AIRPORT PLANNING

AND DESIGN
TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING – II (CE-1308)
GROUP – 1 (17-11-061 – 17-11-065)

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 HISTORY OF AIR TRANSPORT
 On 17th December 1903, the Wright brothers powered, controlled, and sustained the first successful
airplane flight.
 About a decade later, at the beginning of World War I, heavier-than-air powered aircraft became feasible
for reconnaissance, artillery spotting, and even land positions attacking. As designs grew larger and more
robust, the aircraft began transporting both people and cargo.
 Great advancements were made in aviation during the 1920s and 1930s, including the first transatlantic
flight by Alcock and Brown in 1919.
 By the beginning of World War II several towns and cities had built airports, and numerous professional
pilots were available. The war brought many inventions to aviation, including the first jet aircraft and the
first rockets fuelled by liquid.
 By 1950s, the development of passenger jets grew and it was more economical than aircraft. Efficient
engines and composite materials were introduced in the 1960s. Since then, developments in aircrafts have
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been visualized till today.
FIRST POWERED AND CONTROLLED FLIGHT BY THE WRIGHT BROTHERS, ON DECEMBER 17, 1903
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 NATIONAL AIRPORT AUTHORITY OF INDIA
 On June 1, 1986, the National Airport Authority of India was formed through the act of Parliament and
is managed by a board consisting of Chairman, four full-time members and eight part-time members.
 The main aim of the NAA is to ensure the best standard and qualities of air traffic control with the help
of modern equipment and also to maintain the international standards in coherent with air traffic
control, aeronautical communications, ground safety operations, etc.
 NAA has achieved numerous numbers of achievements and their work is much appreciated and has
made great contributions to the development of the Indian Aircraft.
 In the later years, the organization which was formed in 1972 to manage all international flights, the
International Airport Authority of India (IAAI) was merged with NAA in the year 1995 to form a
statutory body- Airport Authority of India (AAI) working under the Ministry of Civil Aviation. AAI
manages a total of 126 airports, including 11 international airports, 11 customs airports, 89 domestic
airports, 26 Civil Enclaves at the Military Airfields. 4
AIRPORTS AUTHORITY OF INDIA LOGO
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AIRCRAFT AND ITS CHARACTERISTICS
Aircraft is a vehicle which can fly with the support of the air.

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AIRPORT CLASSIFICATION

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 PURPOSE OF AIRPORT PLANNING

 The draft plan of the airport describes and reflects the overall concept of
long-term airport development. Produces concepts accurately in the
airport planning system (ALP) the diagram sets out and reports the details
and concept on which the concept is based on the airport master plan
(AMP). The purpose of the master plan report is to provide guidelines for
airport development that will satisfy the airline's financial need, while at
the same time balancing aviation, environmental and social aspects of the
airport.

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 OBJECTIVES OF AIRPORT PLANNING

 Clearly indicate the current and future roles of the airport.

 Potential demand evaluated for commercial service flights serving Monument Valley.
 Aircraft activity forecast updated for the airport.
 Refine the size and layout of commercial service and general aviation areas.
 Identify preferred development alternatives to meet airport requirements and FAA safety and design
standards.
 Provide a building upgrade plan to accommodate increased use and meet airline standards for the
current FAA airport.
 Identify high quality land uses, which will enhance the economic benefits of the airport and are
relevant to air development.
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 Prepare a schedule of development projects and cost estimates for implementing the proposed
development here (i.e. Capital Improvement Plan).
 Develop realistic, phased development and maintenance plans for the airport.
 Provide an Airport Layout Plan drawing set in accordance with current FAA standards.
 Prepare an Environmental Overview for proposed development.
 Prepare a suggested, comprehensive Airport brochure, which includes the necessary information and
terms of Airport users.
 Prepare an integrated land use plan and height restrictions for the area around the airport including
border zoning protection within the airport area.
 Renovating / reconstructing airports to provide a safe airport.
 Providing a high quality and attractive environment for commercial air travel and economic
development.
 Identifying planning areas for future hangars and aviation related businesses. 11
AIRPORT MASTER PLAN

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MAIN OBJECTIVES OF THE MASTER
PLAN:
 Documentation of the issues thar are needed to be addressed.
 Describe the development proposed by the technical, economic and
environmental investigations for the purposes and alternatives.
 Provide an effective presentation of airport development again expected
land use in the vicinity of the airport.
 Suggest the financial plan available to support the implementation plan.
 Provide sufficient description of the project and subsequent
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environmental details testing that may be required before the project is
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FAA RECOMMENDATIONS FOR MASTER PLANNING

PUBLIC ENVIRONMENTAL EXISTING

PREPLANNING CONDITIONS
INVOLVEMEN CONSIDERATIONS
T

FACILITIES
AVIATION FACILITY AIRPORT LAYOUT
IMPLEMENTATION
FORECASTS REQUIREMENTS PLAN DRAWING SET
PLAN

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AIRPORT SITE SELECTION

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 Regional plan: The selected location should be in good alignment with the regional program where it
forms part of the national airport network.
 Airport use: The choice of site depends on the use of the airport. Either for public or military
purposes. However, during an emergency airstrip is taken by the security forces. Therefore, the
preferred location of the airport should be that it provides environmental protection from the airways.
If the site offers dense bibs.
 Proximity to other airport: the site should be selected at a considerable distance from the existing
airports so that the aircraft landing in one airport does not interfere with the movement of aircraft at
another airport. The required separation between the airports mainly depends upon the volume of air
traffic.
 Ground accessibility: The site should be selected for easy access to users. The time to arrive at the
airport is why the most important consideration is in the short haul operation.
 Topography: this includes natural resources such as tree streams etc. The built-up area at the top of
the mountain is often considered to be a good airport.
 Obstruction: when an airplane helps or moves it loses or gets slower by comparing the speed of
forward. For this reason, long-haul permits are provided on both sides of the train known as the
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approaching lanes where the aircraft can safely or safely land.
 Visibility: poor visibility reduces airport traffic volume. The site selected should therefore be free of
hazardous emissions such as smoke and fog. The fog usually stays in the area where the wind blows at
least in the valley.
 Wind: the runway is so highly regulated that the arrival and departure of air travel must be collected
for a limited period of five years.
 Noise nuisance: The magnitude of the noise disturbance depends on the airflow rate of your engine
and the weight of the main aircraft. The problem gets worse with the design of a jet plane. Therefore,
the site should be chosen such that the area is occupied and removed by airlines that pass-through land
without residential or development.
 Grading, drainage and soil characteristics: Water absorption and drainage play a major role in the
construction and maintenance of the airport which in turn influences the location selection. The profile
of the initial spatial location and any simulation function determines the shape of the aircraft and the
general pattern of the drainage system. The possibility of flooding in the valleys should be
investigated. Areas with large water tables that may require low-cost water supply should be avoided.
 Future developments: Considering that the volume of air traffic will continue to increase the future
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member of the upper race is likely to be given increased traffic.
 SURVEYS FOR SITE SELECTION

TRAFFIC METEOROLOGICA TOPOGRAPHICAL

SURVEY L SURVEY
SURVEY

DRAINAGE SOIL MATERIAL

SURVEY SURVEY SURVEY

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ESTIMATION OF FUTURE AIR TRAFFIC NEEDS
The future planning process must consider the following:
 airline goals and objectives;

 passenger and cargo traffic demand;

 service pattern impact on market share;

 aeroplane performance;

 operating economics; and

 operational and other system constraints. 20

 FORECASTING METHODOLOGY

LINEAR EXPONENTIAL PARABOLIC

Y = a + bT Y = a(1 + b)T Y = a + bT + cT2

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TYPICAL TREND CURVES

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 DISCUSSIONS
 Through this, we got to learn about the air transport and its history i.e. the entire arc
from how the air transport was imagined to how the idea was brought into practise,
aircraft and its various parts, airport and its classification along with the bodies
governing the air transport. It lead us to research about the airport planning and
design where we learnt about the various surveys and tests done before the selection
of an airport site which lead us to various planning done before the airport is
constructed.
 The role of airport planning and design is massive in today’s world as the there is
need for the judicial use of space and resources and for that we need to make the
technology and nature co-exist with each other. 23
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 GROUP 1

 PRADEEPTA DEY (17-1-1-061)

 SAJJAN KAMBLI (17-1-1-062)

 RUTH L MALSAWMZUALI (17-1-1-063)

 MAYANK CHAUDHARY (17-1-1-064)

 TUSHAR AGARWAL (17-1-1-065)

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THANK
YOU 26