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Marteja, Katrina Mendoza, Alexis Jason Molano, Joseph

CPR is an emergency procedure used when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to manually maintain circulation and oxygen until more definitive care can be provided. It should be started immediately on victims of cardiac arrest as brain damage can occur within 4-6 minutes without circulation. Effective CPR, delivered at a rate of 100 compressions per minute with adequate depth and recoil, can prolong cellular survival until an AED can be used to deliver an electrical shock to potentially restore a normal heart rhythm.

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55 views26 pages

Marteja, Katrina Mendoza, Alexis Jason Molano, Joseph

CPR is an emergency procedure used when someone's breathing or heartbeat has stopped. It involves chest compressions and rescue breaths to manually maintain circulation and oxygen until more definitive care can be provided. It should be started immediately on victims of cardiac arrest as brain damage can occur within 4-6 minutes without circulation. Effective CPR, delivered at a rate of 100 compressions per minute with adequate depth and recoil, can prolong cellular survival until an AED can be used to deliver an electrical shock to potentially restore a normal heart rhythm.

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Ndor Baribolo
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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CARDIOPULMON

ARY
RESUSCITATION
MARTEJA, KATRINA
MENDOZA, ALEXIS JASON
MOLANO, JOSEPH
WHAT IS CPR?

•  emergency medical procedure indicated in victims of


cardiac arrest and sometimes in victims of severe
symptomatic cardiovascular and circulatory compromise.
• CPR technique typically includes external delivery of
chest compressions and ventilations/breaths.
WHAT IS CPR?

• CPR produces circulation in the absence of spontaneous


cardiac output and allows for delivery of oxygen rich
blood throughout the body.
• Effectively delivered CPR prolongs cellular death and
may allow time for more definitive care to be delivered.
WHO IS THE VICTIM?

•A victim of cardiac arrest is defined as a person who is


unresponsive, pulseless, and apneic.
• Agonal respirations are ineffective breaths produced with poor
respiratory effort, volume, quality, or rate that are unsustainable of
life.
PEDIATRIC VICTIM

• Newly born, neonate, infant, or child of any age who is apneic and
pulseless
• Newly born with a heart rate less than 60 beats/min and not
improving after standard newborn care
• Neonate, infants and children with a heart rate less than 60
beats/min and poor perfusion
WHY START CPR IMMEDIATELY

Life threatening .
Brain damage starts in 4-6 minutes
Brain damage occur after 10 minutes without CPR
CHAIN OF SURVIVAL
MAIN STAGES OF RESUSCITATION

• A (Airway) – ensure open


airway by preventing the
falling back of tongue
• B (Breathing) – start artificial
ventilation of lungs
• C (Circulation) – restore the
circulation by external cardiac
compression
MAIN STAGES OF RESUSCITATION
CIRCULATION: CHEST COMPRESSION

• Make sure the victim is lying on his back on


hard surface

• Locate the center of the chest, between the


breasts and place the palm of one hand on
top of the lower half of the sternum
• Put the heel of your other hand on top of the
first hand.
• Straighten your arms & position your shoulders
directly over your hands.
CIRCULATION: CHEST COMPRESSION
• Push hard and fast 1.5 to 2
inches with each compression
 
• At the end of each
compression, allow the chest to
recoil completely

• Deliver compression at a rate of


100 compression per minute
EFFECTIVE CHEST COMPRESSION

1. Push HARD and Push FAST. Pushing hard and pushing fast helps
keep circulation moving
2. Continue CPR continuously without delay or pause unless
absolutely required.
REASONS TO STOP: The person wakes up or shows sign of life,
someone takes over, to use an AED or you can no longer continue.
3. Aim for the rate of at least 100 compressions per minute.
AIRWAY: OPENING THE AIRWAY

• Head tilt chin lift maneuver


• When a person becomes
unconscious, they loose all muscle
tone
• The tongue being a muscle relaxes
and may block the airway
(trachea/windpipe) of the victim.
BREATHING: RESCUE BREATHS

• Rescue breaths are the process of giving artificial


breathing to someone who isn't breathing on their own.
When giving rescue breathing, give just enough air
(volume) to see the chest rise.
VENTILATION
WAYS TO VENTILATE INDICATION
Mouth to mouth Mouth to Mouth breathing is performed by opening the
victims airway (head-tilt/chin-lift), covering the victims
mouth completely with your mouth, pinching the victims
nose (to keep the oxygen from escaping back out the nose),
and giving a regular breath for about 1 second into the
victim.

Mouth to mask Mouth to Mask Breathing is the delivery of rescue breaths


through a barrier mask to protect the rescuer from
becoming exposed to the victims bodily fluids.

Mouth to mouth and nose Done in neonates or infant victims


COMPRESSION/HANDS ONLY CPR

• Hands Only CPR / Compression Only CPR works by primarily circulating


the oxygen inspired by the victim prior to collapse.
• This preexisting oxygen is circulated during compressions to attempt to delay
desaturation and cellular death.
• This preexisting oxygen is circulated during compressions to attempt to delay
desaturation and cellular death.
CHILD CPR
• Circulation: Same as an Adult.
• Remember to Push Hard and Push Fast
• Attempt to push 1/2 to 1/3 the chest depth of
the child (approximately 2 inches). If the
child is small in size, you may use one hand
instead of two when performing
compressions.
CHILD CPR

• Airway: Same as an Adult except • Breathing: Same as an Adult. If


look in the airway for a potential giving rescue breaths, give a
choking object that potentially lower volume of air when giving
could be removed. breaths. Give just enough breath
to see the chest rise.
EARLY DEFIBRILLATOR
• Automated External Defibrillator-a computerized device that is
attached to a pulse less victim with adhesive pads.
• This must be used for effective resuscitation for patient of cardiac
arrest. In many cases however, CPR alone cannot correct the
underlying heart problem: defibrillation delivered by an AED is
needed, the electrical impulse allows the heart to develop
spontaneous effective rhythm on its own.
• Defibrillation
is the treatment of irregular, sporadic or absent heart
rhythms by an electrical current to the heart.
• Quick Guide to Using an AED:
1.) Open AED and Turn Unit On.
2.) Attach AED Pads to victims bare chest.
3.) Ensure AED Pads are attached to AED.
4:) Follow Prompts of the AED.
5:) Clear the Victim when Analyzing and Deliver
Shock if indicated.
6:) Continue CPR starting with Chest
Compressions.
7.) Follow AED instructions until emergency
personnel arrive.
• Pad Placement: AED pads typically go around the heart and are placed
on the upper right side of the chest below the collar bone and on the
lower left side below the nipple line near the armpit. The electricity
delivered by an AED will travel in both directions between these two
pads.
WHEN TO STOP CPR?

•Spontaneous signs of breathing and circulation.


•Turned over to professional provider.
•Operator is exhausted.
•Physician assumes responsibility.
•Scene become unsafe.
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!!!

REFERENCES:
American Health Association Guidelines

Philippine Red Cross Manual

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