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    Principles of Fiber Optic Transmission (I)

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    بشير عماد كاظم
    The document discusses the basic elements of an optical fiber communication system, including transmitters that encode electrical signals into light using modulation techniques, optical fibers that carry the light signals over long distances, and receivers that decode the light back into electrical signals. It also describes amplitude modulation, where an electrical signal is used to vary the intensity of light carried by an optical fiber. Optical fibers can transmit much more data than copper cables and are immune to electromagnetic interference.

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    Principles of Fiber Optic Transmission (I)

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    بشير عماد كاظم
    31 views15 pages
    The document discusses the basic elements of an optical fiber communication system, including transmitters that encode electrical signals into light using modulation techniques, optical fibers that carry the light signals over long distances, and receivers that decode the light back into electrical signals. It also describes amplitude modulation, where an electrical signal is used to vary the intensity of light carried by an optical fiber. Optical fibers can transmit much more data than copper cables and are immune to electromagnetic interference.

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    The document discusses the basic elements of an optical fiber communication system, including transmitters that encode electrical signals into light using modulation techniques, optical fibers that carry the light signals over long distances, and receivers that decode the light back into electrical signals. It also describes amplitude modulation, where an electrical signal is used to vary the intensity of light carried by an optical fiber. Optical fibers can transmit much more data than copper cables and are immune to electromagnetic interference.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    31 views15 pages

    Principles of Fiber Optic Transmission (I)

    Uploaded by

    بشير عماد كاظم
    The document discusses the basic elements of an optical fiber communication system, including transmitters that encode electrical signals into light using modulation techniques, optical fibers that carry the light signals over long distances, and receivers that decode the light back into electrical signals. It also describes amplitude modulation, where an electrical signal is used to vary the intensity of light carried by an optical fiber. Optical fibers can transmit much more data than copper cables and are immune to electromagnetic interference.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 15

    Principles of Fiber Optic Transmission (I)

    In This Lecture

    Elements of an Optical Fiber


    communication
     Optical fibers
     Amplitude Modulation
    Elements of an Optical Fiber communication

    • Fiber optic links contain three basic elements


    – transmitter
    – optical fiber
    Optical Fiber
    – receiver

    User User
    Transmitter Receiver
    Input(s) Output(s)

    Electrical-to-Optical Optical-to-Electrical
    Conversion Conversion
    • Transmitter (TX)

    – Electrical interface encodes user’s information


    through AM, FM or Digital Modulation

    – Encoded information transformed into light by


    means of a light-emitting diode (LED) or laser
    diode (LD)

    User Electrical Data Encoder/ Light Optical


    Input(s) Output
    Interface Modulator Emitter
    • Receiver (RX)

    – decodes the light signal back into an electrical


    signal
    – the data decoder/demodulator converts the
    signals into the correct format

    User
    Optical Light Detector/ Data Decoder/ Electrical Output(s)
    Input
    Amplifier Demodulator Interface
    Question1 of this week

    What is the difference


    between encode and
    cipher?
    Optical fibers

     Optical fibers carry light energy from the


    transmitter to the receiver.
     An optical fiber may be made of glass or plastic.
     The fiber can carry light around corners and
    over great distances.

    Comparison of fiber
    and copper cables
    Assignment (1)

    Amplitude Modulation
    Ref.: Fiber Optics Installer and Technician Guide
    Connectors
     The connector is attached to the optical fiber
    and allows it to be mated to the transmitter or
    receiver to provide solid contact.
     The connector must align the fiber end
    precisely with the light source or receiver to
    prevent signal loss.
    Advantages of optical fibers
     Can carry much more information
     Less expensive .
     Thinner
     Much higher data rates
     Much longer distances than co-axial cables
     Immune to electromagnetic noise
     Light in weight
     Unaffected by atmospheric agents
    Amplitude Modulation
    • One method used for converting electrical signals into light
    signals for transmission is amplitude modulation (AM).
    .
    Electrical energy Light with
    with continuously converted into continuously
    varying voltage varying
    is converted into brightness
    Amplitude modulation requires two
    components: a carrier and a signal that is
    imposed on the carrier to change it in some
    way.
    The signal is also known as the
    intelligence

     To modulate the amplitude of the light in a fiber optic


    transmitter, the intelligence is sent through a circuit
    that changes it to a continuously varying voltage.

     As the intelligence changes, the voltage controlling


    the light rises and falls, varying the light’s intensity to
    match the intelligence.
     Amplitude modulation suffers from two
    problems that can affect the quality of the
    signal: attenuation and noise.
     Noise : can be considered data without
    meaning; that is, data that is not being
    used to transmit a signal, but is simply
    produced as an unwanted by-product of
    other activities.
     Attenuation :Attenuation is a measure of
    how much a signal weakens as it travels
    through a medium.
    The Modulation
     see amplitude and frequency modulation

    https://
    www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q
    EubAxBfqKU&pbjreload=10

    The phase modulation


    Assignment 2

    Mechanical waves vs.


    Electromagnetic waves

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