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    Newton Raphson Method

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    Ankit Bharaj
    The document discusses power flow studies using the Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) method. NRLF is an iterative technique that starts with an initial guess for bus voltages and angles, then uses the Jacobian and Taylor series expansion to calculate updated values at each iteration. It repeats until voltages and angles converge within a specified tolerance. The student is asked to perform one iteration of NRLF on a 7 bus system and check for effects of different factors like Q limit violations on the convergence.

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    Newton Raphson Method

    Uploaded by

    Ankit Bharaj
    19 views7 pages
    The document discusses power flow studies using the Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) method. NRLF is an iterative technique that starts with an initial guess for bus voltages and angles, then uses the Jacobian and Taylor series expansion to calculate updated values at each iteration. It repeats until voltages and angles converge within a specified tolerance. The student is asked to perform one iteration of NRLF on a 7 bus system and check for effects of different factors like Q limit violations on the convergence.

    Original Description:

    Procedure to code NR Method in Matlab code

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    The document discusses power flow studies using the Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) method. NRLF is an iterative technique that starts with an initial guess for bus voltages and angles, then uses the Jacobian and Taylor series expansion to calculate updated values at each iteration. It repeats until voltages and angles converge within a specified tolerance. The student is asked to perform one iteration of NRLF on a 7 bus system and check for effects of different factors like Q limit violations on the convergence.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    19 views7 pages

    Newton Raphson Method

    Uploaded by

    Ankit Bharaj
    The document discusses power flow studies using the Newton-Raphson Load Flow (NRLF) method. NRLF is an iterative technique that starts with an initial guess for bus voltages and angles, then uses the Jacobian and Taylor series expansion to calculate updated values at each iteration. It repeats until voltages and angles converge within a specified tolerance. The student is asked to perform one iteration of NRLF on a 7 bus system and check for effects of different factors like Q limit violations on the convergence.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 7

    LABS 3-4: POWER FLOW

    STUDIES

    • In these sessions, you would perform


    Steady State analysis of Power System
    using Newton-Raphson Load Flow and
    Fast Decoupled Load Flow.

    • Use ref. books for detailed algorithms for


    these studies.
    • Newton-Raphson is an iterative method for
    solving non-linear problems.
    • It starts with an intial guess and then makes
    use of the Taylor series expansion and the
    approximation for the solution by the first
    order gradient (derivative).
    𝑓ሺ𝑥 ሻ = 𝑐
    2
    𝛻 𝑓 2
    𝑓ሺ𝑥 + 𝛥𝑥ሻ = 𝑓ሺ𝑥 ሻ+ ∇𝑓Δ𝑥 +
    𝑘 𝑘 Δ𝑥 + ⋯ = 𝑐
    2!

    • Neglecting the higher order terms we get


    Δ𝑥 = ∇𝑓 −1 [𝑐 − 𝑓ሺ𝑥 𝑘 ሻ]
    • This being an iterative scheme;

    • The process is repeated till convergence


    criteria is met.
    • Generally the first order gradient is called the
    Jacobian.

    • The convergence criteria is generally


    – max(abs(delta x)) < a specified tolerance
    – max(abs(mismatch)) < a specified tolerance
    • In Power Flow context, we have P and Q
    equations to be solved for Bus Voltage
    and Angle (Polar co-ordinates).

    𝑃𝑖 = 𝑉𝑖2 𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙ሺ𝑌𝑖𝑖 ሻ+ ෍ 𝑉𝑖 𝑉𝑗 [cos൫𝛿𝑗 − 𝛿𝑖 ൯𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙൫𝑌𝑗𝑖 ൯− sin൫𝛿𝑗 − 𝛿𝑖 ൯𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔൫𝑌𝑗𝑖 ൯]


    𝑗 ≠𝑖

    𝑄𝑖 = −𝑉𝑖2 𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔ሺ𝑌𝑖𝑖 ሻ+ ෍ 𝑉𝑖 𝑉𝑗 [sin൫𝛿𝑖 − 𝛿𝑗 ൯𝑟𝑒𝑎𝑙൫𝑌𝑗𝑖 ൯− cos൫𝛿𝑖 − 𝛿𝑗 ൯𝑖𝑚𝑎𝑔൫𝑌𝑗𝑖 ൯]


    𝑗 ≠𝑖
    • For Voltage dependent load,

    • Similar is expression for Qdi.


    • For Voltage dependent Q limits,
    • The Voltage dependent Q limits are to be
    handled on lines similar
    – Normal Q limits when not violated.
    – Voltage dependent load when violated.

    • For the 7 bus system, perform one iteration


    for NRLF. The one iteration in NRLF involves
    computation of Jacobian and the updated
    bus voltages and angles for that iteration.
    • Compare the results with those with the
    program executions.
    Extra Studies:
    • Check the effect of the following on convergence:
    – PV bus Q limit violations,
    – Load increase,
    – line R/X ratio(series comp),
    – Gen rescheduling (loads fixed),
    – PV bus voltage changes,
    – addition/removal of voltage control at a bus.
    – Effect of change in slack bus position.
    • Voltage dependent Q limits for IEEE 14 bus
    system.

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