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Foundation of Individual Behaviour

Individual behavior is influenced by both inherited and learned characteristics. Inherited characteristics are those acquired from parents through genetics, like eye color, while learned characteristics are developed through socialization and include values, personality, and attitudes. An individual's behavior is also shaped by abilities, gender, culture, perception, and attitudes. Perception involves interpreting sensory stimuli, while attitudes are learned responses that influence how a person judges different situations.

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44 views13 pages

Foundation of Individual Behaviour

Individual behavior is influenced by both inherited and learned characteristics. Inherited characteristics are those acquired from parents through genetics, like eye color, while learned characteristics are developed through socialization and include values, personality, and attitudes. An individual's behavior is also shaped by abilities, gender, culture, perception, and attitudes. Perception involves interpreting sensory stimuli, while attitudes are learned responses that influence how a person judges different situations.

Uploaded by

shaima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Foundation of Individual

Behaviour
Individual Behaviour
• Individual behavior can be defined as the way a person reacts in
different situations and the way someone expresses different
emotions like anger, happiness, love, etc.
• for example, a well payed person who loses his job in
recession(depression) may behave differently when unemployed.
Causes of Individual Behavior
• Certain individual characteristics are responsible for the way a person
behaves in daily life situations as well as reacts to any emergency
situations. These characteristics are categorized as:
Inherited characteristics
Learned characteristics
Inherited Characteristics

• The features individuals acquire from their parents or from


forefathers are the inherited characteristics. In other words, the gifted
features an individual possesses by birth is considered as inherited
characteristics.
Following features are considered as inherited characteristics:
• Color of a person’s eye
• Religion/Race of a person
• Shape of the nose
Learned Characteristics
• Nobody learns everything by birth. First our school is our home, then
our society followed by our educational institutions. The characteristics
an individual acquires by observing, practicing and learning from others
and the surroundings is known as learned characteristics.
• It consists of the following features:
• Perception: Result of different senses like feeling, hearing etc.
• Values: Influences perception of a situation, decision making process.
• Personality: Patterns of thinking, feeling, understanding and behaving.
• Attitude: Positive or negative attitude like expressing one’s thought.
Factors Influencing Individual Behaviour
• The way an individual addresses a situation single-handedly or say in a
group is influenced by many factors. The key factors influencing an
individual’s attitude in personal as well as social life are:
• Abilities
• Gender
• Race and culture
• Perception
• Attitude
Abilities
• Abilities are the traits a person learns from the environment around
as well as the traits a person is gifted with by birth. These traits are
broadly classified as:
• Intellectual abilities
• Physical abilities
• Self-awareness abilities
Cont..
Intellectual abilities: It personifies a person’s intelligence(clever),
verbal and analytical reasoning abilities
Physical abilities: It personifies a person’s physical strength, stamina,
Self-awareness abilities: It symbolizes how a person feels about the
task, while a manager’s perception of his abilities decides the kind of
work that needs to be allotted to an individual.
Gender
• Research proves that men and women both stand equal in terms of
job performance and mental abilities; however, society still
emphasizes differences between the two genders. Absenteeism is one
area in an organization where differences are found as women are
considered to be the primary care giver for children. A factor that
might influence work allocation and evaluation in an organization is
the manager’s perception and personal values.
Perception
• Perception is an intellectual process of transforming sensory stimuli
into meaningful information. It is the process of interpreting
something that we see or hear in our mind and use it later to judge
and give a verdict on a situation, person, group, etc.
• It can be divided into six types namely:
Of sound: The ability to receive sound by identifying vibrations.
Of speech: The competence of interpreting and understanding the
sounds of language heard.
Cont..
Touch: Identifying objects through patterns of its surface by touching it.
Taste: The ability to detect flavor of substances by tasting it through
sensory organs known as taste buds.
Attribution
• Attribution is the course of observing behavior followed by determining its cause
based on individual’s personality or situation.
Attribution framework uses the following three criteria:
• Consensus: The extent to which people in the same situation might react
similarly.
• Distinctiveness: The extent to which a person’s behavior can be associated to
situations or personality.
• Consistency: The frequency measurement of the observed behavior, that is, how
often does this behavior occur.
• The framework mentioned says it is all about how an individual behaves
indifferent situations.
Attitude
• Attitude is the abstract learnt reaction or say response of a person’s
entire cognitive process over a time span.
• For example: A person who has worked with different companies
might develop an attitude of indifference towards organizational
citizenship(Extent to which an individual's voluntary support and
behavior contributes to the organization's success).

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