English Class 5th
Grade
Educción y cultura
Gimnasio Pedagógico Comfenalco
Adjectives are words that describe nouns.
Adjectives answer such questions as:
What kind? Which one? How many?
Adjectives can be used to describe:
Colour Opinion
Size
e.g. blue, red, e.g. good, pretty, Age
e.g. big, small,
green, brown, right, wrong, e.g. Old, young
long, short.
purple, yellow, funny, light, happy.
black.
Shape
e.g. round, Origin Distance
Material
triangle, e.g. German, e.g. long, short,
e.g. glass, metal.
rectangular, Malaysia near, far
square, oval.
Temperature
Time
e.g. cold, warm,
e.g. late, early.
hot, cool
1. Qualitative
/ Descriptive
Adjective
2.
7. Compound
Adjective Quantitative
Adjective
Types of
Adjective
3.
6. Distributive s Demonstrative
Adjective
Adjective
5.
4. Possessive
Interrogative
Adjective
Adjective
1. Qualitative /
Descriptive Adjectives
To describe the quality of a person
or thing, for example, its size,
Examples: tall, excellent, slim,
general description (physical), age,
young, square, plastic
shape, colour, material, origin and
purpose.
1. The tall girl is my classmate. 2.
The students achieved excellent
results.
2. Quantitative Adjectives
Examples: some, much, little,
To indicate the number or amount
enough, all , no, any, whole,
of things
several
1. She found many pens under the table.
2. There was no milk in the jug.
3. There are thirty seven students in this class.
3. Demonstrative adjectives
To point out nouns. Examples: this, these, that, those
1. This is my friend, Dina.
2. Those books belong to her.
4. Interrogative
Adjective
s
Examples: what, whose, where,
Used with noun to ask questions.
why, how and which
1. Whose pen is this?
2. Which way shall we go?
5. Possessive Adjectives
Examples: my, your, his her, our,
Used to show possession.
their, its.
1. This is her hat.
2. Their parents
came to my house
yesterday.
6. Distributive Adjectives
To show that the persons or Normally used with singular
things are counted collectively. nouns.
Refer to members of a group as Examples: each, every, either, and
individuals. neither.
1. Each participant was asked to complete a survey.
2. Either of these movies would be interesting to me.
7. Compound Adjectives
Often linked together with
hyphens to link the words
Made up of two or more words.
together to show that it is one
adjective.
Examples: light-weight, duty-free,
four-foot, part-time, cold-
blooded, well-behaved.
1. We have to be open-minded about things.
2. The lady is wearing a pair of high-heeled shoes.
Comparison of adjectives
• There are three forms of
comparison:
- positive
- comparative
- superlative
Comparatives of superiority
In superiority comparisons, the adjective, which is in the
comparative form (see below), is followed by "than".
Examples:
Juan runs faster than Mark
Angela’s room is cleaner than Sue’s.
I am taller than Beth
New York is bigger than Los Angeles
Comparatives of Inferiority
To form this type of comparison we can use the conjunctions
"not as ... as" or "less ... than". In both cases, the adjective is in
the positive degree.
Examples:
Mark is not as fast as Juan
Sue’s room is less clean than Angela’s
Girón is less big than Bucaramanga.
Beth is not as tall as me
Los Angeles is not as big as New York.
Equality Comparatives
With the adjective in the positive degree, we use the
conjunction "as ... as" to form equality comparisons.
Examples:
Mark is as fast as Juan
Sue’s room is as clean as Angela’s
Beth is as tall as I am
Los Angeles is as big as New York.
Superlatives
The superlative degree denotes the quality in the highest degree and as in Spanish,
“the” is used before the adjective in the superlative form
Juan is the fastest.
Angela’s room is the cleanest.
I am the tallest.
New York is the biggest city in the United States.
Form
There are some rules to form the comparative and superlative.
1. For one-syllable adjectives:
Comparatives Superlatives
adds: "-er" adds: "-est"
faster the fastest
Taller The tallest
Shorter The shortest
cleaner The cleanest
2. For one-syllable adjectives ending in "e":
adds: "-r" adds: "-st"
nicer nicest
larger largest
3. For one-syllable adjectives ending in consonant + vowel + consonant:
add: consonant + "-er" add: consonant + "-est"
hotter hottest
Bigger Biggest
Fatter Fattest
Fitter Fittest
4. For two syllable adjectives ending in "y":
replace "and" with: "-ier" replace "and" with: "-iest"
funnier funniest
5. For adjectives with two or more syllables:
adds: "more" / "less" adds: “the most” / “the least”
more beautiful the most beautiful
less beautiful the least beautiful
A - Comparison with -er/-est
We use -er/-est with the following adjectives:
positive comparative superlative
clean cleaner cleanest
dirty dirtier dirtiest
clever cleverer cleverest
simple simpler simplest
Narrow narrower narrowest
B - Comparison with more - most
positive comparative superlative
difficult more difficult (the) most difficult
beautiful more beautiful (the) most beautiful
C - Irregular adjectives
positive comparative superlative comment
good better best
bad worse worst
much more most uncountable nouns
many more most countable nouns
little less least
little smaller smallest
D - Special adjectives
Some adjectives have two possible forms of comparison (-
er/est and more/most).
positive comparative superlative
clever cleverer / more clever cleverest / most clever
common commoner / more common commonest / most common
likely likelier / more likely likeliest / most likely
polite politer / more polite politest / most polite
simple simpler / more simple simplest / most simple
Questions
Identify the adjectives.
1. Try using this paintbrush in art class.
2. Many people came to visit the fair.
3. I went into the duty-free shop but I did not buy
anything.
4. He doesn't seem intelligent, but he is.
Answer
1. this
2. Many
3. duty-free
4. intelligent
