12.

Management of quality,
environment and Health
protection

Importance of quality management

 Definition of quality

ISO 9000:2000
 Quality is the ability of complex of product
inherential characteristic, system or process
to fulfil the demand of customers and other
interested persons.
ČSN ISO 8402
• Quality is total summary of entit characteristics,
which influence the ability to satisfy the
determined demand.
 Component of product quality
 Product quality

• Service quality

• Quality of sources

• Production quality

• Quality of processes
Quality spiral
Market research

QC E&R
Service

QF QS
Q

QG QP

Distribution Production
 Approach for quality management
 GMP – Good Manufacturing Practise

• GLP - Good Laboratory Practise

• Norms ISO, VDA, QS …

• TQM – Total Quality Management

• EMS – Environmental Management System

• HSMS – Health and Safety Management System
 TQM - Total Quality Management
 Customer orientation

• permanent upgrading

– Deming´s cycle

– Shewhart´s cycle
 cycle PDCA / PDSA
Shewhart´s cycle Deming´s cycle

P Plan
P
Do
A D A D
Study/Control
S Action C
 Quality expense
• expense on prevention

• Control expense

• Internal expenses on non-quality production

• External expenses on non-quality production

 Control in quality
management
 Entry control

– Statistical takeover

• Control among operations

• Output control
 Statistical regulation
 Control of parameters

• Calculation of statistical characteristics

• Regulation diagram

• Possible regulation
 Security and protection of
health
• Legislation

– Law num. 258/2000 about protection of health

– Decree of government num. 178/2001

– Decree of government num. 523/2002

– ordinance num. 274/2003

Introduction
Enterprise as economic entity

Inputs Outputs
Company
transformation

Surrounding of
company
Contamination
 OPERATING CYCLE
(Circulation of Current Asset)
payment MONEY purchase

DEBTS MATERIAL

sale manufacturing

FINISHED SEMIFINISHED
PRODUCTS PRODUCTS

MANUFACTURING

Continous transformation of current asset

Contamination
 Introduction into water, air, and soil
of microorganisms, chemicals, toxic
substances, wastes, or wastewater in a
concentration that makes the medium
unfit for its next intended use. Also
applies to surfaces of objects, buildings,
and various household and agricultural
use products.
Sustainable development

 is a pattern of resource use that aims

to meet human needs while
preserving the environment so
that these needs can be met not only
in the present, but also for future
generations
Sustainable development

 Development which seeks to produce

sustainable economic growth while
ensuring future generations' ability to
do the same by not exceeding the
regenerative capacity of the nature. In
other words, it's trying to protect the
environment.
Sustainable development

 Economical aspect
 Ecological (environmental) aspect
 Social aspect
Five environmental
solutions
1. Collecting environmental information
2. Processing and analyzing environmental
information
3. Reducing environmental impact
4. Providing environmental education and
enlightenment
5. Creating new economic systems that
foster recycling
Collecting environmental
information

● Conduct environmental assessments

covering the air, oceans, rivers, soil,
vegetation, and habitats

● Identify environmental loads, including

from factories, buildings, housing, and
transportation
Processing and analyzing
environmental information
● Categorize information and identify problems
● Analyze products for hazardous substances
covered by the European Union's Directive on the
Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances.
(REACH - Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and
Restriction of Chemical substances. The law entered
into force on 1 June 2007.
● Perform environmental accounting that calculates
the real-time impacts of cost reductions and social costs
● Make short-term supply forecasts for biomass and
other natural energy sources
 Reducing environmental
impact
● Manage equipment that affects the environment

● Advise external parties on ways to reduce

environmental loads so they can obtain ISO
certification and help them formulate reduction measures

● Promote reusing and recycling, exchanging unused

goods and providing and manage sites that enable such
transactions

● Provide alternatives, such as by offering goods and

services online, reducing the transportation of people and
goods, and providing virtual experiences to replace travel
Providing environmental
education and enlightenment
● Make environmental information
readily accessible to communities

● Supply contents for basic environmental

studies

● Share environmental expertises and

opinions with communities
Creating new economic
systems that foster recycling
● Encourage environmental protection by
sharing profits with corporations,
organizations, and individuals that help reduce
environmental loads
● Promote resources recycling and measures to
prevent illegal waste dumping by integrating
everything from production to waste
disposal
● Share vehicles, office equipment, and housing
facilities with various corporations, organizations,
and individuals
Instruments for protection of
environment

 Environmental Management System =

EMS – EMAS

 IPPC
What is EMAS ?
 Eco-Management and Audit Scheme
 European Regulation (EC) nr.1836/1993
 EU – 1993, Czech Republic - March 2001
 Voluntary instrument for environmental
protection
 EMAS is defined as the management system in
terms of environmental protection
 Logo EMAS
 based on the ISO 14001
 The EMAS development

29 June 1993 EMAS adopted by the European Council

(EMAS I)
1995 EMAS open for participation by
EMAS I industrial companies
30 October Commission proposal for a Council
1998 Regulation allowing for the voluntary
participation of organisation in an eco-
management and audit scheme

EMAS II
New Regulation adopted by the Council
19 March 2001 and the EP
Publication and entry into force of the
24 and 27 April new
2001 Regulation (EC) N°761/2001 (EMAS II)
EMAS III
2006-2010 EMAS revision process
EMAS goes further than ISO 14001

+ Employees + Public
Participation Reporting
ISO/EN ISO
14001
(2004)

+ Legal + Performance
Compliance improvement
EMAS is a systematic approach
Initial
env
Every revie
year
Continuous w
improvement P
Environmental L
policy A
A N
Management Planification
C
review
T

C Implementation D
H Monitoring and O
E measurement
C
K
Direct benefits
 Compliance with legislation
 Reduce the cost of production:
the investigation of primary
materials, energy saving,
consumption and reducing waste
 Total Quality

 Reduce environmental risks

Indirect benefits
 Greater credibility
 Improve the overall image of the company
 Increasing the competitiveness of firms
 Better relationship with insurance companies
and banks
 New competitive advantage
 Greater reliability, customer
 Improving the relationship with the public
 The advantage for obtaining public contracts
Disadvantages
Economic costs:

 the cost of implementation

 Time Implementation
 the cost of maintenance
 Further information
 European Union: http://europa.eu/
 European Environment Agency: http://www.eea.europa.eu/
 ISO (International Standard Organization):
http://www.iso.ch/
 European Committee for Standardization:
http://www.cen.eu/
 World Standards Services Network: http://www.wss.n.net/
 SME portal: http://ec.europa.eu/enterprise/sme
 Green Public Procurement:
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/gpp/
 EMAS Register:
http://ec.europa.eu/environment/emas/registration/
What is IPPC ?
 abreviation Integrated Pollution Prevention and
Control = IPPC

 European Directive for the establishment of

an integrated pollution prevention in the EU
Council Directive 96/61/EC of 24 September
1996

 EU – 1996

 CZE - 2001
What wants IPPC?
 prevent environmental pollution
 increases the use of preventive and remedial measures
 to prevent the transmission of pollution from one
environment to another
 efficient use of raw materials, materials and energy
 to avoid waste and ensure their re-use
 take the necessary measures to prevent accidents and limit
their potential consequences
 reduce the administrative
 single integrated permit
 negotiate the conditions of individual permits for each operator
 ensure the transparency of the administrative procedure for
issuing an integrated permit to the public and the possibility of
involvement of the public in decision-making process.
 Who must comply IPPC?
 Energy
 Production and processing of metals
Mineral
 Chemical Industry
 Waste Management
 Other devices
(such as paper mills, slaughterhouses, food
and feed production, rendering plants, the
intensive rearing of poultry and pigs, surface
treatment of substances, production of carbon
and electrographite by means of)
 see Annex I of the Law on IPPC
Important concepts of
IPPC

 Process IPPC
 Integrated permission
 B A T – best available technique
 Integrated Register of pollution
Integrated Permission

 Every 8 years renewing of IP

 Integration of all permits together

 Oral meeting
BAT
 Best Available Techniques
 The most efective
 The most economical
 The most environmental friendly
 BREFF documents & databasis
 PCP – professionally competent person
 website www.ippc.cz
What is the benefit of the
IPPC?
 Evaluation of industrial and agricultural
activities in terms of environmental
protection as a whole.
 Preventive acces
 Setting the conditions of operation of
equipment based on the best available
techniques – BAT
 Periodic review and public participation
 Integration of sub-license to one
Integrated authorization.
 Conclusions
 Integrated Pollution Prevention and Control (IPPC) is a
legal instrument of industrial environmental
protection, with its reach through a higher degree of
protection of the environment as a whole.
 Law has so far applies only to activities with a significant
impact on the environment. These activities shall be
issued a so-called integrated permits. Integrated permit is
responsible for authorization to replace the component.
 IPPC is an integral part of the material flows and
technology thanks to BAT and monitoring of technological
processes and the entry into production to the actual
output. Of course, the technology looks especially from the
perspective of a reasonable environment in combination
with the economic performance of the technology.