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    Asepsis and Antisepsis

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    Ndor Baribolo
    1. Asepsis refers to the prevention of microorganisms from entering places like surgical sites while antisepsis uses chemicals to destroy microorganisms on the skin. 2. Key principles of asepsis include maintaining a sterile operating room, proper handling of equipment, and aseptic technique where only sterile items contact sterile areas. 3. Antisepsis is achieved through skin preparation like shaving and cleaning the skin with disinfectants, as well as surgical handwashing using friction and antiseptic solutions.

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    Asepsis and Antisepsis

    Uploaded by

    Ndor Baribolo
    176 views22 pages
    1. Asepsis refers to the prevention of microorganisms from entering places like surgical sites while antisepsis uses chemicals to destroy microorganisms on the skin. 2. Key principles of asepsis include maintaining a sterile operating room, proper handling of equipment, and aseptic technique where only sterile items contact sterile areas. 3. Antisepsis is achieved through skin preparation like shaving and cleaning the skin with disinfectants, as well as surgical handwashing using friction and antiseptic solutions.

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    Asepsis and antisepsis

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    1. Asepsis refers to the prevention of microorganisms from entering places like surgical sites while antisepsis uses chemicals to destroy microorganisms on the skin. 2. Key principles of asepsis include maintaining a sterile operating room, proper handling of equipment, and aseptic technique where only sterile items contact sterile areas. 3. Antisepsis is achieved through skin preparation like shaving and cleaning the skin with disinfectants, as well as surgical handwashing using friction and antiseptic solutions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    176 views22 pages

    Asepsis and Antisepsis

    Uploaded by

    Ndor Baribolo
    1. Asepsis refers to the prevention of microorganisms from entering places like surgical sites while antisepsis uses chemicals to destroy microorganisms on the skin. 2. Key principles of asepsis include maintaining a sterile operating room, proper handling of equipment, and aseptic technique where only sterile items contact sterile areas. 3. Antisepsis is achieved through skin preparation like shaving and cleaning the skin with disinfectants, as well as surgical handwashing using friction and antiseptic solutions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 22

    Asepsis and Antisepsis

    Rafael John Rivera


    Angela Montero
    History
    Prior to the discovery of asepsis, many people died due to
    operative (and other) infections.
    1847 – Dr. Ignaz Semmelwies
    1865 – Joseph Lister
     Drastic reduction in Infection
     1880 – von Bergmann
    Asepsis
    The absence of infectious organisms
    Is the prevention of access of microorganisms to an
    operative wound
    Is the purposeful prevention of the transfer of
    microbes from one person to another.
    Medical Asepsis vs. Surgical Asepsis
    Medical Asepsis
    Clean technique
    The use of practices aimed at destroying and inhibiting
    the growth and spread of pathogenic microorganisms
    Handwashing
    Used in most areas
    Surgical Asepsis
    Sterile technique
    Exclusions of all the microorganisms and there spores
    Scrubbing
    Used in specialized areas and skills
    The basic principles of asepsis include the ff:

     Size of the OR
     Management of air
     Handling of equipment
     Aseptic technique
    Aseptic Technique
     Only sterile items are used within the sterile field.
     The sterile packages/fields are created as close as possible to
    the time of use.
     Sterile tables are sterile only at table level.
     Sterile persons touch only sterile items or areas.
     Unsterile persons avoid reaching over sterile field.
     The edges of anything that encloses sterile contents are
    considered unsterile.
     Sterile areas are continuously kept in view.
     Sterile persons keep well with the sterile area.
     Sterile persons are gowned and gloved.
     Unsterile persons avoid sterile areas.
     When pouring fluids, the pouring container should not touch the
    receiving container
     Destruction of the integrity of microbial barriers result in
    contamination.
    Always remember…
    Sterile + Sterile = Sterile
    Sterile + Clean = Contaminated
    Sterile + Contaminated = Contaminated
    Sterile + Questionable = Contaminated
    Antisepsis
    Used of chemical solutions for disinfection
    Used of agents or means to remove or destroy
    transient microorganisms from the skin and a
    reduction of the resident flora
    DEFINITION
    •Sterilization
    –killing or removal of all microorganisms,
    including bacterial spores which are highly
    resistant
    –Sterilization is usually carried out by autoclaving,
    which is the exposure to steam at 121 deg C under a
    pressure of 15lbs/in2 for 15 minutes
    –Surgical instruments that can be damaged by moist
    heat are usually sterilized by exposure to ethylene gas
    –Most intravenous solutions are sterilized by filtration
    •Disinfection
    –is the killing of many but not all
    microorganisms
    –for adequate disinfection, pathogens must be
    killed but some organisms and bacterial
    spores may survive
    •Antiseptic
    –procedures and chemicals used to kill
    microorganisms on the surface of skin and
    mucous membranes
    Antisepsis is achieved through:

    1. Skin shaving
    2. Skin preparation
    3. Surgical handwashing
    Skin shaving
    Aesthetic and makes surgery, suture and
    dressing removal easier
    Wound infection rate lowest when
    performed immediately prior to surgery

    Skin Preparation
    Done circularly from the center outwards.
    Solutions used in Skin preparation
    70% Isopropyl alcohol
    Acts by denaturing proteins
    Is bactericidal but short acting
    Effective against gram-positive and gram-negative
    organisms
    Also fungicidal and virucidal
    70% Povidone - iodine
    Acts by oxidation / substitution of free iodine
    Bactericidal and active against spore forming
    organisms
    Effective against both gram-positive and gram-
    negative organisms
    Rapidly inactivated by organic material such as
    blood
    Sensitive to skin
    0.5% Chlorhexidine
    Acts by disrupting the bacterial cell wall
    Bactericidal but does not kill spore forming organisms
    It is persistent and has a long duration of action (up to 6
    hours)
    Effective against gram-positive organisms
    Surgical Handwashing
    This uses friction and antiseptic solution to reduce
    the transient microflora of the skin
    Two methods of surgical handwashing
    1. Numbered stroke method
    - a certain number of brush stroke are
    designated for each finger, palm, back of hand,
    and arm
    2. Timed scrub method
    -each scrub should last from three to five
    minutes, depending on facility protocol
    Five minute scrub procedures:
    1. Remove all jewelry on your hands and wrists.
    2. Wash hands and arms with antimicrobial soap.
    3. Clean under each fingernail with a stick or brush. It is important for
    all surgical staff to keep their fingernails short.
    4. Start timing. Scrub each side of each finger, between the fingers, and
    the back and front of the hand for two minutes.
    5. Proceed to scrub the arms, keeping the hand higher than the arm at
    all times.
    6. Wash each side of the arm to three inches above the elbow for one
    minute. Repeat the process on the other hand and arm, keeping hands
    above elbows at all times.
    7. Rinse each arm separately, fingertips first, holding your hands above
    the level of your elbow in one direction only. Let the water drip from
    the elbow.
    8. Proceed to the operating room suite holding hands above elbows.
    9. Using a sterile towel, dry your arms--from fingertips to elbow--using
    a different side of the towel on each arm.
    10. Once in the operating room suite, keep your hands above the level of
    your waist and do not touch anything before putting on sterile
    surgical gloves.

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