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Lesson 1.3 Operations On Sets Part1

The document covers key concepts in set theory such as intersection, union, difference, and complement of sets. It demonstrates how to use set notation to describe set relationships and operations including common elements, disjoint sets, and complements. Examples are provided to illustrate how to represent sets and the results of set operations using Venn diagrams. [

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Bernadette Remigio - Jovellanos
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540 views26 pages

Lesson 1.3 Operations On Sets Part1

The document covers key concepts in set theory such as intersection, union, difference, and complement of sets. It demonstrates how to use set notation to describe set relationships and operations including common elements, disjoint sets, and complements. Examples are provided to illustrate how to represent sets and the results of set operations using Venn diagrams. [

Uploaded by

Bernadette Remigio - Jovellanos
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Lesson 1.

3
OPERATIONS ON SETS
Intersection and Union
Difference of Two Sets
Complement of a Set
Solving Problems using Venn Diagrams
Favorite Subjects
JP’s favorite subject
J = {Math, Science, P.E., Arts, English}
Mark’s favorite subject
M = {Math, E.P., English, Filipino, C.F.}
Nil’s favorite subject
N = {Computer, Music, Arts, A.P., Health}
What can you say about Set J and Set M?

How about Set M and Set N, are there any


common element?
BASIC SET OPERATIONS
Intersection of sets
The set containing the elements that are in
both sets. “” symbol for intersection.
J = {Math, Science, P.E., Arts, English}
M = {Math, E.P., English, Filipino, C.F.}
N = {Computer, Music, Arts, A.P., Health}

J  M = { Math, English}
N  J = { Arts}
M  N = { } or 
M  N = { } or 
Set M and Set N do not have common elements,
therefore the two sets are called DISJOINT
SETS.
If A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = { 2, 3, 4, 7, 9}, what
is A  B?
A  B = { 2, 3, 4}
Is A  B = B  YES
A? !
What is A  A? A  A = { 1,2,3,4,5} or A
Venn Diagram of Intersection of
Sets

A  B = { 2, 3, 4}
If M and N are disjoint sets, is there any
possibility that these two sets
YES be combine?
!
Union of sets
The set of all elements that are in one set, or in the
other set, or in both sets. “” symbol for union.

“or” suggests union, while “and” suggests intersection


Union and Intersection
are called set operations
A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = { 2, 3, 4, 7, 9}
What is A  B? A  B = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9}
A = { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5} and B = { 2, 3, 4, 7, 9}
What are the elements in A that are not in B?
1,5
The set containing these elements is called the
DIFFERENCE OF SET B FROM A.
This can be represented by A – B = {1,5}
How about B – A? B – A = {7, 9}
A – B = {1,5}
B – A = {7,9}
Can we say that A – B = B – A ? NO!
Let A = { x  x is a counting number between 2
and 9}
Let B = { x  x is a whole number less than 5}
A = { 3,4,5,6,7,8}
B = { 0,1,2,3,4}
A - B = { 5,6,7,8}
B - A = { 0,1,2}
A - B = { 5,6,7,8}
B - A = { 0,1,2}
A = { 2,9,7,8,6,5} B = { 1,6,3,4}
Using Venn Diagram, show A – B and B – A.
UNION and INTERSECTION of SETS are
called BINARY SET OPERATIONS.
COMPLEMENT of a SET is the only UNARY
SET OPERATION.
The set of elements in the universal set that are
not in A. It is represented by A’.
U = { 0,2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20}
A = { 0,2}
B = { 6,8,10,12,20}
C = { 0,4,8,12,16,20}
D = { 18, 10, 6, 8}
Find;
A’ = {4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20}
B’ = {0,2,4,14,16,18}
C’ = {2,6,10,14,18}
D’ = {0,2,4,12,14,16,20}
The complement of the universal set is an
empty set.
The complement of an empty set is the
universal set.
The U – A is called the complement of A or A’.
Representation of Sets using Venn
diagrams
Identify the set notation formula to describe
the shaded region.

A B
Identify the set notation formula to describe
the shaded region.

A B
Identify the set notation formula to describe
the shaded region.

D’
Identify the set notation formula to describe
the shaded region.

(A  B)’
Identify the set notation formula to describe
the shaded region.

(A  B)’
Identify the set notation formula to describe
the shaded region.

A’  B or B - A
Solving Problems using Venn Diagrams
Represent the given situation/information
using Venn diagram.
1. n(AB) = 5
n(A) = 12
n(B) = 18
n(U) = 31

2. n(ABC) = 7 n(A) = 22
n(AB) = 10 n (B) = 18
n(BC) = 11 n(C) = 17
n(AC) = 7 n(U) = 41

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