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Management Information System.: © Pearson Education Limited, 2004

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Sarath Gangadharan
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53 views19 pages

Management Information System.: © Pearson Education Limited, 2004

Uploaded by

Sarath Gangadharan
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Management

Information System.

1 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Introduction
Is a software package designed to store and
manage databases. That controls the
organization, storage, retrieval, security and
integrity of data in a database. It accepts
requests from the application and instructs the
operating system to transfer the appropriate
data.
DBMS s may work with traditional
programming languages (COBOL, C, etc.) or
they may include their own programming
language for application development.

2 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Database

Shared collection of logically related data (and a


description of this data), designed to meet the
information needs of an organization.

3 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Features of Database
Shared collection – can be used
simultaneously by many departments
and users.
Logically related - comprises the
important objects and the relationships
between these objects.
Description of the data – the system
catalog (meta-data) provides description
of data to enable data independence.
4 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004
DBMS

A software system that enables users to


define, create, and maintain the database and
that provides controlled access to this
database.

5 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Why Use a DBMS?
Data independence and efficient access.
Reduced application development time.
Data integrity and security.
Uniform data administration.
Concurrent access, recovery from crashes.

6 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Examples of Database Systems

Purchases from the supermarket


Purchases using your credit card
Booking a holiday at the travel agents
Using the local library
Renting a video
Using the Internet

7 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Database application program

A software program that interacts with the


database by issuing an appropriate request
(typically an SQL statement) to the DBMS.

8 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Views

Allows each user to have his or her own view


of the database.

A view is essentially some subset of the


database.

9 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Views

Benefits include:
Provide a level of security;
Provide a mechanism to customize the
appearance of the database;
Present a consistent, unchanging picture of the
structure of the database, even if the
underlying database is changed.

10 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Components of DBMS Environment

Hardware
Can range from a PC to a network of computers.
Software
DBMS, operating system, network software (if
necessary) and also the application programs.
Data
Used by the organization and a description of
this data called the schema.

11 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Components of DBMS Environment

Procedures
Instructions and rules that should be applied to
the design and use of the database and DBMS.
People
Includes database designers, DBA s, application
programmers, and end-users.

12 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Roles in the Database
Environment
Data Administrator (DA)
Database Administrator (DBA)
Database Designers (Logical and Physical)
Application Programmers
End Users (native and sophisticated)

13 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004 19


Functions of a DBMS

Data Storage, Retrieval, and Update.

A User-Accessible Catalog.

Transaction Support.

Concurrency Control Services.

Recovery Services.

14 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Functions of a DBMS

Authorization Services.

Support for Data Communication.

Integrity Services.

Services to Promote Data Independence.

Utility Services.

15 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Advantages of DBMS
Control of data redundancy
Data consistency
Sharing of data
Improved data integrity
Improved maintenance through data
independence.

16 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


Disadvantages of DBMS
Complexity
Cost of DBMS
Cost of conversion
Performance
Higher impact of a failure

17 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004


History of Database Systems
First-generation
Hierarchical and Network

Second generation
Relational

Third generation
Extended Relational
Object-Oriented

18 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004 20


19 © Pearson Education Limited, 2004

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