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Basic Electronics: Prepared By: Omair Khimani (10905)

Basic electronics comprises fundamental electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and diodes that work according to physical laws and principles. All electronics follow Ohm's law, where voltage is proportional to current and resistance. Electronic circuits form closed loops connecting a power source through wires, components, and a switch. Circuits can be series, with one current path, or parallel, with multiple paths. Basic properties like voltage, current, resistance, and their measurement are also explained.

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Omair Khimani
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112 views22 pages

Basic Electronics: Prepared By: Omair Khimani (10905)

Basic electronics comprises fundamental electronic components like resistors, capacitors, and diodes that work according to physical laws and principles. All electronics follow Ohm's law, where voltage is proportional to current and resistance. Electronic circuits form closed loops connecting a power source through wires, components, and a switch. Circuits can be series, with one current path, or parallel, with multiple paths. Basic properties like voltage, current, resistance, and their measurement are also explained.

Uploaded by

Omair Khimani
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic Electronics

Prepared by: Omair Khimani


(10905)
What is Basic Electronics?
• Basic electronics comprises the minimal
"electronics components" that make up a part of
everyday electronics equipment. These
electronic components include resistors,
capacitors, diodes, inductors etc. Powered by a
battery, they are designed to work under certain
physics laws and principles. Basic electronics
also concerns the measurement of voltage,
current (electron flow) and resistance in the
assembled working "circuit."
Ohm’s Law
• All electronics equipment works on a
fundamental physics principle known as Ohm's
law, which states that a circuit contains a voltage
directly proportional to the current and
resistance encountered by the current in that
circuit. The circuit comprises the electronic
components also known as circuit elements,
linked with wires to a battery and designed to
obey Ohm's law.
Electronic Circuits
• An electrical circuit is a closed loop formed
by a power source, wires, a fuse, a load,
and a switch. When the switch is turned
on, the electrical circuit is complete and
current flows from the positive terminal to
the negative terminal.
Types of Circuits
• A series circuit is the simplest because it has
only one possible path that the electrical current
may flow. If the electrical circuit is broken, none
of the load devices will work.

• A parallel circuit has more than one path, so if


one of the paths is broken, the other paths will
continue to work.
Series Circuit
Parallel Circuits
Voltage
• The voltage between two points is the
electrical force that would drive an electric
current between those points. Specifically,
voltage is equal to energy per unit charge.
Voltage across a circuit can be measured
using a voltmeter.
Current
• Current is defined as the rate of flow of charge.
The SI unit for measuring current is the ampere,
which is charge flowing through some surface at
the rate of one coulomb per second. Electric
current is measured using an ammeter in
electronic circuits.
Resistors and Resistance
• A resistor is a device which offers a resistance to
current. The electric resistance is the force
which opposes electric current flowing through a
circuit. An object of uniform cross section has a
resistance proportional to its and length and
inversely proportional to its cross-sectional area.
Resistance can be measured using an
ohmmeter and its unit is ohm.
Resistors in Circuits
Variable Resistors
• A variable resistor allows for finer control over
current by changing the amount of resistance.
As resistance increases, the amount of current
decreases. Some examples of variable resistors
are the volume control knob on a radio and a
dimmer switch used for a light. Rheostats and
potentiometers are two common types of
variable resistors.
Variable Resistors in Circuits
Capacitors and Capacitance
• Capacitance is the ability of a body to
store charge. A device called a capacitor
is used to store charge in circuits. The SI
unit of capacitance is the farad
Capacitors in Circuits
Power
• Electric power is the rate at which
electrical energy is transferred by an
electric circuit. The SI unit of power is the
watt.
Calculating Resistance
• In series circuits, the total resistance is the
sum of the resistances of each resistor.

• R= R1+R2+R3…
• In parallel circuits, total resistance is the
sum of the reciprocal of the resistances.
• What is the total resistance when R1=2
ohms, R2=3 ohms and R3=5 ohms?
• R= 2+3+5=10 ohms
• What is the total resistance when R1= 4
ohms, R2= 4 ohms and R3= 6 ohms?
• 1/R= 1/4+1/4+1/6
• R= 1.5 ohms
Example

+ 5% of 4700= 4465 to 4935 ohms

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