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Splines: (A) Shaft (B) Hub D Major Diameter of Splines (MM) D Minor Diameter of Splines (MM) L Length of Hub (MM) N Number of Splines

Splines are used to transmit torque between a shaft and hub while allowing for relative axial movement. They have straight or involute sides and transmit torque via friction between mating surfaces. The torque capacity of splines depends on the materials pressure limit, total spline surface area and mean spline radius. This document provides equations to calculate spline torque capacity and area and uses them to determine the length of a hub and force required to shift a gear, given design parameters like spline dimensions, transmitted power, and friction coefficient.

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2K views4 pages

Splines: (A) Shaft (B) Hub D Major Diameter of Splines (MM) D Minor Diameter of Splines (MM) L Length of Hub (MM) N Number of Splines

Splines are used to transmit torque between a shaft and hub while allowing for relative axial movement. They have straight or involute sides and transmit torque via friction between mating surfaces. The torque capacity of splines depends on the materials pressure limit, total spline surface area and mean spline radius. This document provides equations to calculate spline torque capacity and area and uses them to determine the length of a hub and force required to shift a gear, given design parameters like spline dimensions, transmitted power, and friction coefficient.

Uploaded by

thirumalaikumaran
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SPLINES

- keys which are made integral with the shaft.


- used when there is a relative axial motion between the shaft and the hub
- Used in gear shifting mechanism in automobile gearboxes
- Splines are cut on the shaft by milling and on the hub by broaching

Splines: (a) Shaft (b) Hub


D = major diameter of splines (mm)
d = minor diameter of splines (mm)
l = length of hub (mm)
n = number of splines
The torque transmitting capacity of splines(straight side) is given by,
Mt = pm A Rm (a)
where,
Mt = transmitted torque (N-mm)
pm = permissible pressure on spline ( N/mm2 )
A = total area of splines (mm2)
Rm = mean radius of splines (mm)
The area A is given by,
A = 1/2 (D - d )ln (b)
Rm = D +d/4 (c)

Substituting the above values in Eq. (a),

Mt = 1/8 pm ln(D2 – d2)

The permissible pressure on the splines is limited to 6.5 N/mm2.


Types of spline
(i) Involute Splines
- like concentric external and internal gear teeth.
- stub teeth with a pressure angle of 30°.
- specified by module
- greater strength relative to their size.
- self centering, tend to adjust to an even distribution of load.
- better and costlier than straight-sided splines.
(ii) Serrations

- Straight-sided serrations are used for small assemblies


- Used as interference joints.
- Used to obtain small angular relative adjustment between the
joined members.
Problem : A standard splined connection 8 X 52 X 60 mm is used for the gear and the shaft
assembly of a gearbox. The splines transmit 20 kW power at 300 rpm. The dimensions of the
splines are as follows: Major diameter = 60 mm ; Minor diameter = 52 mm ; Number of
splines = 8;Permissible normal pressure on splines is 6.5 N/mm2. The coefficient of friction is
0.06.Calculate:(i) The length of hub of the gear (ii) The force required for shifting the gear
Solution
Given kW = 20 ;n = 300 rpm ;pm = 6.5 N/mm2 ;For splines, D = 60 mm ; d = 52 ;mm ; n = 8 ;

µ = 0.06
Step I Torque transmitted by the shaft - Mt = 60 x 106 / 2 x π x 300 = 636 619.76 N-mm
Step II Length of hub - l = 8 Mt /pm n(D2-d2) = 110 mm
Step III Force required to shift gear
Due to torque Mt, a normal force P acts on the splines. It is assumed that the force P acts at the
mean radius of the splines. Therefore,
Mt = P Rm , Rm = D + d / 4 = 28 mm ; P = Mt / Rm = 22 736.42 N
Friction force = µ P = 0.06(22736.42) = 1364.19 N
The force required to shift the gear is equal and opposite of the friction force.

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