Principles of Fitness Training

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PRINCIPLES OF

FITNESS TRAINING

Prepared by:
Ms. Venapas E. Bajoyo, LPT
PRINCIPLES OF OVERLOAD
 The most basic of all fitness training
principle.
 It specifies that you must perform physical
exercise than normal amount to get an
improvement in physical fitness and health
benefits.
Example: If improvement in muscular strength
is your goal, the muscle must be exercised
with greater amount than normal.
PRINCIPLE OF SPECIFICITY
 Indicates that you must train a specific
energy system and specific muscle groups in
order for them to improve.
Example: If you want to develop the
cardiovascular endurance, you must design a
training program that primarily utilizes a
particular energy system.
PRINCIPLE OF PROGRESSION
 Indicates that the load could be increased
gradually overtime to remain effective and
safe for best results.
Example: An individual training to gain cardio
respiratory endurance may begin in an
exercise program by jogging 2km at a
moderate intensity. The next week the
individual may increase distance to 2 ½ km
while still working at the same level of
intensity. Week after week, the overload
could be adjusted until the desired level of
fitness is attained.
PRINCIPLE OF VARIATION
 Using a different ways to achieve desired
fitness goals.
 Including variation into a training program
maintains individual’s interest and provides a
change of pace while still making progress
toward desired goals.
 The principle maintains that a constant
adaptation and changes in intensity, volume and
time of the workout will prevent the stagnation
of performance gains or increase performance
gains faster than a repetition of the same
workout. 
PRINCIPLE OF RECOVERY
 Way of incorporating a time to rest into the
fitness program.
 The Recovery Principle dictates that athletes
need adequate time to recuperate from
training and competition.
Example: An individual may work one day on
improving upper body strength and devote
the next day’s training to working lower
body strength.
D A! !!
AMNI
SA H
KAM r
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y u u
d o o i l l
a y s t y w
a u
Alw t! Wh , yo
b e s n o w r .
n t a te
pla vest l
har

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