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Fundamental 2: Lec#04 Shugofa Hassani

This document discusses the DOS (Disk Operating System) and differences between commercial and non-commercial operating systems. It describes DOS as a 16-bit single-user single-tasking OS that uses a command line interface. DOS was the precursor to Windows and relied on basic text commands. The document outlines various DOS commands and versions from MS-DOS and PC-DOS to newer open-source alternatives like FreeDOS. It also briefly discusses DOS file systems and naming conventions.

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Zainuddin Zainaakbary
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54 views18 pages

Fundamental 2: Lec#04 Shugofa Hassani

This document discusses the DOS (Disk Operating System) and differences between commercial and non-commercial operating systems. It describes DOS as a 16-bit single-user single-tasking OS that uses a command line interface. DOS was the precursor to Windows and relied on basic text commands. The document outlines various DOS commands and versions from MS-DOS and PC-DOS to newer open-source alternatives like FreeDOS. It also briefly discusses DOS file systems and naming conventions.

Uploaded by

Zainuddin Zainaakbary
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamental 2

Lec#04

Shugofa Hassani
Session Objective

• To distinguish between commercial and non commercial operating system

• To understand Ms.- DOS operating system and it s type.

• To practice basic DOS operating system Commands .


Commercial Software

• Commercial software is any software or program that is designed and


developed for licensing or sale to end users or that serves a commercial
purpose. such as Microsoft product .

• Commercial software was once considered to be proprietary software, but


now a number of free and open-source software applications are licensed or
sold to end users but with the source code to allow customization.

• So there is commercial free software, and there is noncommercial non free


software.
DOS operating system

• Stands for "Disk Operating System." DOS was the first operating system
used by IBM compatible computers.

• DOS is a 16 bit operating system that means it can save and process 16 bit
of data at a single time. It is a single user and single tasking Operating
system. It is NON-GUI(Graphical User Interface) It Works on CUI(Character
User Interface)environment.
Dos - DOS?
Con..

• The DOS kernel provides various functions for programs (an application
program interface), like character I/O, file management, memory
management, program loading and termination.

• DOS uses a command line, or text-based interface, that allows the user to
type commands. By typing simple instructions such as pwd (print working
directory) and cd (change directory),these early operating systems did not
multitask, as they were only able to run one program at a time.
Con..

• The command line interface, in which a user has to type in commands,


required the user to remember commands to run programs or do other
operating system tasks, making it difficult for inexperienced person to use.
which is why Microsoft later bundled the graphic-based Windows
operating system with DOS.

• When Microsoft first introduced Windows as a graphical user interface


(GUI) for MS-DOS, early users had to type "WIN" at the DOS prompt to
launch the Windows program.
Con..

• Windows has since evolved from being a GUI program running under
DOS to a full operating system taking over as the default OS, though it was
not until Windows XP that consumer versions of Windows stopped relying
on the DOS program win.com to bootstrap the Windows kernel.

• The last retail version of MS-DOS was MS-DOS 6.22. After this release,
MS-DOS was still bundled as part of Windows, but no longer required a
separate license. It can still be run under Windows using the Command
Prompt program. There is an open source version of DOS called FreeDOS
which is based on and compatible with MS-DOS.
Con..

• There are basically two versions of MS-DOS (DOS Operating System):

a) Pc-DOS

b) Ms.- DOS
• Above Both versions of DOS Operating System have been developed by
Microsoft Corporation, here Pc-DOS was specially developed for IBM
Personal computer and Ms.- DOS was developed and written for Personal
computers or NON-IBM Personal Computers. As there are no such
differences found in both versions of DOS Operating Systems.
DOS - file system

• DOS uses a file system which supports 8.3 filenames 8 characters for the
filename and 3 characters for the extension.

• the maximum length of a fully qualified filename with is path that DOS
supports is 80 characters using the format drive:\path\filename.ext.

• DOS uses the File Allocation Table (FAT) file system that the latest version
of MS-DOS 7.1 could support hard drives up to 137 GB.
Con..

DOS use the tree structure to manages files and directories, which there is a
root directory and all others directories and sub directories are under the root
directory.

DOS has three important parts :


• Booting files : To boot the system

• Management files : To mange files and folders


• Utility files : To mange , configure , repair system resource .
versions of MS-DOS
MS-DOS 1.x • Version 3.22
• Version 1.10 • Version 3.25
• Version 1.11 • Version 3.31
• Version 1.14 (OEM)
• Version 1.24 (OEM) MS-DOS 4.x
• Version 1.25 (OEM) • Version 4.00
• Version 4.01
MS-DOS 2.x • Version 4.01a
• Version 2.0
• Version 2.1 MS-DOS 5.x
• Version 2.11 • Version 5.0
• Version 5.0a
MS-DOS 3.x • Version 5.50
• Version 3.0
• Version 3.1 MS-DOS 6.x
• Version 3.2 • Version 6.0
• Version 3.3 • Version 6.2
• Version 3.21 • Version 6.21
• Version 6.22
Free DOS
• Free DOS is a DOS-compatible operating system and package of separate
programs made up of open source software. licensed under the GNU
General Public License (GPL).

• Free DOS is designed for use on IBM PC compatible computers and


supports older and the newer IBM hardware.

• The Free DOS project was started in 1994 after Microsoft stopped support
of MS-DOS. The latest version of Free DOS (version 1.0) was released in
2006
MS. DOS basic commands
There is two type of DOS operating system commands.

Internal commands : The commands which carry to memory when DOS load
and its running by commands.com file.

External commands : The commands which do not carryout to memory when


DOS load due needs of more memory and its running by exactable file which
must locate on hard disk.
C: , D: , E: To change the drive
Cd .. Change to parent directory
Cd /users/shugofa Change to specific directory
cd /d C:\users\shugofa Change the directory and drive in on command
Mkdir To make directory
Md To make directory
Mkdir \a\b To make a series of directory
Con..
Dir To display the content of a directory
Echo “ file content”> filename To create a file

Type To display the content of a file


Copy To copy a file
ren To rename a file or a folder
Rename To rename a file or a folder

Del To delete a file

Dr To delete a directory

Date To show the current date and set new date

Time To show the current time and set new time

Cls Clear screen


Exercise #4
Short Answers

1- What is a commercial software?

2- what is the concept of tree structured file system?

3-what are the mean parts of DOS operating system?

4- how to make and remove a directory in CMD?

5- what types are DOS commands?

6-What does DOS stand for ?

7-What is the different between PC DOS and Ms. Dos?

8-what are the types of commercial software?

10- which interface DOS used?

12-what is an example of commercial operating system?

13- which type of file system DOS used and what is the file name size in DOS?
Assignment # 4

What is the different between these type of software:


• Open source
• Preparatory
• Public domain
• Shareware
• Private software
• Commercial software
Thank You!

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