Time Planning

Chapter # 2

Abdul Rashed Barakzai

 ‘If you fail to plan, you plan to fail!’
(old adage)

Time Planning is the important part of being organized. Time

Introduction planning needs prediction of future commitment and setting

enough time to meet the planed Goal and Objective.
Successful Time Planning gives you confidence and Road
Map.
 Time Management is the process of planning, Executing
Time and controlling of time spent on a Project activity for the
Management purpose of increasing effectiveness, efficiency and
productivity.
 1. Future Prediction

Steps for 2. Planning

Successful 3. Breakup Time
Time Planning
4. Setting Priority

5. Reviewing progress
 The Most Important Step:

Ask Your Self ?

1. Future  what you need to do (e.g. coursework/taught sessions/private study)

 when things need to be done ( When, Who, why)

Prediction  how long they are likely to take ( Clear Duration, or Exact Duration)
  Check the whole Scenario/ Project/Program

 Check the Deadline fall in relationship to each other

 Do keep scanning the whole activities to make a clear

2. Planning
image

 Assign specific Goal, Objective using SMART

 Promotion and Demotion

 To begin taking control of your time you will need to break it up
into manageable chunks. Try the following short time and long
time planning.
3. Breaking up  your contact time or taught sessions (lectures, tutorials,
laboratory classes);
 your private study activities (working on projects, reading
time for an essay).
 Make Time Table
4. Setting

priorities
  It is important to continually review your planning
strategy to make sure that it is up to date (an ineffective
5. Reviewing time manager allows all of their priority points to slide
progress towards the top right hand corner of their graph when
everything is urgent and everything needs to be done
yesterday!). Try to avoid this
  Project scheduling is a mechanism to communicate what
tasks need to get done and which organizational resources
Project will be allocated to complete those tasks in what timeframe.

Scheduling A project schedule is a document collecting all the work

needed to deliver the project on time.
 Clear Road Map

Risk Identification

Benefit of Reduce Cost

Increase Productivity
Scheduling
Identify Problems / Solutions

Team Motivation
 Why activity planning Activity Planning will help to:

 Ensure that the appropriate resources will be available precisely when

required

Why activity  Produce a detailed schedule showing which staff carry out each activity

 Produce a detailed plan against which actual achievement may be

planning?
measured

 Produce a timed forecast

g?
  Precedence analysis
Things to learn  Gantt Charts

 PERT / CPA
  Decides what activities must be carried out before
Precedence particular activity can start.

Analysis  Must be done before an activity plan can be produced.

  Developed by Henry Gantt, around 1917.

 Gantt charts are easy to use and produce.

Gantt Charts  They are very useful for use on less complex projects.

 Commonly used due to there simplicity.

 Gantt charts are easily understood and easy to read.

 WEEK 1 WEEK 2 WEEK 3 WEEK 4 WEEK 5 WEEK 6
Task 1
Task 2
Task 3
Gantt Charts Task 4
Task 5
Task 6
 Draw the following Gantt chart
Tasks Precedence Time
a - 5 days
b - 4 days
Gantt Charts c a 6 days
d b 2 days
e b 5 days
f c,d 8 days
  PERT
 The Program Evaluation and Review Technique

Network  Developed by:

 US Navy with
planning  BOOZ-Allen Hamilton and
models  Lockheed Corporation for the

 Mainly use for R&D projects

 CPM

Critical Path Method

 Also known as CPA

Network  Critical Path Analysis

planning  Developed by
 DuPont Inc in the
Models
 Late fifties early sixties(1958) to facilitate

 Developed for use in construction projects

 A simple on arrow network model

2 d
Network a
e 5 g
planning Start 1
b
5 End
3 h
c
models f 5
4
  Activity
 A specific task, uses resources takes time to
complete
Terminology  Event
 The result of completing an activity

 Events use no resources

  Network - The combination of all activities and events define the project
and the activity precedence relationships

 Path - The series of connected activities (or intermediate events)

between any two events in a network
Continue…  Critical - Activities, events, or paths which, if delayed, will delay the
completion of the project. A project’s critical path is understood to mean
that sequence of critical activities that connect the project’s start event
to its finish event
  Draw the following as an on arrow network

Draw the following as an on arrow network

Tasks Precedence Time
a - 5 days
On Arrow b - 4 days
c a 6 days

Networks d b 2 days
e b 5 days
f c,d 8 days
  How to start …..

a 2

On Arrow start
1
b
Networks

3
  What not to do

c
a 2 4
On Arrow start 1
b
Networks d 5
3
e
6
  A better way …

c
a 2

Continue… start 1
b
d
3
e
 It is then less confusing that c & d go to the same event …
but what about e & f ?

c f
Continue… a 2 4 6

start 1
b d

e
3 5
 The completed on arrow network ….

c
a 2 4
f
Continue…
start
1 d
b 5 end
e

3
 Another on arrow network to draw
Tasks Precedence Time
a - 6 weeks
b - 4 weeks
c a 3 weeks
Assignment
d b 4 weeks
e b 3 weeks
f - 10 weeks
g e,f 3 weeks
h c,d 2 weeks
 Tasks Precedence Time
a - 6 weeks
b - 4 weeks
c - 3 weeks
d a 4 weeks
Assignment e b 3 weeks
f b 2 weeks
g c 3 weeks
h d,e 2 weeks
i f 1 week
j g,i 2 weeks
Thank You