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Acoustics Fundamentals: Raymund M. Lozada, PECE

This document discusses fundamentals of acoustics, including definitions of acoustics and sound waves. It also summarizes several main sub-disciplines of acoustics such as aero acoustics, architectural acoustics, bioacoustics, and biomedical acoustics. Finally, it describes key attributes of sound waves including pitch, timbre, loudness, duration, and intervals.

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John Delrosario
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177 views20 pages

Acoustics Fundamentals: Raymund M. Lozada, PECE

This document discusses fundamentals of acoustics, including definitions of acoustics and sound waves. It also summarizes several main sub-disciplines of acoustics such as aero acoustics, architectural acoustics, bioacoustics, and biomedical acoustics. Finally, it describes key attributes of sound waves including pitch, timbre, loudness, duration, and intervals.

Uploaded by

John Delrosario
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ACOUSTICS

FUNDAMENTALS
Raymund M. Lozada, PECE
Instructor
Acoustics
- defined as the generation, transmission, and
reception of energy in the form of vibrational
waves in matter.

Sound
– is a physical wave, or a mechanical vibration,
or simply a series of pressure vibration, in an
elastic medium.
I. Main Sub-Discipline of Acoustics
Aero acoustics

– is the study of aerodynamic sound, generated


when a fluid interacts with a solid surface or with
another flow. It has a particular application to
aeronautics, examples being the study of sound
made by the jets and the physics of shock waves
(sonic booms).
Architectural Acoustics

 – is the study of how sound and buildings


interact including the behavior of sound in the
concert halls and auditoriums but also in office
buildings, factories and homes.
Bioacoustics

– is the study of the use of sound by animals


such as whales, dolphins, and bats.
Biomedical Acoustics

– is the study of the use of sound in medicine, for


example the use of ultrasound for diagnostic and
therapeutic purposes.
Loudspeaker Acoustics

– is an engineering discipline behind the design of


the loudspeaker.
Psychoacoustics

– is the study of how people react to the sound,


hearing, perception, and localization.
Psychological Acoustics

– is the study of the mechanical, electrical, and


biochemical function of hearing in living
organisms.
Physical Acoustics

– is the study of detailed interaction of sound with


materials and fluids and includes, for example,
sonoluminescence (the emission of light by
bubbles in a liquid excited by sound) and thermo
acoustics (the interaction of sound and heat)
Vibration Acoustics

– structural acoustics and vibration is the study of


how sound and mechanical structures interact; for
example, the transmission of sound through walls
and the radiation of sound from vehicle panels.
Wolffian Acoustics

– is the study of salient features of pediatric


ultrasound insofar as it reviews technologic
factors, technique and the normal anatomy used
to evaluate the pediatric tract for abnormality.
Musical Acoustics

– is the study of the physics of musical instruments.


Underwater Acoustics

– is the study of propagation of sound in the oceans.


Closely, associated with sonar research and
development.
Acoustic Engineering

– is the study of how sound is generated and


measured by loudspeakers, microphones, sonar
projectors, hydrophones, ultrasonic transducers,
sensors.
II. Attributes of Sound Waves
Pitch
That attributes of auditory sensation in terms of
which sound may be ordered on a scale primarily
related to frequency, it is not linearly related to it.
The subjective unit for pitch is the Mel.
1000 mels is the pitch of 1000 Hz tone at a
sensation level of 40 dB.
Timbre
 The quality of a sound related to its harmonic structure.
 Pure tone is a sound composed of only one frequency in
which the sound pressure varies sinusoidally with time.
 Musical sounds (tone) are composed of the fundamental
frequency and integral multiples of fundamental frequency
(harmonics).
Loudness
 Is an observer’s auditory impression of the strength of a
 

sound and associated with the rate at which energy is


transmitted to the ear.
 The unit of the loudness level of the standard pure test tone
that is tied to a sound pressure level of 20 micro Pascal at
1000 Hz is the phon.
 The subjective unit for the loudness is the Sone.
Duration

This is probably the quality that is simplest to relate to a


measurable quantity; the duration of the sound is the
time interval between its beginning and end points.
Intervals
The ratio between the two frequencies of sounds
 

Octave – an interval of 2:1


Decade – and interval of 10:1
= =
Where:
= the reference frequency
= the frequency of the sound under test
n = the interval in octaves/decades

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