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Sensors and Transducers

This document discusses sensors and transducers. It defines a sensor as a device that converts signals from one energy domain to electrical domain, providing an output signal with respect to a specific physical quantity. Sensors are used in systems to provide input to main control systems like processors or microcontrollers. There are different types of sensors like temperature, pressure, light, and proximity sensors. Factors like accuracy, range, cost, and resolution must be considered when choosing a sensor. Sensors are important because the data they provide can be used to efficiently operate, monitor, and control systems as well as improve performance and future products. An example given is sensors in aircraft autopilot systems that provide data to computers to control aspects like engine, fl

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61 views9 pages

Sensors and Transducers

This document discusses sensors and transducers. It defines a sensor as a device that converts signals from one energy domain to electrical domain, providing an output signal with respect to a specific physical quantity. Sensors are used in systems to provide input to main control systems like processors or microcontrollers. There are different types of sensors like temperature, pressure, light, and proximity sensors. Factors like accuracy, range, cost, and resolution must be considered when choosing a sensor. Sensors are important because the data they provide can be used to efficiently operate, monitor, and control systems as well as improve performance and future products. An example given is sensors in aircraft autopilot systems that provide data to computers to control aspects like engine, fl

Uploaded by

JuBi1461
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Sensors and

Transducers
Introduction
MANASY JAYASURYA
Asst. Professor
Dept. of Computer Science &
Applications
St.Mary’s College
Sensors

Sensor as an input device which provides an output (signal) with respect to a specific
physical quantity (input).
The term “input device” in the definition of a Sensor means that it is part of a bigger
system which provides input to a main control system (like a Processor or a
Microcontroller).
It is a device that converts signals from one energy domain to electrical domain.
Sensors are sophisticated devices that are frequently used to detect and respond to
electrical or optical signals.
 A Sensor converts the physical parameter (for example:  temperature, blood pressur
e, humidity, speed, etc.) into a signal which can be measured electrically
. Let’s explain the example of temperature. The mercury in the glass thermometer
expands and contracts the liquid to convert the measured temperature which can be
read by a viewer on the calibrated glass tube.
Different type of sensors
Criteria to choose a Sensor

There are certain features which have to be considered when we choose a sensor. They are as
given below:
1.     Accuracy
2.     Environmental condition – usually has limits for temperature/ humidity
3.     Range – Measurement limit of sensor
4.   Calibration – Essential for most of the measuring devices as the readings changes with time
5.     Resolution – Smallest increment detected by the sensor
6.     Cost
7.     Repeatability – The reading that varies is repeatedly measured under the same environment
 
Example
Real Time Application of Sensors 

•The example we are talking about here is the Autopilot


System in aircrafts.
• Almost all civilian and military aircrafts have the feature
of Automatic Flight Control system or sometimes called
as Autopilot.
•An Automatic Flight Control System consists of several
sensors for various tasks like speed control, height,
position, doors, obstacle, fuel, maneuvering and many
more.
• A Computer takes data from all these sensors and
processes them by comparing them with pre-designed
values.
•The computer then provides control signal to different
parts like engines, flaps, rudders etc.
•The combination of Sensors, Computers and Mechanics
makes it possible to run the plane in Autopilot Mode.
Why We Use Sensors?

The data measured by sensors can be used in:


Operating the system efficiently.
Monitoring the operations for any abnormalities.
Controlling the operations.
Utilizing the resources effectively.
Making design changes to further improve performance.
Enhancing Future product portfolio.
Type of Sensors

1. Temperature Sensor
2. Proximity Sensor
3. Infrared Sensor
4. Light Sensor
5. Accelerometer sensor
6. Pressure Sensor
7. Ultrasonic Sensor
8. Touch Sensor
9. Smoke, Gas, Alcohol
10. Humidity Sensor
11. Flow and level sensor
12. Tilt Sensor
Reference

https://www.electronicshub.org/different-types-sensors/
https
://www.engineersgarage.com/article_page/sensors-different-types-of-sensors/#:~:text=Sensors%20
are%20sophisticated%20devices%20that,which%20can%20be%20measured%20electrically.
THANK YOU

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