Scribd
Upload
94 views10 pages

CS-306 Computer Networks: Today's Topics Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11 LAN'S Wimax Bluetooth

The document discusses various wireless networking technologies including Wireless LANs, IEEE 802.11 standards, WiMAX, and Bluetooth. Wireless LANs use radio waves instead of cables to connect devices within a local area. Common wireless LAN standards are 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11g. WiMAX provides broadband wireless connectivity over a wide area using the 802.16 standard. Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology intended as a cable replacement, with a maximum range of 10 meters.

Uploaded by

Manoj Paliwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
94 views10 pages

CS-306 Computer Networks: Today's Topics Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11 LAN'S Wimax Bluetooth

The document discusses various wireless networking technologies including Wireless LANs, IEEE 802.11 standards, WiMAX, and Bluetooth. Wireless LANs use radio waves instead of cables to connect devices within a local area. Common wireless LAN standards are 802.11b, 802.11a, and 802.11g. WiMAX provides broadband wireless connectivity over a wide area using the 802.16 standard. Bluetooth is a short-range wireless technology intended as a cable replacement, with a maximum range of 10 meters.

Uploaded by

Manoj Paliwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

CS-306 Computer Networks

Today’s topics

Wireless LAN
IEEE 802.11 LAN’S
WiMAX
Bluetooth

Manoj Paliwal
GPC Dungarpur
Wireless LAN’S
Wireless LANs are those Local Area Networks that use high frequency
radio waves instead of cables for connecting the devices in LAN. Users
connected by WLANs can move around within the area of network
coverage. Most modern WLANs are based on IEEE 802.11 standards and
are marketed under the Wi-Fi brand name.

We can identify the following elements in a wireless LAN:


Stations:
All components that can connect into a wireless medium in
a network are referred to as stations (STA). All stations are equipped
with wireless network interface controllers (WNICs). Wireless stations
fall into two categories: wireless access points, and clients.
Access points (APs), normally wireless routers, are base stations for the
wireless network. They transmit and receive radio frequencies for
wireless enabled devices to communicate with.
Wireless clients can be mobile devices such as laptops, personal digital
assistants, IP phones and other smart phones, or non-portable devices
such as desktop computers, printers, and workstations that are
equipped with a wireless network interface
Architecture

Basic service set:


The basic service set (BSS) is a set of all stations that can communicate with each other
at Physical layer.
Extended service set:
An extended service set (ESS) is a set of connected BSSs. Access points in an ESS are
connected by a distribution system
Distribution system:
A distribution system (DS) connects access points in an extended service set. The
concept of a DS can be used to increase network coverage through roaming between
cells. DS can be wired or wireless.
Advantages and Disadvantages
Advantages of WLANs
They provide clutter free homes, offices and other networked places.
The LANs are scalable in nature, i.e. devices may be added or removed from the
network at a greater ease than wired LANs.
The system is portable within the network coverage and access to the network is
not bounded by the length of the cables.
Installation and setup is much easier than wired counterparts.
The equipment and setup costs are reduced.
Disadvantages of WLANs
Since radio waves are used for communications, the signals are noisier with
more interference from nearby systems.
Greater care is needed for encrypting information. Also, they are more prone to
errors.
WLANs are slower than wired LANs.
IEEE 802.11

The IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN, also known as WiFI. There are several
802.11standards for wireless LAN technology, including 802.11b, 802.11a, and
802.11g.

The three 802.11 standards share many characteristics. The three 802.11
standards share many characteristics. They all use the same medium access
protocol, CSMA/CA. All three use the same frame structure for their link-layer
frames as well. All three standards have the ability to reduce their transmission
rate in order to reach out over greater distances and all three standards allow for
both “infrastructure mode” and “ad hoc” mode.

Standard Frequency Range Data Rate


802.11b 2.4–2.485 GHz up to 11 Mbps
802.11a 5.1–5.8 GHz up to 54 Mbps
802.11g 2.4–2.485 GHz up to 54 Mbps
802.11 Architecture

The components of an IEEE 802.11 architecture are as follows


1) Stations (STA) − Stations comprise all devices and equipments that are connected to
the wireless LAN. A station can be of two types:
Wireless Access Point (WAP) − WAPs or simply access points (AP) are generally wireless
routers that form the base stations.
Client. − Clients are workstations, computers, laptops, printers, smart phones, etc.
Each station has a wireless network interface controller.
2) Basic Service Set (BSS) −A basic service set is a group of stations communicating at
physical layer level. BSS can be of two categories depending upon mode of operation:
Infrastructure BSS: The devices communicate with other devices through access points.
Independent BSS: The devices communicate in peer-to-peer basis in an ad hoc manner.
3) Extended Service Set (ESS) − It is a set of all connected BSS.
4) Distribution System (DS) − It connects access points in ESS.
802.11 Architecture

Two network architectures are defined in the IEEE 802.11 standard:


Infrastructure network: An infrastructure network is the network architecture for
providing communication between wireless clients and wired network resources. The
transition of data from the wireless to wired medium occurs via an AP. An AP and its
associated wireless clients define the coverage area. Together all the devices form a basic
service set.
Point-to-point (ad-hoc) network: An ad-hoc network is the architecture that is used to
support mutual communication between wireless clients. Typically, an ad-hoc network is
created spontaneously and does not support access to wired networks. An ad-hoc
network does not require an AP
Wimax(802.16)

WiMAX is Acronym for Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access. Based


on Wireless MAN technology. A wireless technology optimized for the delivery of
IP centric services over a wide area. A scalable wireless platform for constructing
alternative and complementary broadband networks. A certification that denotes
interoperability of equipment built to the IEEE 802.16 or compatible standard.

The 802.16 a standard for 2-11 GHz is a wireless metropolitan area network
(MAN) technology that will provide broadband wireless connectivity to Fixed,
Portable and Nomadic devices. It can be used to connect 802.11 hot spots to the
Internet, provide campus connectivity, and provide a wireless alternative to cable
and DSL for last mile broadband access.
Why WiMAX
WiMAX can support very high bandwidth solutions where large spectrum
deployments (i.e. >10 MHz) are desired using existing infrastructure keeping costs
down while delivering the bandwidth needed to support a full range of high-value
multimedia services.

WiMAX can help service providers meet many of the challenges they face due to
increasing customer demands without discarding their existing infrastructure
investments because it has the ability to seamlessly interoperate across various
network types.

WiMAX can provide wide area coverage and quality of service capabilities for
applications ranging from real-time delay-sensitive voice-over-IP (VoIP) to real-time
streaming video.

WiMAX, which is an IP-based wireless broadband technology, can be integrated


into both wide-area third-generation (3G) mobile and wireless and wire line
networks allowing it to become part of a seamless anytime, anywhere broadband
access solution.
Blue Tooth
Bluetooth wireless technology is a short range communications technology intended to
replace the cables connecting portable unit. Bluetooth technology is based on Ad-hoc
technology also known as Ad-hoc Pico nets, which is a local area network with a very
limited coverage. It is a Wireless Personal Area Network (WPAN) technology and is used
for exchanging data over smaller distances. It operates in the unlicensed, industrial,
scientific and medical (ISM) band at 2.4 GHz to 2.485 GHz. Maximum devices that can
be connected at the same time are 7. Bluetooth ranges up to 10 meters. It provides
data rates up to 1 Mbps or 3 Mbps depending upon the version.
Advantages:
Low cost.
Easy to use.
It can also penetrate through walls.
It creates an ad hoc connection immediately without any wires.
It is used for voice and data transfer.
Disadvantages:
It can be hacked and hence, less secure.
It has slow data transfer rate: 3 Mbps.
It has small range: 10 meters

You might also like