.
• Workplace or Place of Employment – The goal of the structured
environment in the workplace is to fulfill a predetermined
assignment.
C. IN-GROUP AND OUT-GROUP
In-group - the group with which the individual
identifies; gives him or her a sense of
belonging, solidarity, camaraderie and a
protective attitude toward the other members
Out-group – viewed as outsiders by the in-
group; group which he/she is prone to criticize
or ridicule
D. FORMAL ORGANIZATIONS AND
INFORMAL GROUPS
Formal organizations
- social structures which are
deliberately organized for
the attainment of specific
goals. Ex. schools,
churches, hospitals, etc.
Informal groups – exist within
the structure of formal
organizations. Ex. friendships
E. REFERENCE GROUPS
- the group to which the individual relates
or aspires to relate to psychologically
- one’s membership group to which he or
she is officially attached or recognized
as belonging
Ex. Family, peer group,
religious organization, civic group
F. SOCIAL NETWORKS

• A series of social relationships that links a


person directly to others, and through them,
indirectly links him/her to still more people.
• These may constrain people by limiting the
range of their interactions, yet networks may
also empower them by making available to
them vast resources.
IMPORTANCE OF ONE’S KNOWING SOCIAL
NETWORKS

• Helps people who are interested in the adoption


of innovations or the transmission of information
to people
• Network analysis may be used to understand
which people have power in a community
• Social networks can provide data about social
structure.
IMPORTANCE OF ONE’S KNOWING SOCIAL
NETWORKS
• They provide data on people’s
interrelationships. Social networks
provide social and emotional support to
people in a complex society.
• Sociologists and anthropologists may
utilize knowledge of social networks in
order to categorize the societies in which
they are found.
ICL ACTIVITY

• Identify a formal organization with which you are affiliated to. Draw an
organizational chart of the said organization and locate yourself in the
structure and how do you represent your role in the organization.
Furthermore explain the importance of your role in achieving the
organizational goals, vision and mission.
APPLICATION

• Briefly describe an example of when one of your social


networks proved helpful to you (describe an example when
social network helped someone you know.
REFERENCES:

1. Coloma, Teresita M., Llenas, Milrose P., Meer, Teresita C. and Alicia T. Villamil.
2012. Essentials of Sociology and Anthropology. An Interactive Study.
Quezon City: C & E Publishing, Inc. p. 74.
2. Palispis, Epitacio S. 2007. Introduction to Sociology and Anthropology.
Revised Edition. Manila: Rex Book Store, Inc. p. 75.
3. Panopio, Isabel and Adelisa Raymundo. 2004. Sociology: Focus on the
Philippines. 4th Edition. Quezon City: KEN Inc. pp. 155-183.

You might also like