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Experiment 10

The document describes solving a 1D wave equation with given initial and boundary conditions numerically. It involves: 1. Deriving the general solution as a sum of sines with coefficients An and Bn found by integrating the initial conditions. 2. Writing a script that calculates An and Bn, defines a function for the solution u, and plots the solution over space and time. 3. Evaluating the numerical solution at specific space and time points.

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Abhishek Sharma
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18 views3 pages

Experiment 10

The document describes solving a 1D wave equation with given initial and boundary conditions numerically. It involves: 1. Deriving the general solution as a sum of sines with coefficients An and Bn found by integrating the initial conditions. 2. Writing a script that calculates An and Bn, defines a function for the solution u, and plots the solution over space and time. 3. Evaluating the numerical solution at specific space and time points.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Sharma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment-10

OBJECTIVE:
Write a script file to solve and plot the solution of
one-dimensional wave equation with given initial-
boundary conditions:
 2u  2u x x u
c2
 2 ; u (0, t )  0, u ( L, t )  0; u ( x, 0)  (1  ), ( x, 0)  x
x 2
t L L t

(i) Take c=1, L=1 and n(no. of terms in sol)=20


(ii) plot for x=0:0.05:1, t=0:0.025:0.5
(iii) display solution for x=0.25, t=0.075
Theory: Physically it represents vibrations of a stretched string
• Solution :
• 1-Dim Wave Equation: 
n x  n ct n ct 
u u
2 2 u ( x, t )   sin A
 n cos  Bn sin 
c2
 2 , 0  x  L, 0  t   n 1 L  L L 
x 2
t

Boundary conditions(Always same): where


n x
L
u (0, t )  0, 2
An   f ( x)sin dx
u ( L, t )  0 L0 L

Initial conditions(f(x) and g(x) and


n x
L
2
can be any functions of x):
u ( x, 0)  f ( x),
Bn  
n c 0
g ( x ) sin
L
dx
u
( x, 0)  g ( x)
t Note: We write algorithm such that
1. First we construct An or A(i)
In our problem: 2. Next Bn or B(i)
c=1, L=1, f(x)=(x/L)(1-x/L), 3. Finally solution u
g(x)=x
Algorithm
5.//To calculate u
1.Write clc, clear and clf commands
*Define a function with name ‘u’, input ‘x’ and “t” and
2.Enter the values of c ,L, n
output ‘uu’
3. // To find An that is A(i)
*Define a function with name ‘f’, input ‘x’ and initialize uu=0
output as ‘w1’. for j=1 to n
w1=(x/L)(1-x/L) uu=uu+sin(j pi x/L)(A(j) cos(j pi c t/L)+ B(j) sin(j pi c
endfunction t/L))
* for i=1 to n
end
Define a function with name ‘f1’, input ‘x’ and
output as ‘w2’. Endfunction
w2=f(x)sin(i pi x/L) 6. // To plot 3d and 2d plot
endfunction x=0:0.05:1, t=0:0.025: 0.5
A(i)=(2/L)integrate(‘f1(x)’ , ‘x’, 0, L)
u1=feval(x,t,u)
end
plot3d(x,t,u1, ‘x@t@u(x,t)’)
4. // To find Bn that is B(i) scf(1)
*Define a function with name ‘g’, input ‘x’ and plot( x’, u1(:,1), ”*g”, x’, u1(:,3), ”xr”, x’, u1(:,6), ”-b”,
output as ‘w3’. x’, u1(:,9), ”+o”)
w3=x
7.// numerical output
endfunction
* for i=1 to n u1=feval(0.25, 0.075,u)
Define a function with name ‘g1’, input ‘x’ and disply u1
output as ‘w4’.
w4=g(x)sin(i pi x/L)
endfunction
B(i)=(2/(i pi c))integrate(‘g1(x)’ , ‘x’, 0, L)
End

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