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Functions IN C++: by Muhammad Atif Bajwa

This document discusses functions in C++. It defines a function as a block of code that performs a specific task. Functions help reduce code redundancy, enable code reuse, and improve readability, debugging, testing and maintainability of a program. There are library functions supplied by the compiler and user-defined functions created by the user. A function must have a declaration, definition, and be called in order to execute. Recursion is when a function calls itself.

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Muhammad Atif Bajwa
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33 views13 pages

Functions IN C++: by Muhammad Atif Bajwa

This document discusses functions in C++. It defines a function as a block of code that performs a specific task. Functions help reduce code redundancy, enable code reuse, and improve readability, debugging, testing and maintainability of a program. There are library functions supplied by the compiler and user-defined functions created by the user. A function must have a declaration, definition, and be called in order to execute. Recursion is when a function calls itself.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Atif Bajwa
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Lecture 10

By
Muhammad Atif Bajwa

FUNCTIONS
IN
C++
FUNCTION
 A function is a self contained block of codes or sub programs
with a set of statements that perform some specific task or
coherent task when it is called
 Basically a job of function is to do something (to perform some
task)
 It is something like to hiring a person to do some specific task
like, every six months servicing a bike and hand over to it
 C++ program contain at least one function which is main()
Why We Use Functions
 Several advantages of modularizing a program into
function
 Reduction in code redundancy
 Enabling code reuse
 Better readability
 Information Hiding
 Improved debugging and testing
 Improved maintainability
Library Functions
 System defined function can't be modified, it can only
read and can be used.
 These function are supplied with every C++ compiler.
 Source of these library function are pre complied and
only object code get used by the user by linking to the
code by linker
Library Functions
 Also Called Built-in Functions
 They are written in the header files
 To use them desired header file must be included
User Defined Functions
 User defined functions defined by the user according to
its requirements

 Syntax:
 Return type name_0f_function (parameters)
User Defined Functions

 So when user gets his own function three thing he has

to know, these are.


 Function declaration/Prototype

 Function definition

 Function call
Function Declaration
 Provides the compiler with the description of functions
that will be used later in the program
 Its define the function before it been used/called
 Function prototypes need to be written at the beginning
of the program, done outside main function
 The function prototype must have : A return type
indicating the variable that the function will be return
Function Declaration
 Syntax for Function Prototype
 return-type function_name (parameters)
 Function Prototype Examples
 double squared( double number );
 void print_report (int report_number );
 int get_menu_choice( void):
Function Definition
 Function definition tell us what the function will do
 Defines the logic of function, done outside main function
 Without definition declaration is of no uses
 Syntax
Data_type Function_name (Parameters)
{
Body;
}
Function Call
 Function call means to activate the function
 Means to call the function
 By Calling Function it will execute and give output
 Function Call must be in the main function
 Syntax
function_name();

Example : sum();
How Function Works
Recursion
 Any function can be called from any other function, even
a function can call itself, this process is called the
recursion

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