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Group 4: Case: Digital Audio Standard

Group 4 presented on OFDM modulation used in digital audio broadcasting systems. The document discussed DAB specifications including 1.5 MHz bandwidth and support for up to 63 mono or 12 stereo audio channels. It explained the advantages of DAB over analog broadcasting like AM and FM, including better sound quality and reception and more channel capacity. The document described how OFDM is used in DAB to mitigate multipath interference and analyzed the four transmission modes.

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Joakim Ngatunga
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42 views17 pages

Group 4: Case: Digital Audio Standard

Group 4 presented on OFDM modulation used in digital audio broadcasting systems. The document discussed DAB specifications including 1.5 MHz bandwidth and support for up to 63 mono or 12 stereo audio channels. It explained the advantages of DAB over analog broadcasting like AM and FM, including better sound quality and reception and more channel capacity. The document described how OFDM is used in DAB to mitigate multipath interference and analyzed the four transmission modes.

Uploaded by

Joakim Ngatunga
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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GROUP 4

OFDM IN DIGITAL BROADCASTING SYSTEMS


Case: DIGITAL AUDIO STANDARD
TN 424
Participants
STUDENT NAME REGISTRATION NUMBER DEGREE PROGRAM
MKUMBO REHEMA J. T/UDOM/2014/03111 BSc. TE
SHAYO EBENEZER S. T/UDOM/2014/03081 BSc. TE
PETER MATHEW SAID T/UDOM/2014/03054 BSc. TE
MWANDUMBYA KELVIN T/UDOM/2014/03056 BSc. TE
RUMANYIKA JOSEPH T/UDOM/2014/03086 BSc. TE
Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB)
• Digital audio broadcasting (DAB) is a digital radio standard for broadcasting
digital audio radio services, used in countries across Europe, the Middle East
and Asia Pacific.

• The DAB standard was initiated as a European research project in the 1980s. It
was the first digital sound broadcasting systems providing CD like audio quality
for satellite delivery with a frequency band 10 to 12GHz.

• The Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation (NRK) launched the first DAB


channel in the world on 1 June 1995 (NRK Klassisk), and the BBC and Swedish
Radio (SR) launched their first DAB digital radio broadcasts in September
1995.

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DAB Specifications
• 1.5 MHz Bandwidth.
• Frequency band between 30MHz to 3GHz.
• 1.5 Mbps Signal Rate.
• 8-384 Kbps Audio Rate.
• It supports up to 63 Mono audio channel or 12 Stereo
audio channel.

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Problems of AM and FM
1) Use a comparatively large amount of spectrum for a relatively small
number of stations.

2) Multipath fading.
• Reflection from aircraft, vehicles, buildings
• Very large variations in signal strength over distances of ≈ 1 m

3) Susceptible to Interference.
• From equipment, vehicles and other radio stations

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Advantages of DAB over AM and FM
a) Broadcasting programs with good sound quality comparable
to multi-media products such as mp3.
b) Offering stable reception and removing noise.
c) Bringing wide range of program choices to the audiences.
d) Enabling transmission of text/images.
e) Improved features for users.
f) More stations within the same frequency range.

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Modulation Schemes In DAB
• The DAB system uses a multicarrier scheme known as Orthogonal Frequency
Division Multiplexing (OFDM).

• This scheme meets the exacting requirements of high bit-rate digital


broadcasting to mobile, portable and fixed receivers, especially in multipath
environments.

• Before the transmission the information is divided into a large number of bit-
streams with low bit-rates each. These are then used to modulate individual
orthogonal carriers (differential QPSK) in such a way that the corresponding
symbol duration becomes larger than the delay spread of the transmission
channels.
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OFDM Scheme In DAB

• By inserting a temporal guard interval between successive symbols,


channel selectivity and multipath propagation will not cause inter-
symbol interference. (see the diagram in the next slide)

• The system provides four transmission mode options which allow for
a wide range of transmission frequencies between 30 MHz and 3 GHz
and network configurations.

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Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM)

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DAB Transmission Mode
1) Mode I:
• Is most suitable for a terrestrial Single-Frequency Network in the
VHF range, because it allows the greatest transmitter separation.
2) Mode II:
• Is preferably used for medium-scale SFN in L-band and for local
radio applications that require one terrestrial transmitter. Larger
transmitter spacing can be accommodated by inserting artificial
delays at the transmitters and by using directional transmission
antennas.

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DAB Transmission Mode
3) Mode III:
• Is most appropriate for cable, satellite and complementary
terrestrial transmission, since it can be operated at all frequencies
up to 3 GHz for mobile reception and has the greatest phase-noise
tolerance.

4) Mode IV:
• Is also used in L-band and allows a greater transmitter spacing in
SFNs. However, it is less resistant to degradation at higher vehicle
speeds
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DAB Transmission Parameters for Each Transmission Mode

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OFDM Scheme in DAB

• With multipath propagation, some of the carriers are amplified by


constructive signals, while others suffer destructive interference
(frequency selective fading).

• Therefore, the OFDM system provides frequency interleaving by a


re-arrangement of the digital bit-stream among the carriers, so that
successive source samples are not affected by selective fade.

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OFDM Scheme in DAB
• In stationary receivers, this diversity in the frequency domain is the
prime means to guarantee unimpaired reception; the time diversity
due to time interleaving provides further assistance to a mobile
receiver.

• Consequently, multipath propagation is a form of diversity of which


DAB takes advantage, in stark contrast to conventional FM or
narrowband digital systems, where it can completely destroy a
service

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DAB Transmitter

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DAB Receiver

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Disadvantages of DAB

1) Coverage:
• DAB isn’t yet available to everyone in the UK. Although
coverage has increased rapidly in recent years, many areas still
suffer from poor coverage or no coverage at all.

2) Compatibility Issue:
• DAB broadcasts can’t be received by traditional FM/AM radios.

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