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10-8085 Microprocessor-04-Aug-2020Material - I - 04-Aug-2020 - Introduction - To - 8085 - Processor

The document provides an introduction to the Intel 8085 microprocessor. It discusses that the 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor integrated circuit with an internal architecture that includes an ALU, register set, program counter, flags, and address/data bus. It has 80 instructions and can address up to 64KB of memory. The 8085 was commonly used in early microcomputers and has had a significant impact on the development of microprocessors.

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50 views17 pages

10-8085 Microprocessor-04-Aug-2020Material - I - 04-Aug-2020 - Introduction - To - 8085 - Processor

The document provides an introduction to the Intel 8085 microprocessor. It discusses that the 8085 is an 8-bit microprocessor integrated circuit with an internal architecture that includes an ALU, register set, program counter, flags, and address/data bus. It has 80 instructions and can address up to 64KB of memory. The 8085 was commonly used in early microcomputers and has had a significant impact on the development of microprocessors.

Uploaded by

Anand Amsuri
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Introduction to 8085

Microprocessor
.
Microprocessor
 With the advent of LSI and VLSI technology it
became possible to build the entire CPU on a
single chip IC
 A CPU built into a single LSI/VLSI chip is
called a microprocessor
 A digital computer using microprocessor as
its CPU is called a microcomputer
Microprocessor
 The term micro initiates its physical size; not
it’s computing power
 Today the computing power of a powerful
microprocessor approaches that a CPU on
earlier large computer
 The main sections of a microprocessor are:
ALU, timing and control unit, accumulator,
general purpose and special purpose
registers
8085 Microprocessor
 Intel 8085 is an 8-bit, N-channel Metal Oxide
semiconductor (NMOS) microprocessor
 It is a 40 pin IC package fabricated on a single
Large Scale Integration (LSI) chip
 The Intel 8085 uses a single +5V DC supply for its
operation
 Its clock speed is about 3MHz
 Address bus is 16 bit. So Maximum memory
capacity is 64KB
 Data bus is 8 bit.
 It has 80 basic instructions and 246 opcodes
8085 Architecture
ALU
 The ALU performs the following arithmetic and
logical operations.
 Addition
 Subtraction
 Logical AND
 Logical OR
 Logical EXCLUSIVE OR
 Complement (logical NOT)
 Increment (add 1)
 Decrement (subtract 1)
 Left shift
 Clear
Register Set
General Registers
 The 8085 has six general-purpose registers to store
8-bit data; these are identified as B, C, D, E, H, and
L
 They can be combined as register pairs - BC, DE,
and HL - to perform some 16-bit operations
 The programmer can use these registers to store or
copy data into the registers by using data copy
instructions
 The HL register pair is also used to address memory
locations
 In other words, HL register pair plays the role of
memory address register
Accumulator & Pointers
 The accumulator is an 8-bit register that is a
part of arithmetic/logic unit (ALU)
 Program Counter - Deals with sequencing the
execution of instructions. Acts as a memory
pointer
 Stack Pointer – Points to a memory location
in R/W memory, called the stack
Instruction Register/Decoder
 The instruction register and the decoder are
considered as a part of the ALU
 The instruction register is a temporary
storage for the current instruction of a
program
 The decoder decodes the instruction and
establishes the sequence of events to follow
Flags
 The ALU includes five flip-flops, which are set
or reset after an operation according to data
conditions of the result in the accumulator
and other registers
 They are called Zero (Z), Carry (CY), Sign
(S), Parity (P), and Auxiliary Carry (AC) flags
Flags
 If the sum in the accumulator is larger than
eight bits, the flip-flop uses to indicate a carry
-- called the Carry flag (CY) – is set to one
 When an arithmetic operation results in zero,
the flip-flop called the Zero (Z) flag is set to
one
 Parity flag will set when there are even
number of 1’s in accumulator(even parity).
Flags
 These flags have critical importance in the decision-
making process of the microprocessor
 The conditions (set or reset) of the flags are tested
through the software instructions
 The thorough understanding of flag is essential in
writing assembly language programs
 The combination of the flag register and the
accumulator is called Program Status Word (PSW)
and PSW is the 16-bit unit for stack operation
Flags
Address & Data Bus
 Address Bus
 The 8085 has eight signal lines, A15-A8,
which are unidirectional and used as the high
order address bus
 Multiplexed Address/Data Bus
 The signal lines AD7-AD0 are bidirectional
 They serve a dual purpose
Address & Data Bus
 They are used as the low-order address bus as well
as the data bus
 In executing an instruction, during the earlier part of
the cycle, these lines are used as the low-order
address bus as well as the data bus
 During the later part of the cycle, these lines are
used as the data bus
 However the low order address bus can be
separated from these signals by using a latch
Data Bus

Internal Data Bus Memory

Instruction
ALU Decoder B C
2000

D E

H L
2004

SP 2005 4F
4F

2005
PC
Control Logic

RD

Data Flow

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